Article
Infectious Diseases
Dorcas Maruapula, Natasha O. Moraka, Ontlametse T. Bareng, Patrick T. Mokgethi, Wonderful T. Choga, Kaelo K. Seatla, Nametso Kelentse, Catherine K. Koofhethille, Boitumelo J. L. Zuze, Tendani Gaolathe, Molly Pretorius-Holme, Joseph Makhema, Vlad Novitsky, Roger Shapiro, Sikhulile Moyo, Shahin Lockman, Simani Gaseitsiwe
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of archived RVP-RAMs in people living with HIV and found that both ART-naive and ART-suppressed individuals had RVP-RAMs. The most common RVP-RAM was E138A. Monitoring RVP-RAMs is crucial for effective use of cabotegravir/rilpivirine in this setting.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Shih-Han Hsieh, Fu-Hsien Yu, Kuo-Jung Huang, Chin-Tien Wang
Summary: RT modulates PR activation by affecting Gag-Pol/Gag-Pol interaction. Amino acid substitutions in RT destabilize RT and make it susceptible to PR degradation. LRM mutants exhibit reduced Gag cleavage efficiencies and attenuate the enhancing effect of EFV on Gag cleavage.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Karina Pikalyova, Alexey Orlov, Arkadii Lin, Olga Tarasova, Marcou Gilles, Dragos Horvath, Vladimir Poroikov, Alexandre Varnek
Summary: A new methodology based on generative topographic mapping (GTM) was introduced for predicting the drug resistance of HIV strains. The approach combines high accuracy and interpretability, allowing for visualization and analysis of sequence space and treatment optimization. Several case studies demonstrate the practicality of this method.
Article
Microbiology
Jerry L. Jeffrey, Marty St Clair, Ping Wang, Chunfu Wang, Zhufang Li, Jagadish Beloor, Christine Talarico, Robert Fridell, Mark Krystal, C. Thomas White, Sandy Griffith, Ronald D'Amico, Kimberly Smith, Veerle Van Eygen, Johan Vingerhoets, Kati Vandermeulen, William Spreen, Jan van Lunzen
Summary: The FLAIR study demonstrated the noninferiority of monthly long-acting cabotegravir + rilpivirine compared to daily oral dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine in maintaining virologic suppression.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiangyi Jiang, Boshi Huang, Waleed A. Zalloum, Chin-Ho Chen, Xiangkai Ji, Zhen Gao, Jiaojiao Dai, Minghui Xie, Dongwei Kang, Erik De Clercq, Christophe Pannecouque, Xinyong Liu, Peng Zhan
Summary: Novel diarypyrimidine derivatives were designed based on previously reported HIV-1 NNRTIs BH-11c and XJ-10c to improve antiresistance and drug-like profiles. Compound 12g showed the highest inhibitory activity against wild-type and NNRTI-resistant HIV-1 strains, with EC50 values ranging from 0.024 to 0.0010 μM. Its improved antiresistance profile compared to ETR was explained by MD simulation study and it also showed improved water solubility and other drug-like properties. Compound 12g exhibited promising pharmacokinetics parameters and could be a potential lead compound for new antiretroviral drug development.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Chung, Ling Xu, Pengxin Chai, Junhui Peng, Swapnil C. Devarkar, Anna Marie Pyle
Summary: Group II introns are ribozymes that catalyze self-excision and function as retroelements invading DNA. In this study, cryo-electron microscopy structures were determined for a complete IIc intron maturation as a retroelement, revealing its poised integration into a DNA stem-loop motif. These findings provide insights into the design principles of retroelements and support the hypothesis that group II introns are ancient elements of genetic diversification.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Giavana R. Prucha, Sean Henry, Klarissa Hollander, Zachary J. Carter, Krasimir A. Spasov, William L. Jorgensen, Karen S. Anderson
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of 34 compounds that covalently inhibit reverse transcriptase to overcome the issue of resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Two of these inhibitors demonstrate biochemical, structural, enzyme kinetic, mass spectrometry, and antiviral activity against HIV-1.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Boshi Huang, Tiziana Ginex, F. Javier Luque, Xiangyi Jiang, Ping Gao, Jian Zhang, Dongwei Kang, Dirk Daelemans, Erik De Clercq, Christophe Pannecouque, Peng Zhan, Xinyong Liu
Summary: Two series of new pyridyl-bearing fused bicyclic analogues were synthesized to target the dual-tolerant regions of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-binding pocket and evaluated for their anti-HIV activities. Several compounds showed potent inhibitory effects against HIV-1 strains at low nanomolar levels. Detailed structure-activity relationships and metabolic stability profiles were obtained, providing insights for further structural optimization of HIV-1 inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Carl J. Balibar, Daniel J. Klein, Beata Zamlynny, Tracy L. Diamond, Zhiyu Fang, Carol A. Cheney, Jan Kristoff, Meiqing Lu, Marina Bukhtiyarova, Yangsi Ou, Min Xu, Lei Ba, Steven S. Carroll, Abdellatif El Marrouni, John F. Fay, Ashley Forster, Shih Lin Goh, Meigang Gu, Daniel Krosky, Daniel I. S. Rosenbloom, Payal Sheth, Deping Wang, Guoxin Wu, Matthias Zebisch, Tian Zhao, Paul Zuck, Jay Grobler, Daria J. Hazuda, Bonnie J. Howell, Antonella Converso
Summary: Antiretroviral therapy can inhibit HIV-1 replication but cannot cure the infection due to the persistence of a reservoir in the host genome. Reduction of this reservoir is important for HIV-1 cure. Some nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors have shown selective cytotoxicity against HIV-1 in vitro, but their concentrations required are much higher than approved dosages. By focusing on this secondary activity, researchers have discovered bifunctional compounds called targeted activators of cell kill (TACK) that can kill HIV-1-infected cells at clinically achievable concentrations. These TACK molecules bind to the reverse transcriptase-p66 domain of monomeric Gag-Pol and act as allosteric modulators, promoting dimerization and premature intracellular viral protease activation, leading to death of HIV-1(+) cells. TACK molecules retain potent antiviral activity and selectively eliminate infected CD4(+) T cells, providing a potential immune-independent clearance strategy.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Huiyan Lu, Yuji Komukai, Koto Usami, Yan Guo, Xinyue Qiao, Michiyoshi Nukaga, Tyuji Hoshino
Summary: Chemotherapy for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has made significant progress, although the emergence of drug-resistant variants remains a serious problem. This study obtained the binding structures of six inhibitory compounds with a recombinant protein of the HIV-1 RNase H domain using X-ray crystal analysis. The compounds were found to bind to the catalytic site and coordinate with two divalent metal ions. These findings provide a solid foundation for developing potent inhibitors for HIV-1 RNase H activity.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuan Zong, Yijing Liu, Chenxiao Xue, Boshu Li, Xiangyang Li, Yanpeng Wang, Ji Li, Guanwen Liu, Xingxu Huang, Xiaofeng Cao, Caixia Gao
Summary: In this study, we have improved the editing efficiency of prime editing by engineering the structure of the prime editor and combining it with specific guide RNAs. The optimized prime editor showed significantly increased editing efficiency in plant cells, and when combined with engineered guide RNAs, it resulted in the generation of herbicide-tolerant rice plants.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Maria E. Cilento, Xin Wen, Aaron B. Reeve, Obiaara B. Ukah, Alexa A. Snyder, Ciro M. Carrillo, Cole P. Smith, Kristin Edwards, Claudia C. Wahoski, Deborah R. Kitzler, Eiichi N. Kodama, Hiroaki Mitsuya, Michael A. Parniak, Philip R. Tedbury, Stefan G. Sarafianos
Summary: TDF and ISL are highly potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with different resistance profiles. This study found that ISL is sensitive to the K65R mutation, while TDF is sensitive to the M184V mutation. The sensitivity to these drugs also varies among different HIV subtypes, and the S68G polymorphism may enhance the fitness of drug-resistant mutants in certain genetic backgrounds.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Francesco Saladini, Federica Giammarino, Behnaz A. Hosseini, Alessia Giannini, Adele Boccuto, Filippo Dragoni, Ilaria Vicenti, Robert W. Shafer, Maurizio Zazzi
Summary: In this study, cross-resistance to doravirine was observed in NNRTI-resistant viruses with complex mutational patterns, even in the absence of major IAS-USA doravirine RAMs. Therefore, doravirine resistance may be underestimated in viruses with multiple NNRTI mutations based on the simple IAS-USA reference list. The fold change values correlated well with predicted susceptibility as inferred by Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database and ANRS algorithms.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mijael Rozenszajn, Solange Arazi-Caillaud, Moira Taicz, Rosa Bologna, Andrea Mangano, Paula C. Aulicino
Summary: Baseline genotyping for HIV-1 in vertically infected children is crucial for personalized medicine. Children with PDR require closer monitoring of their first-line ART regimens to prevent early virological failure and resistance accumulation.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Florian Lemaitre, Jennifer Lagoutte-Renosi, Marie-Claude Gagnieu, Francois Parant, Nicolas Venisse, Matthieu Gregoire, Stephane Bouchet, Rodolphe Garraffo, Minh P. Le, Patrice Muret, Emmanuelle Comets, Caroline Solas, Gilles Peytavin, NRS-MIE BIRIDER Study Grp
Summary: This study aimed to describe the DTG and RPV trough plasma concentrations (Cmin) and plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) during maintenance dual therapy. The results showed that virological replication was more frequent in people living with HIV/AIDS with subtherapeutic Cmin.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gabriel Birkus, Rujuta A. Bam, Madeleine Willkom, Christian R. Frey, Luong Tsai, Kirsten M. Stray, Stephen R. Yant, Tomas Cihlar
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Michael O. Clarke, Richard Mackman, Daniel Byun, Hon Hui, Ona Barauskas, Gabriel Birkus, Byoung-Kwon Chun, Edward Doerffler, Joy Feng, Kapil Karki, Gary Lee, Michel Perron, Dustin Siegel, Swami Swaminathan, William Lee
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ivana Mejdrova, Dominika Chalupska, Martin Koegler, Michal Sala, Pavia Plackova, Adriana Baumlova, Hubert Hrebabecky, Eliska Prochazkova, Milan Dejmek, Remi Guillon, Dmytro Strunin, Jan Weber, Gary Lee, Gabriel Birkus, Helena Mertlikova-Kaiserova, Evzen Boura, Radim Nencka
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Michal Sala, Martin Kogler, Pavla Plackova, Ivana Mejdrova, Hubert Hrebabecky, Eliska Prochazkova, Dmytro Strunin, Gary Lee, Gabriel Birkus, Jan Weber, Helena Mertlikova-Kaiserova, Radim Nencka
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2016)
Article
Microbiology
Kirsten M. Stray, Rujuta A. Bam, Gabriel Birkus, Jia Hao, Eve-Irene Lepist, Stephen R. Yant, Adrian S. Ray, Tomas Cihlar
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2013)
Article
Microbiology
Chris Mello, Esmeralda Aguayo, Madeleine Rodriguez, Gary Lee, Robert Jordan, Tomas Cihlar, Gabriel Birkus
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2014)
Article
Microbiology
Eisuke Murakami, Ting Wang, Darius Babusis, Eve-Irene Lepist, Dorothea Sauer, Yeojin Park, Jennifer E. Vela, Robert Shih, Gabriel Birkus, Dimitrios Stefanidis, Choung U. Kim, Aesop Cho, Adrian S. Ray
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2014)
Article
Microbiology
Joy Y. Feng, Guofeng Cheng, Jason Perry, Ona Barauskas, Yili Xu, Martijn Fenaux, Stacey Eng, Neeraj Tirunagari, Betty Peng, Mei Yu, Yang Tian, Yu-Jen Lee, George Stepan, Leanna L. Lagpacan, Debi Jin, Magdeleine Hung, Karin S. Ku, Bin Han, Kathryn Kitrinos, Michel Perron, Gabriel Birkus, Kelly A. Wong, Weidong Zhong, Choung U. Kim, Anne Carey, Aesop Cho, Adrian S. Ray
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2014)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rujuta A. Bam, Gabriel Birkus, Darius Babusis, Tomas Cihlar, Stephen R. Yant
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pavla Perlikova, Radek Pohl, Ivan Votruba, Robert Shih, Gabriel Birkus, Tomas Cihlar, Michal Hocek
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2011)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Petr Naus, Pavla Perlikova, Aurelie Bourderioux, Radek Pohl, Lenka Slavetinska, Ivan Votruba, Gina Bahador, Gabriel Birkus, Tomas Cihlar, Michal Hocek
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Aurelie Bourderioux, Petr Naus, Pavla Perlikova, Radek Pohl, Iva Pichova, Ivan Votruba, Petr Dzubak, Petr Konecny, Marian Hajduch, Kirsten M. Stray, Ting Wang, Adrian S. Ray, Joy Y. Feng, Gabriel Birkus, Tomas Cihlar, Michal Hocek
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2011)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Eve-Irene Lepist, Xuexiang Zhang, Jia Hao, Jane Huang, Alan Kosaka, Gabriel Birkus, Bernard P. Murray, Roy Bannister, Tomas Cihlar, Yong Huang, Adrian S. Ray
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Indrani Rebbapragada, Gabriel Birkus, Jason Perry, Weimei Xing, HyockJoo Kwon, Stefan Pflanz
Article
Veterinary Sciences
J. A. Lawrence, M. K. Huelsmeyer, D. H. Thamm, D. B. Tumas, G. Birkus, I. Kurzman, D. M. Vail
VETERINARY AND COMPARATIVE ONCOLOGY
(2015)