Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alisha Shaikh, Austin A. Wesner, Mohanad Abuhattab, Raman G. Kutty, Priyatha Premnath
Summary: Cell cycle regulators have been found to prevent cancerogenesis by acting as inhibitors or activators, and they also play active roles in differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, and other cellular processes. Recent evidence suggests that they are involved in bone healing/development cascade. Our study showed that deletion of p21, a cell cycle regulator, at the G1/S transition, enhanced bone repair capacity after a burr-hole injury in mice. Similarly, another study demonstrated that inhibition of p27 can increase bone mineral density and bone formation. In this review, we provide a concise overview of cell cycle regulators in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes during bone development and/or healing. Understanding the regulatory processes of cell cycle during bone healing and development is crucial for the development of novel therapies to improve bone healing in aged or osteoporotic fractures.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anthony M. Pettinato, Feria A. Ladha, J. Travis Hinson
Summary: This article reviews the impact of the lack of adult human cardiomyocyte proliferative capacity on cardiac regeneration and summarizes the regulatory mechanisms connecting the human cardiomyocyte sarcomere to cell cycle regulation, aiming to enhance cardiac regeneration by reducing the inhibitory effects of the sarcomere.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sean P. Reuter, Mark H. Soonpaa, Dorothy Field, Ed Simpson, Michael Rubart-von der Lohe, Han Kyu Lee, Arthi Sridhar, Stephanie M. Ware, Nick Green, Xiaochun Li, Susan Ofner, Douglas A. Marchuk, Kai C. Wollert, Loren J. Field
Summary: Genetic analysis found that Tnni3k expression increases cardiomyocyte S-phase activity after injury. This study may help guide the development of therapeutic interventions for cardiac regeneration.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Min Ah Han, Jeong Hwa Jeon, Ji Young Shin, Hee Jung Kim, Ji Soo Lee, Chae Won Seo, Ye Jin Yun, Mi Yun Yoon, Jong Tae Kim, Young Il Yang, Seung Jin Lee
Summary: Strategies for stem cell-based cardiac regeneration and repair, specifically cardiac stem cells (CSCs) and the use of cellular spheroids, have shown promising therapeutic potential for ischemic heart disease. The optimized spheroid culture conditions enhance the expression levels of factors related to cardiac regeneration, leading to improved retention rates and significant cardiac regeneration effects in animal models. Intramyocardial administration of CSC spheroids could serve as an advanced therapeutic modality for enhanced cell engraftment and regenerative abilities in cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vanessa Lowe, Laura Wisniewski, Caroline Pellet-Many
Summary: In zebrafish, the development of the endocardium and coronary vasculature play crucial roles in heart regeneration, with activation of the endocardium supporting cardiomyocyte proliferation and revascularisation acting as a scaffold for regenerating myocardium.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Timothy J. Duerr, Eun Kyung Jeon, Kaylee M. Wells, Antonio Villanueva, Ashley W. Seifert, Catherine D. McCusker, James R. Monaghan
Summary: In this study, a transgenic line of axolotls expressing FUCCI was generated to investigate cell division and cell contribution in regeneration. The results showed widespread expression of FUCCI in developing and adult tissues, which was validated by DNA synthesis and mitosis phase markers. Spinal cord amputation was found to increase cell proliferation at a certain distance from the injury site, and multimodal staining provided cell type information for cycling cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Yayun Gu, Yan Zhou, Sihan Ju, Xiaofei Liu, Zicheng Zhang, Jia Guo, Jimiao Gao, Jie Zang, Hao Sun, Qi Chen, Jinghan Wang, Jiani Xu, Yiqun Xu, Yingjia Chen, Yueshuai Guo, Juncheng Dai, Hongxia Ma, Cheng Wang, Guangfu Jin, Chaojun Li, Yankai Xia, Hongbing Shen, Yang Yang, Xuejiang Guo, Zhibin Hu
Summary: In this study, the authors investigated the development and maturation of the heart by analyzing the phosphoproteome, proteome, metabolome, and transcriptome of mice hearts. They identified mitogen-activated protein kinases as core kinases involved in transcriptional regulation during early cardiogenesis. Furthermore, they discovered a network of transcription factors controlling early cardiogenesis, as well as cardiac resident macrophages clearing injured cardiomyocytes after birth. This comprehensive multi-omics data provides valuable insights into cardiac development and maturation.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Elif Eroglu, John P. Schell, Kenneth R. Chien
Summary: The histone reader PHF7 has been shown to enhance cardiac reprogramming by recruiting the chromatin remodelling SWI/SNF complex and key transcription factors to the cardiac super enhancers, surmounting epigenetic barriers.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lindsay Kraus
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and there is currently no cure. While the adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative abilities, the neonatal heart has a window of regeneration. Studies have shown that neonatal cardiomyocyte regeneration is associated with epigenetic regulation within the heart.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Niall Graham, Guo N. Huang
Summary: The perinatal shift in cardiac metabolism, hormonal status, and proliferative potential involving thyroid hormone and glucocorticoids plays a crucial role in regulating cardiac regeneration.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sadia Ashraf, Heinrich Taegtmeyer, Romain Harmancey
Summary: Transcription factors, specifically NR4A2, play a crucial role in cardiovascular adaptation to stress. Upregulation of NR4A2 in cardiac myocytes is induced by beta-adrenergic stimulation. This study found that overexpression of NR4A2 in mice led to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, left ventricular dilation, heart failure, and death. The activation of NR4A2 also caused a shift in metabolism, disassembly of sarcomeric structures, and reactivation of cell cycle progression in adult cardiac myocytes.
BASIC RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
C. Paul Morris, Raghda E. Eldesouki, Jaiprasath Sachithanandham, Amary Fall, Julie M. Norton, Omar Abdullah, Nicholas Gallagher, Maggie Li, Andrew Pekosz, Eili Y. Klein, Heba H. Mostafa
Summary: The BA.1 subvariant had the highest increase in case numbers and admissions, followed by BA.2.12.1 and BA.5 subvariants. The study found that Omicron subvariants are still associated with a relatively high rate of PCR positivity and hospital admissions. BA.5 infections are more likely to have infectious virus, while BA.2 infections are less likely to have infectious virus, suggesting potential differences in infectivity during the Omicron waves.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sekyu Choi, Bing Zhang, Sai Ma, Meryem Gonzalez-Celeiro, Daniel Stein, Xin Jin, Seung Tea Kim, Yuan-Lin Kang, Antoine Besnard, Amelie Rezza, Laura Grisanti, Jason D. Buenrostro, Michael Rendl, Matthias Nahrendorf, Amar Sahay, Ya-Chieh Hsu
Summary: The study revealed that corticosterone regulates hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) quiescence and hair growth in mice, with chronic stress prolonging HFSC quiescence and maintaining hair follicles in an extended resting phase. The mechanism involves corticosterone suppressing the expression of Gas6 gene through acting on dermal papillae, and restoring Gas6 expression can overcome stress-induced inhibition of HFSC activation and hair growth.
Review
Cell Biology
Shannon Erhardt, Jun Wang
Summary: Neural crest cells are a versatile stem cell population in vertebrates that can migrate and differentiate into various cell types during embryogenesis. While mammalian hearts lose their regenerative capacity shortly after birth, some vertebrate species, like zebrafish, can self-repair/regenerate after cardiac damage. Recent research has shown the potential of cardiac neural crest cells in cardiac regeneration, using different vertebrate species and pluripotent stem cell-derived neural crest cells. This review summarizes the regenerative capacity of the neural crest in various tissues and organs, focusing on the characteristics and roles of cardiac neural crest cells in cardiac regeneration. The article also discusses potential future applications of neural crest cells in disease treatment.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Qiu, Xiang-Ju Liu, Bei-An You, Na Ren, Hong Liu
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Stem cell-based therapies, although promising, face challenges such as low transplantation efficiency. Nanomaterials play a crucial role in improving cardiac repair and regeneration through regulating stem cell differentiation. This study discusses the current status, limitations, and recent advances in nanomaterials used in cardiac therapy, as well as the potential clinical applications and future research directions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuichi Jono, Takashi Kohno, Shun Kohsaka, Hiroki Kitakata, Yasuyuki Shiraishi, Yoshinori Katsumata, Kentaro Hayashida, Shinsuke Yuasa, Seiji Takatsuki, Keiichi Fukuda
Summary: Understanding sex differences in sleep and psychological disturbances is crucial for improving outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. This study found that women with cardiovascular diseases were more likely to experience insomnia and depression, while men were more likely to have sleep disordered breathing. The association between sleep and psychological disturbances may be more pronounced in women.
SLEEP AND BREATHING
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Shinsuke Yuasa, Masayuki Yazawa, Jong-Kook Lee
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ryo Shikimoto, Yasumichi Arai, Shinsuke Yuasa, Yasuyuki Gondo, Saori Yasumoto, Yukiko Abe, Nobuyoshi Hirose
Summary: This study describes the clinical course of the oldest man in the world and observes the health problems he developed in his later years. Despite having no cardiovascular risk factors, he ultimately developed heart failure, potentially due to dysfunction of the renal and electrical conduction systems.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Dai Kusumoto, Shinsuke Yuasa, Keiichi Fukuda
Summary: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are differentiated somatic cells that can differentiate into various cell types. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have enabled the estimation of cell types and states from cellular morphology obtained from simple microscopic images. AI can be utilized for disease-specific drug screening using iPSCs by evaluating disease-specific phenotypes of iPSC-derived cells from label-free microscopic images. In addition, various AI-based methods, such as phenotype prediction using genomic data and virtual screening analyzing compound structures and protein-protein interactions, can be applied to drug development. Combining AI methods may accelerate drug discovery using iPSCs.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rio Nishimoto, Chinatsu Kodama, Hiromi Yamashita, Fumiyuki Hattori
Summary: This study demonstrates the expression of functional protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived keratinocyte-like cells (iKera). Activation of PAR2 in iKera leads to calcium release and the release of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha. The study also indicates crosstalk between the PAR2 and IL-4 inflammatory axes in iKera, suggesting its potential as a drug screening platform for atopic dermatitis.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Teresa Trenkwalder, Mark Lachmann, Lukas Stolz, Vera Fortmeier, Hector Alfonso Alvarez Covarrubias, Elena Rippen, Friederike Schuermann, Antonia Presch, Moritz von Scheidt, Celine Ruff, Amelie Hesse, Muhammed Gercek, N. Patrick Mayr, Ilka Ott, Tibor Schuster, Gerhard Harmsen, Shinsuke Yuasa, Sebastian Kufner, Petra Hoppmann, Christian Kupatt, Heribert Schunkert, Adnan Kastrati, Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz, Volker Rudolph, Michael Joner, Joerg Hausleiter, Erion Xhepa
Summary: This study aims to capture the cardiopulmonary complexity of patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) using a machine-learning (ML)-based phenotyping approach. The study found considerable heterogeneity in cardiac damage among MR patients depending on underlying factors and comorbidities. The ML model identified four phenotypes and correlated them with 5-year outcomes.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Otoya Sekine, Hiroki Kitakata, Shun Kohsaka, Daisuke Fujisawa, Naomi Nakano, Yasuyuki Shiraishi, Yoshikazu Kishino, Yoshinori Katsumata, Shinsuke Yuasa, Keiichi Fukuda, Takashi Kohno
Summary: Shared decision-making is crucial for optimal individual treatment and incorporates clinical evidence and patients' preferences. However, it is unclear how heart failure patients perceive their role in treatment decision-making. A survey was conducted among hospitalized heart failure patients, revealing that most patients preferred and chose an extremely passive approach, giving priority to physician recommendation over their own values and preferences.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jin Komuro, Dai Kusumoto, Hisayuki Hashimoto, Shinsuke Yuasa
Summary: Machine learning, as a subfield of artificial intelligence, is rapidly improving in quality and versatility, playing a critical role in various aspects of social life. In the medical field, it is increasingly used for research and applied in clinical and basic cardiovascular studies.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vera Fortmeier, Mark Lachmann, Matthias Unterhuber, Lukas Stolz, Mohammad Kassar, Laurin Ochs, Muhammed Gercek, Anne R. Schoeber, Thomas J. Stocker, Hazem Omran, Maria I. Koerber, Amelie Hesse, Kai Peter Friedrichs, Shinsuke Yuasa, Tanja K. Rudolph, Michael Joner, Roman Pfister, Stephan Baldus, Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz, Fabien Praz, Stephan Windecker, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp Lurz, Volker Rudolph
Summary: This study aimed to improve prognosis assessment in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI) by relating the extent of TR to pulmonary artery pressures. The study found that patients with a tricuspid valve effective regurgitant orifice area/mean pulmonary artery pressure ratio <= 1.25 mm(2)/mm Hg had significantly lower 2-year survival rates after TTVI compared to patients with a higher ratio. Furthermore, patients with a lower ratio had higher pulmonary artery pressures and more severely impaired right ventricular function.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fumiyuki Hattori
Summary: This paper introduces a novel cell injection method called slow injection to avoid invasive injury during cell administration. By using temperature-sensitive gelatin solution as the cell suspension solution, the contradiction between injection speed and tissue injury can be solved. The slow injection technique allows cardiomyocyte balls to engraft without fibrosis, significantly improving contractile function of the heart. This method could be a crucial advance in cardiac regenerative medicine.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hiroshi Miyama, Yoshinori Katsumata, Mizuki Momoi, Genki Ichihara, Taishi Fujisawa, Jin Endo, Takashi Kawakami, Masaharu Kataoka, Shinsuke Yuasa, Motoaki Sano, Kazuki Sato, Keiichi Fukuda
Summary: This study investigated the frequency and clinical relevance of gene variants related to LDL-C metabolism in patients with early-onset coronary artery disease. One patient had a pathogenic mutation and another had variants of uncertain significance. Genetic testing could help identify hidden risk factors and provide early warnings to relatives.
CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yu Yoshida, Keiko Uchida, Kazuki Kodo, Reina Ishizaki-Asami, Jun Maeda, Yoshinori Katsumata, Shinsuke Yuasa, Keiichi Fukuda, Kenjiro Kosaki, Yusuke Watanabe, Osamu Nakagawa, Hiroyuki Yamagishi
Summary: This study used next-generation sequencing to analyze the genes of a familial case with complex congenital heart disease (CHD). Two rare variants in the NODAL and TBX20 genes were identified and found to affect downstream signaling pathways involved in heart development. These findings suggest that loss-of-function mutations in NODAL and TBX20 may contribute to the etiology of complex CHD associated with single ventricle defects in this family.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuki Hanafusa, Akira Shiraishi, Fumiyuki Hattori
Summary: This study revealed the ATP-sensing ability of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NSCs (iNSCs) primarily via the purinergic and ionotropic receptor P2X7. A machine learning-based screening system was developed to identify neuronal effective substances and their effective doses from food, using ATP-triggered calcium responses of iNSCs pretreated with various substances. The results showed that the machine learning model achieved higher precision in detecting subtle changes in waveforms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shun Hashimoto, Hiroki Kitakata, Shun Kohsaka, Daisuke Fujisawa, Yasuyuki Shiraishi, Naomi Nakano, Otoya Sekine, Yoshikazu Kishino, Yoshinori Katsumata, Shinsuke Yuasa, Keiichi Fukuda, Takashi Kohno
Summary: Understanding patient perspectives and the association with patient-physician communication is crucial for improving multidisciplinary education programs and adherence to self-care in heart failure patients. This study found that patients had high confidence in most self-care behaviors, except for low-salt diet, regular exercise, and flu vaccination. The quality of patient-physician communication was also found to be associated with patient confidence.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hiroki Kitakata, Takashi Kohno, Shun Kohsaka, Daisuke Fujisawa, Naomi Nakano, Yasuyuki Shiraishi, Yoshinori Katsumata, Yuji Nagatomo, Shinsuke Yuasa, Keiichi Fukuda
Summary: The study found that patients with heart failure have positive attitudes towards advance care planning but low actual engagement rates, with a discrepancy between preferences and participation. Patients have different preferences for end-of-life care, and doctors need to consider appropriate care planning methods that align with patients' care goals.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew B. Harvey, Renelyn A. Woltes, Raymond N. Deepe, Hannah G. Tarolli, Jenna R. Drummond, Allison Trouten, Auva Zandi, Jeremy L. Barth, Rupak Mukherjee, Martin J. Romeo, Silvia G. Vaena, Ge Tao, Robin Muise-Helmericks, Paula S. Ramos, Russell A. Norris, Andy Wessels
Summary: This study highlights the importance of SOX9 in the regulation of epicardial cell invasion and emphasizes the role of EPDCs in regulating atrioventricular valve development and homeostasis. It also reports a novel expression profile of Cd109, a gene with previously unknown relevance in heart development.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
MariaSanta C. Mangione, Jinhua Wen, Dian J. Cao
Summary: mTOR, a mechanistic target of rapamycin, is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that plays a fundamental role in nutrient sensing, growth, metabolism, lifespan, and aging. Recent studies have highlighted the regulatory role of mTOR in innate immune responses and its involvement in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, especially in acute inflammation and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This review also discusses mTOR's role in trained immunity, immune senescence, and clonal hematopoiesis, as well as its architecture and regulatory complexes.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Junlin Li, Yajun Gong, Yiren Wang, Huihui Huang, Huan Du, Lianying Cheng, Cui Ma, Yongxiang Cai, Hukui Han, Jianhong Tao, Gang Li, Panke Cheng
Summary: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is closely related to the final infarct size in acute myocardial infarction. Regulatory T cells play an important role in the inflammatory response after AMI, but different subtypes of Tregs have different effects on the injury.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuxin Chu, Yutao Hua, Lihao He, Jin He, Yunxi Chen, Jing Yang, Ismail Mahmoud, Fanfang Zeng, Xiaochang Zeng, Gloria A. Benavides, Victor M. Darley-Usmar, Martin E. Young, Scott W. Ballinger, Sumanth D. Prabhu, Cheng Zhang, Min Xie
Summary: This study demonstrates that administering beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB) at the time of reperfusion can reduce infarct size and preserve cardiac function by activating autophagy and preserving mitochondrial homeostasis, potentially through mTOR inhibition.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
