Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bahman Alipour, Tohid Mortezazadeh, Waleed K. Abdulsahib, Asghar Arzhang, Reza Malekzadeh, Bagher Farhood
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, causing numerous deaths each year. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of this tragedy. Nanoparticles, specifically quantum dots, have attracted attention for their superior properties in breast cancer diagnosis. This review discusses the benefits of quantum dots in non-invasive, fast, inexpensive, and precise early breast cancer imaging and detection techniques.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thomas C. Wareing, Piergiorgio Gentile, Anh N. Phan
Summary: Carbon dots are regarded as a solution to the challenges faced by semiconductor quantum dots due to their high biocompatibility and ability to be synthesized from abundant and non-toxic biomass materials. In the biomedical field, biomass-based carbon dots hold great potential for research, especially in terms of synthesis and application, showing promising future development prospects.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Yangzhe Zhou, Min Qi, Minghui Yang
Summary: Clinical impact and principles of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection are systematically summarized in this review. LDH detection is not only correlated with clinical prognostic survival indicators in cancer patients, but also provides guidance for subsequent drug therapy. Additionally, LDH serves as a biomarker for malaria and other diseases. Therefore, the development of sensitive and convenient methods for LDH detection is urgently needed. The review also discusses the advantages, limitations, and future trends in LDH detection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoting Zhang, Hao Su, Hongyan Chen, Qing Li, Xiaodong Liu, Lin Zhang, William Ka Kei Wu, Matthew Tak Vai Chan, Huarong Chen
Summary: This article summarizes the latest findings on the functional significance of RNA modification in GI cancer and discusses the potential therapeutic application of epitranscriptomic inhibitors for cancer treatment.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Munir Pirmohamed
Summary: In this Review, the current state of the pharmacogenomics field is discussed, along with clinically relevant drug-gene associations and the steps required for implementing pharmacogenomics into clinical practice. The role of pharmacogenomics in drug discovery and development is also considered. The variability in drug response between individuals, which can be attributed to genomic factors, is a global concern. Despite the availability and decreasing cost of genotyping technologies, challenges in implementing pharmacogenomics lie in adapting current clinical pathways and addressing the knowledge gap in healthcare professionals. Furthermore, pharmacogenomics shows promise in enhancing drug discovery and development outcomes.
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Susu Fang, Jiayang Li, Kangyu Zou, Honglei Shuai, Laiqiang Xu, Wentao Deng, Guoqiang Zou, Hongshuai Hou, Xiaobo Ji
Summary: This paper systematically introduces the preparation approaches of Zintl phases and Zintl anions to understand the originations of their attractive structures. The recent developments about their applications, especially as precursors for preparing functional materials, are thoroughly summarized. The remaining challenges and perspectives of Zintl phases are also discussed.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Souhaila H. El Moukhtari, Carlos Rodriguez-Nogales, Maria J. Blanco-Prieto
Summary: Oral anticancer drugs play a crucial role in cancer treatment, and lipid nanoparticles are proposed to overcome the main obstacle in oral chemotherapy delivery. Lipid nanoparticles have unique characteristics that allow efficient drug absorption and protection from early degradation.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yasuhiro Endo, Masanori Fujita, Katsunori Ikewaki
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Western countries. Recent epidemiology studies have shown a U-shaped relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and CVD mortality, with increased mortality in patients with extremely high HDL-C levels. HDL-C raising therapy using nicotinic acids or CETP inhibitors has shown limited efficacy in reducing CVD events. As a result, the focus has shifted to evaluating HDL functionality as a novel biomarker for CVD risk. This review provides an overview of the current status and future perspectives on HDL functions, based on findings from basic research and clinical trials.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiexin Li, Haisheng Zhang, Hongsheng Wang
Summary: Post-transcriptional modifications, such as m1A modification, play a crucial role in regulating the behavior and function of RNAs. m1A modification, regulated by writers, erasers, and readers, is reversible and found in various types of RNA. It affects RNA processing, structure, and function, and has been shown to be involved in tumorigenesis.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel de la Fuente, Laura Lombardero, Alfonso Gomez-Gonzalez, Cristina Solari, Inigo Angulo-Barturen, Arantxa Acera, Elena Vecino, Egoitz Astigarraga, Gabriel Barreda-Gomez
Summary: Enzymes have emerged as promising therapeutic tools for various pathologies, offering advantages such as specificity and affinity. However, challenges such as short in vivo half-life and immune system reactions need to be addressed. Monitoring serum immune response during treatment is crucial, with techniques like ELISA and microarrays being utilized. Research is ongoing, including the investigation of potential therapeutic alternatives like using ACE2 for treating COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jiaxin Yong, Yuan Li, Sihan Lin, Zhenning Wang, Yan Xu
Summary: Gastric cancer is a common global cancer, and dysregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway may be related to its development and drug resistance. YAP, as a crucial co-transcription factor, is a potential drug target for treating gastric cancer, and various drugs inhibiting YAP have been developed.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kresimir Pavelic, Sandra Kraljevic Pavelic, Aleksandar Bulog, Andrea Agaj, Barbara Rojnic, Miroslav Colic, Dragan Trivanovic
Summary: Cancer remains a major cause of global mortality, particularly with late-stage metastatic cases that are difficult to treat. Nanotechnology offers potential solutions for improving cancer treatments and developing new therapeutic options with reduced toxicity and enhanced targeted delivery. This review presents and discusses state-of-the-art nanoparticles and nano-formulations for cancer treatment, as well as their limitations in clinical applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yumeng Tian, Lu Xu, Xin Li, Heming Li, Mingfang Zhao
Summary: SMARCA4, a transcription activator, is an ATP-dependent catalytic subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes. It plays a role in regulating chromatin structure and gene expression and is a tumor suppressor in non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). NSCLC patients with SMARCA4 alterations have a poor response to chemotherapy and prognosis. This review summarizes the biological functions of SMARCA4, its role in NSCLC development, and potential therapeutic approaches.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bilal Zulfiqar, Asim Farooq, Shahzina Kanwal, Kashif Asghar
Summary: Lung cancer is a highly prevalent and deadly disease, often diagnosed at advanced stages. Surgery is not an option at this point, so radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of both is used. However, these therapies are often ineffective, necessitating the search for alternative preventive approaches. Targeting the tumor microenvironment has proven to be an effective therapy against lung cancer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maria Agustina Toscanini, Alejandro David Nusblat, Maria Lujan Cuestas
Summary: Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, with clinical manifestations ranging from subclinical to life-threatening. Diagnosis is challenging, with limited sensitivity in current culture and visualization methods. Antigen testing is now included in the WHO Essential Diagnostics List, but there are still limitations and challenges in commercial availability and cross-reactivity with related fungi. New protein antigen candidates produced by DNA-recombinant techniques show promise for standardized and specific reagents in the diagnosis of histoplasmosis.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
