Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lili Wu, Meimei Wu, Dandan Zhao, Shuohua Chen, Guodong Wang, Lina Xu, Yujing Wang, Lina An, Shouling Wu, Congliang Miao, Jiang Hong
Summary: High levels of hsCRP are independently associated with an increased risk of cardiac conduction disorders, and this association is dose-dependent.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
L. Savannah Dewberry, Alexander B. Dru, Maxwell Gravenstine, Brian Nguyen, James Anderson, Sasha Vaziri, Daniel J. Hoh, Kyle D. Allen, Kevin J. Otto
Summary: The study showed that HF block can rapidly reduce tactile sensitivity in a limb with neuropathic injury. No significant increase in gait disability was observed during HF block.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yihua Zhong, Xu Zhang, Jonathan Beckel, William C. de Groat, Changfeng Tai
Summary: A new axonal conduction model was used to analyze the interaction between intracellular sodium concentration and membrane potential oscillation in axonal conduction block induced by high-frequency biphasic stimulation. The results show that the block duration can be shortened by increasing the HFBS intensity, and the block can be maintained if the intensity is above a certain threshold.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jianan Jian, Jonathan M. Beckel, William C. de Groat, Changfeng Tai
Summary: A new axonal conduction model that includes ion pump activity and allows for changes in ion concentrations is developed. The model successfully simulates action potential generation, propagation, and acute DC block, as well as the post-stimulation block phenomenon observed in animal studies. The study highlights the importance of ion concentrations and ion pump activity in post-stimulation block induced by long-duration DC stimulation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
M. Ivette Muzquiz, Landan Mintch, M. Ryne Horn, Awadh Alhawwash, Rizwan Bashirullah, Michael Carr, John H. Schild, Ken Yoshida
Summary: The study successfully demonstrated the high degree of nerve block achieved by LFACb waveform in blocking bradycardic effect induced by vagal stimulation in rats, showing its effectiveness and reversibility.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ryuhei Sato, Kazuto Akagi, Shigeyuki Takagi, Kartik Sau, Kazuaki Kisu, Hao Li, Shin-ichi Orimo
Summary: Topological data analysis based on persistent homology is applied to the molecular dynamics simulation of the AgI a-phase to analyze the ion migration mechanism effectively. The persistence diagrams of a-AgI record the shape and size of the ring structures in the atomic configurations, clearly showing the emergence of four-membered rings formed by two Ag and two I ions at high temperatures, which are common structures during the Ag ion migration. The potential energy change due to the deformation of the four-membered ring agrees well with the activation energy calculated from the conductivity Arrhenius plot, and the concerted motion of two Ag ions via the four-membered ring is successfully extracted from molecular dynamics simulations, providing new insight into the specific mechanism of the concerted motion.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Eduardo Trutie-Carrero, Diego Seuret-Jimenez, Jose M. Nieto-Jalil
Summary: This article presents a new Te-transform and its periodogram for applications with low signal-to-noise ratios, improving sensitivity in the frequency spectrum compared to previously reported methods. The Te-transform is compared with other methods in the frequency domain, showing its effectiveness in enhancing spectral sensitivity.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Qianming Ding, Ya Jia
Summary: This paper investigates the effects of ion channel blocks, temperature, and ion channel noise on the propagation of action potentials along a myelinated axon using an improved Hodgkin-Huxley chain network model. The study reveals minimum coupling intensity threshold and maximum tolerance temperature threshold in the chain network, which can be altered by ion channel blockage. The simulated optimum membrane size correlates with the area range of feline thalamocortical relay cells observed in biological experiments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meng-Meng Wang, Jun-Jie Cai, Hui-Jie Lun, Ming-Guang Lv, Jing-Qi Zhang, Swetha Andra, Beibei Li, Dong-Bin Dang, Yan Bai, Ya-Min Li
Summary: The visible proton-conducting pathway provides an advantage for studying and developing new proton-conducting materials. Three crystalline materials were constructed through acid-base chemistry, and their proton conductivity was studied using impedance measurements. One of the materials, GH-PMo12, exhibited high proton conductivity in both single crystals and composite membranes, showing potential for real-world applications.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jungang Heo, Youngboo Cho, Hyeonseung Ji, Min-Hwi Kim, Jong-Ho Lee, Jung-Kyu Lee, Sungjun Kim
Summary: In this study, we compare the resistive switching characteristics of Ti/ZrOX/TiN and Ti/ZrOX/HfAlOX/TiN devices. The bilayer structure of the ZrOX-based device leads to reduced power consumption and higher on/off ratio. The transport mechanism of the Ti/ZrOX/HfAlOX/TiN device is clarified using 1/f noise measurement technique. Additionally, the suitability of the Ti/ZrOX/HfOX/TiN device as a neuromorphic device is assessed through simulation testing.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chuming Wang, Chunnong Zhao, Xiang Li, Enping Zhou, Haixing Miao, Yanbei Chen, Yiqiu Ma
Summary: This work proposes an alternative protocol for boosting the sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors at high frequency by implementing an optomechanical quantum amplifier. The analysis shows that the quantum-noise-limited sensitivity can be significantly improved, indicating the potential of this design for future neutron star merger signal detection.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Achilleas I. Sfetkos, Eleftherios O. Kontis, Theofilos A. Papadopoulos, Grigoris K. Papagiannis
Summary: This paper presents a new methodology for inertia estimation of multi-area power systems, using the modal sensitivity matrix and Matrix Pencil method to identify modal parameters and estimate the overall inertia. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through simulations in one-area, two-area, and three-area power system models.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dong Liu, Qiao Chen, Haoran Li, Guiyun Tian, Bin Gao, Zhuhong Xiong, Minqiang Li
Summary: This study investigates the frequency sensitivity of the Coil-interdigital electrode (IDE) sensor in different integrated topologies. The expression of the resonance frequency for both series and parallel Coil-IDE sensor structures is derived. The sensitivity of frequency to IDE capacitance is analyzed, revealing that the Coil-IDE parallel topology exhibits higher frequency sensitivity compared to the series topology due to the presence of coil winding capacitance and grounding capacitance. Additionally, the parameters such as coil inductance and IDE capacitance also affect the frequency sensitivity. Experimental results confirm the higher sensitivity of the parallel Coil-IDE structure and discuss the error of the proposed formula predicting the regulatory effect of parameters on frequency sensitivity, with an error as low as 7.57%, highlighting the advantages of the integrated design of the Coil-IDE sensor.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander L. R. Lubbock, Leonard A. Harris, Vito Quaranta, Darren R. Tyson, Carlos F. Lopez
Summary: Thunor is an open-source software platform designed to manage, analyze, and visualize large dose-dependent cell proliferation datasets. It supports both end-point and time-based proliferation assays, providing a user-friendly interface with interactive plots.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sean M. Gross, Farnaz Mohammadi, Crystal Sanchez-Aguila, Paulina J. Zhan, Tiera A. Liby, Mark A. Dane, Aaron S. Meyer, Laura M. Heiser
Summary: In this study, the authors use genetically engineered breast cancer cell lines and computational models to analyze the effects of drugs on specific cell cycle phases and identify effective combination treatments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Konstantin Holzhausen, Lukas Ramlow, Shusen Pu, Peter J. Thomas, Benjamin Lindner
Summary: This paper investigates the interval statistics of stochastic oscillators using the mean-return-time (MRT) phase isochrons and finds that the interphase interval sequence does not exhibit linear correlations. Numerical simulations are conducted on three different models, showing the disappearance of linear correlations when counting rotations by the passage of an MRT isochron. The paper also discusses the implications of removing interval correlations on information transmission, especially in the neural context.
BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tyler S. Barker, Massimiliano Pierobon, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: Information transmission and storage are important concepts in understanding the survival and evolution of biological systems. However, traditional information theory metrics may not be suitable for biological systems, as different pieces of information may have different impacts on survival. This paper explores the discrepancy between classical information theory and biology using a mathematical model and simulation results show that maximizing information efficiency may result in slower growth rates.
Article
Biology
Zhuojun Yu, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: Homeostasis is the phenomenon where a quantity remains approximately constant as a parameter varies. This article explores (infinitesimal) homeostasis for limit-cycle systems by studying the average value of a quantity around the limit cycle. They use singularity theory and the infinitesimal shape response curve to calculate the derivative of the averaged quantity with respect to the control parameter, identifying homeostasis points in the averaging sense.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Alexander Strang, Karen C. Abbott, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: Competitive tournaments are found in various fields and have developed methods for evaluating and ranking competitors. Intransitive tournaments, which contain both cyclic and non-cyclic components, can be accurately described using the discrete Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition (HHD). The HHD naturally emerges from two types of tournaments with simple statistical interpretations, making it a preferred method over others. The traits of competitors play a crucial role in determining their success in competition, and a trait-performance model allows for explicit computation of the degree of intransitivity in the network. Increasing the number of potential competitors promotes cyclic competition, while correlation between performance against different competitors promotes transitive competition.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alexander S. Moffett, Peter J. Thomas, Michael Hinczewski, Andrew W. Eckford
Summary: Quorum sensing is a process through which bacteria regulate gene expression according to their population density. This study uses mathematical modeling to compare quorum sensing with other strategies for controlling production of public goods in small populations of bacteria. The results show that the effects of quorum sensing on bacterial population dynamics depend on the cost of production and the importance of public goods for growth.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
J. D. Shackleton, M. J. Follows, P. J. Thomas, A. W. Omta
Summary: Glacial-interglacial cycles are significant variations in Earth's climate, and the Mid-Pleistocene Transition marks a shift in the dominant periodicity of these cycles. This study suggests that the shift resulted from changes in the strength of positive feedbacks in the climate system, and the cause for the transition may have occurred long before the observed periodicity shift.
Article
Biology
Nicholas W. Barendregt, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: This article introduces a three-species Lotka-Volterra population model that exhibits heteroclinic cycling. Instead of producing a periodic limit cycle, the trajectory takes longer and longer to complete each cycle, approaching unstable fixed points in which one population dominates. Aperiodic heteroclinic dynamics have been studied in various systems such as ecological, immune, and neural models.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Shane A. Bender, David B. Green, Robert J. Daniels, Stephen P. Ganocy, Niloy Bhadra, Tina L. Vrabec
Summary: Electrical conduction block of the vagus nerve was studied to characterize its effects on heart rate dynamics. The results show that complete block and partial block can be achieved using direct current (DC) at different amplitudes. The amplitude of DC was found to significantly predict the induction time for complete block, and the blocking duration and injected charge were significant in predicting the recovery time.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Alexander S. Moffett, Guiying Cui, Peter J. Thomas, William D. Hunt, Nael A. McCarty, Ryan S. Westafer, Andrew W. Eckford
Summary: Using an inference algorithm implemented on a factor graph, the type of ion channel closing can be accurately determined, which is important for studying the impact of mutants or introducing agonists on nucleotide interactions.
BIOPHYSICAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daniel Chen, Alexander G. Strang, Andrew W. Eckford, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: This paper presents a continuous-time formulation of the sum-product algorithm for inferring the conditional probabilities of hidden states in a system. The algorithm, based on finite, discrete-time observations, explicitly solves for the conditional probability of occupying any state given the transition rates and observations within a finite time window.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Shane Riddle, William R. P. Nourse, Zhuojun Yu, Peter J. Thomas, Roger D. Quinn
Summary: This paper presents a computational neuroscience model, called Synthetic Nervous System, for controlling a simulated worm robot. The model is designed to be adaptable with minimal changes to the system. The robot's movement is inspired by earthworm peristalsis, and the stability of the peristaltic wave is analyzed using perturbation Floquet multiplier analysis.
BIOMIMETIC AND BIOHYBRID SYSTEMS, LIVING MACHINES 2022
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Wenhuan Sun, Mengdi Xu, Jeffrey P. Gill, Peter J. Thomas, Hillel J. Chiel, Victoria A. Webster-Wood
Summary: This study develops a bio-inspired simulation environment, GymSlug, based on the feeding behavior model of Aplysia, to train agents using deep reinforcement learning algorithms. The trained agent can produce motor neural control sequences, muscle activities, and feeding apparatus behavior that are similar to behaviors observed in the animal. The agent also demonstrates robustness in adapting to different seaweed environments.
BIOMIMETIC AND BIOHYBRID SYSTEMS, LIVING MACHINES 2022
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Yangyang Wang, Jeffrey P. Gill, Hillel J. Chiel, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: This study analyzes a neuromechanical model of the marine mollusk Aplysia californica and discovers that nonlinear biomechanical properties confer resilience by increasing resistance to applied loads, while sensory feedback primarily contributes to robustness by shifting the timing of neural activation. These findings provide insights into the function of other motor systems encountering changing mechanical loads and hard boundaries.
BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Alberto Perez-Cervera, Benjamin Lindner, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: This paper quantitatively compares the definitions of deterministic phase and stochastic phase, and discusses their characteristics and similarities. The research results can be used to explain the behavior of specific systems.
BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Konstantin Holzhausen, Peter J. Thomas, Benjamin Lindner
Summary: This study defines the phase of stochastic oscillators based on mean return-time (MRT) and derives analytical expressions for isotropic stochastic oscillators. It evaluates the phase results by explicitly evaluating cases from literature and studying their behavior under strong noise conditions. The study also shows that lines of constant return time variance can be defined, which differ from the MRT isochrons in general.