Article
Microbiology
Jonathan P. P. Jacobs, Venu Lagishetty, Megan C. C. Hauer, Jennifer S. S. Labus, Tien S. S. Dong, Ryan Toma, Momchilo Vuyisich, Bruce D. D. Naliboff, Jeffrey M. M. Lackner, Arpana Gupta, Kirsten Tillisch, Emeran A. A. Mayer
Summary: This study used multi-omics assessment methods to explore the changes in gut microbiome function in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and identified new microbial biomarkers. The findings support the application of integrated assessment of microbial function in IBS research, and contribute to the discovery of novel microbiome-related therapeutic targets.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yi-Lin Liu, Jin-Song Liu
Summary: IBS is a common gastrointestinal disease globally, with current guidelines mainly based on western populations. China, with its large population, has a vast literature on IBS, but linguistic variations have caused these studies to be less known in western medical literature. Research on IBS in the Chinese population can benefit understanding and future studies in this area.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yuxia Liu, Wenhui Li, Hongxia Yang, Xiaoying Zhang, Wenxiu Wang, Sitong Jia, Beibei Xiang, Yi Wang, Lin Miao, Han Zhang, Lin Wang, Yujing Wang, Jixiang Song, Yingjie Sun, Lijuan Chai, Xiaoxuan Tian
Summary: This study analyzed 16S rRNA gene sequencing data from multiple studies and found no significant differences in community structures between IBS and healthy controls at the amplicon sequence variants (ASV) level, but machine learning methods could differentiate IBS patients at the genus level. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis identified 97 biomarkers across all studies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Wenjuan Fan, Xiucai Fang, Chaojun Hu, Guijun Fei, Qiyun Xiao, Yongzhe Li, Xiaoqing Li, Jackie D. Wood, Xuan Zhang
Summary: Immune activation and autoantibodies might play a role in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study aimed to identify serum biomarkers for IBS using HuProt (TM) microarray. The results showed that a combination of autoantibodies could differentiate IBS from healthy controls, but no specific autoantibodies could serve as serum biomarkers for IBS.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens
Summary: This article evaluates the evidence that targeted pathophysiological mechanisms and customized treatments can be an alternative approach to treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors conducted a literature review on the mechanisms and treatments of IBS, identifying various noninvasive clinical tests that can assess the underlying mechanisms responsible for symptom generation. These mechanisms include rectal evacuation disorders, abnormal transit, visceral hypersensitivity or hypervigilance, bile acid diarrhea, sugar intolerances, barrier dysfunction, the microbiome, immune activation, and chemicals released by these mechanisms. The authors also recognized the basic molecular mechanisms contributing to these pathophysiologies, offering opportunities for interventions with medications targeted at specific food components, receptors, and potentially the microbiome. Although the evidence supporting interventions for each mechanism varies, the current state-of-the-art allows for a shift from symptom-based treatment to individualized treatment guided by pathophysiology and clinically identified biomarkers.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Camilleri
Summary: This narrative review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which has a high prevalence in the United States, especially among women and young people. The diagnosis is traditionally based on the positive identification of symptoms related to various syndromes, while treatment methods should be customized based on specific symptoms.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Fadgyas Stanculete, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Octavia Oana Capatina
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder characterized by altered gut-brain interaction and dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Prior studies have shown significant impairments in the health-related quality of life of patients with IBS. Resilience, as a psychosocial ability, plays a crucial role in promoting health and enhancing stress response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher J. Black
Summary: The diagnosis and investigation of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should be based on clinical assessment of symptoms to avoid unnecessary and costly tests. It is important to focus on making a positive diagnosis and consider specific tests, such as serological testing for coeliac disease or faecal calprotectin, based on the patient's presentation. The adoption of a standardized approach to diagnosis and investigation will promote high-quality care for patients with suspected IBS.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan J. Sebastian Domingo
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional bowel disorder with significant impact on patients' daily lives and society's economy. It is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel movements, and its etiology and pathophysiological mechanism are still unknown.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sholpan Omarova, Karem Awad, Verena Moos, Christoph Puening, Greta Goelz, Jorg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Buecker
Summary: This study observed patients with persistent PI-IBS symptoms after C. jejuni infection and found that the epithelial resistance of the colon epithelium was unaltered, but the permeability of HRP increased and some inflammation-related markers were elevated. Therefore, targeting these mechanisms caused by the infection may help reduce sequelae such as PI-IBS.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mais Khasawneh, Orla F. Craig, David J. Gracie, Christopher J. Black, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: The study suggests that diagnosing IBS according to the Rome IV criteria and conducting limited investigation is safe and durable. Among IBS patients, although 1 in 6 were referred again due to gastrointestinal symptoms, missed organic gastrointestinal disease occurred in only 1% of patients.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Das, E. O'Herlihy, F. Shanahan, P. W. O'Toole, I. B. Jeffery
Summary: Alterations in the gut mycobiome were found to be significantly different between patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and control subjects, but not among clinical subtypes of IBS. The mycobiome changes were significantly associated with alterations in the bacteriome and metabolome, but did not show a link with dietary habits. Despite co-variation with bacterial components, the mycobiome presents limited therapeutic and diagnostic potential for IBS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qi Su, Hein M. Tun, Qin Liu, Yun Kit Yeoh, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Francis K. L. Chan, Siew C. Ng
Summary: This study examined the association between gut microbiota and Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) subtypes, and found that there are distinct differences in microbiota composition among different IBS subtypes. The microbial diversity is significantly reduced in IBS-D and IBS-U, but not in IBS-C. The study also identified microbial signatures associated with depression in IBS patients. Factors such as gender, age, and dietary patterns have significant effects on gut microbiota in different IBS subtypes. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized gut microbiome modulation approaches for optimal therapeutic effects in different subtypes of IBS.
Review
Immunology
Ying Gao, Peilun Ding, Junmin Wang, Caiyun Zhang, Guang Ji, Tao Wu
Summary: "Application of Metabolomics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Review" provides an updated overview of metabolomics studies related to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the past 5 years, including clinical studies, animal studies, and traditional Chinese medicine interventions. The review highlights the potential of metabolomics in the diagnosis and treatment of IBS, as well as the role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving IBS.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Pacini, Bo Ahren
Summary: Tirzepatide stimulates both insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness, with stimulation of glucose effectiveness being the prominent process to reduce glucose.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Si -yu Wang, Yu-zhe Zhang, Xiao-han Liu, Xue-ci Guo, Xiao-fang Wang, Feng-tong Han, Yao Zhang, Chang -lin Wang
Summary: In the formalin pain test, the EM-2 analogs EM-2-Me, EM-2-Et, and EM-2-Bu showed significant analgesic effects with reduced tolerance and gastrointestinal side effects. These effects were mediated through central opioid mechanisms, with EM-2-Me possibly involving dynorphin A release and EM-2-Bu directly activating multiple opioid receptors.