Article
Microbiology
Elodie Ramond, Anne Jamet, Xiongqi Ding, Daniel Euphrasie, Clemence Bouvier, Louison Lallemant, Xiangyan He, Laurence Arbibe, Mathieu Coureuil, Alain Charbit
Summary: The study established a Drosophila melanogaster larvae model for oral S. aureus infection, revealing that S. aureus infection stimulates host immunity and the catalase of S. aureus plays a key role in this complex environment. It is proposed that fly larvae can provide a general model for studying the colonization capabilities of human pathogens.
Article
Microbiology
Teresa Fasciana, Maria Letizia Gargano, Nicola Serra, Elena Galia, Ignazio Arrigo, Maria Rita Tricoli, Orazia Diquattro, Giuseppa Graceffa, Salvatore Vieni, Giuseppe Venturella, Anna Giammanco
Summary: The study found that extracts from albino Grifola frondosa could effectively inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus, reducing the presence of biofilm. This indicates that albino Grifola frondosa extracts could be utilized as functional food and natural additives for food processing control and safety.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yingshan Dong, Xinyu Miao, Yun-Dan Zheng, Jiajia Liu, Qing-Yu He, Ruiguang Ge, Xuesong Sun
Summary: Misuse of antibiotics has caused a serious threat to human health due to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Resistant bacteria exhibit stronger amino acid synthesis and energy storage, while enhancing virulence under iron-restricted stress. This study provides insights into the adaptive mechanisms of bacterial resistance and potential novel drug development for treating drug-resistant bacterial infections.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Amelia C. Stephens, Lance R. Thurlow, Anthony R. Richardson
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between the Agr quorum sensing system and metabolic regulators CcpA and CodY in Staphylococcus aureus, shedding light on their impact on virulence factor expression and providing evidence of indirect regulatory mechanisms.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dan Yang, Shuang Wang, Erchao Sun, Yibao Chen, Lin Hua, Xiangru Wang, Rui Zhou, Huanchun Chen, Zhong Peng, Bin Wu
Summary: This study isolated a temperate bacteriophage vB_Saus_PHB21 and found that its integration into the host MRSA increased the host's capacities of cell adhesion, anti-phagocytosis, and biofilm formation, leading to severe mortalities in infection.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
S. -C. Wong, J. H. -K. Chen, S. Y. -C. So, P. -L. Ho, K. -Y. Yuen, V. C. -C. Cheng
Summary: Gastrointestinal colonization of MRSA may contribute to adverse clinical outcomes and pose an unrecognized burden upon hospital infection control.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Nidhi Satishkumar, Li-Yin Lai, Nagaraja Mukkayyan, Bruce E. Vogel, Som S. Chatterjee
Summary: This study demonstrates that PBP4 is an important mediator of beta-lactam resistance not only in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains but also in MRSA strains. When present together, overexpression of PBP2a and PBP4 can lead to increased beta-lactam resistance, causing treatment complications. Monitoring PBP4-associated resistance in clinical settings and understanding the mechanistic basis of this resistance are important for developing targeted treatments. Additionally, strains with increased PBP4 expression are less pathogenic, indicating a potential trade-off between beta-lactam resistance and virulence.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Brittney D. Gimza, Jessica K. Jackson, Andrew M. Frey, Bridget G. Budny, Dale Chaput, Devon N. Rizzo, Lindsey N. Shaw
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus controls infection by producing extracellular proteases, with aureolysin and staphopain A being essential for hypervirulence.
Review
Microbiology
Laura Barrientos, Noemie Mercier, David Lalaouna, Isabelle Caldelari
Summary: The success of opportunistic human Staphylococcus aureus relies on the production of virulence factors through transcriptional factors, two-component systems, and small regulatory RNAs. High-throughput sequencing technologies have revealed hundreds of potential regulatory RNAs, with sRNAs playing a key role in bacterial physiology and virulence adaptability. These findings highlight the importance of sRNAs in understanding infection processes and raise questions about the interaction between key regulators and the pathways they control.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhimin Bai, Min Chen, Qiaofa Lin, Ying Ye, Hongmei Fan, Kaizhen Wen, Jianxing Zeng, Donghong Huang, Wenfei Mo, Ying Lei, Zhijun Liao
Summary: By extracting feature vectors from protein sequences and using classification tools, MRSA and MSSA were successfully distinguished. MRSA showed high resistance to penicillin and high pathogenic risk. Cross-infection between different types of MRSA was found in Quanzhou, and MRSA in traditional hospitals exhibited increasingly blurred molecular characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
S. Miyakis, S. Brentnall, M. Masso, G. Reynolds, M. K. Byrne, P. Newton, S. Crawford, J. Fish, B. Nicholas, T. Hill, A. M. van Oijen
Summary: The study compared patients with MRSA infection and MSSA infection, finding that MRSA infection was associated with significantly increased inpatient mortality, costs, and hospital length of stay. Key predictors of MRSA infection included date of index admission, comorbidity score, socio-economic disadvantage, and age.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Huilin Zhao, Xiaocui Wu, Bingjie Wang, Li Shen, Lulin Rao, Xinyi Wang, Jiao Zhang, Yanghua Xiao, Yanlei Xu, Jingyi Yu, Yinjuan Guo, Ying Zhou, Baoshan Wan, Chunyang Wu, Liang Chen, Fangyou Yu
Summary: By reconstructing the phylogeny of ST22 MRSA strains from China and global sources, it was found that global ST22 strains can be divided into three clades (I, II, and III). China ST22 strains were primarily found in clade II (IIb and IIc) and also in clade III, indicating different origins of China ST22-MRSA clones. Subclade IIc (SCCmecIVa-t309) strains exhibited particularly strong lethality and invasiveness compared to other dominant MRSA strains. This study highlights the emergence of a highly virulent ST22 MRSA subclade in China.
Article
Immunology
Xinyi Wang, Huilin Zhao, Bingjie Wang, Ying Zhou, Yanlei Xu, Lulin Rao, Wenxiu Ai, Yinjuan Guo, Xiaocui Wu, Jingyi Yu, Longhua Hu, Lizhong Han, Shuying Chen, Liang Chen, Fangyou Yu
Summary: This study characterized six ST8 strains collected from three tertiary hospitals in China, and found that two MRSA strains exhibited similar virulence potential as the epidemic USA300 strain. These findings highlight the need for enhanced surveillance of these highly virulent MRSA strains in China.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
L. Renggli, M. Gasser, C. Pluss-Suard, A. Kronenberg
Summary: Consumption of anti-MRSA antibiotics in Switzerland increased significantly between 2009 and 2019. Factors such as number of MRSA cases, year, hospital type, hospital department, and linguistic region were found to affect consumption. Additionally, the presence of an antibiotic stewardship group and prescription restrictions were associated with lower consumption of anti-MRSA antibiotics.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Le Chen, Zihui Wang, Tao Xu, Hongfei Ge, Fangyue Zhou, Xiaoyi Zhu, Xianhui Li, Di Qu, Chunquan Zheng, Yang Wu, Keqing Zhao
Summary: The two-component signal transduction system graRS plays a crucial role in regulating the antibiotic resistance and virulence of MRSA, with the genes mainly involved in metabolic processes and pathogenesis, as well as being associated with the virulence and infection of S. aureus.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jonathan P. Huggins, Samuel Hohmann, Michael Z. David
Summary: This retrospective cohort study of 703 inpatients with Candida endocarditis found a 16.2% in-hospital mortality rate, with acute and subacute liver failure being the strongest predictor of death. Female sex, transfer from an outside medical facility, aortic valve pathology, hemodialysis, cerebrovascular disease, neutropenia, and alcohol abuse were associated with an increased risk of death, while opiate abuse was linked to a lower risk of death.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Richard R. Watkins, Michael Z. David
INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lauren Dutcher, Kathleen Degnan, Afia B. Adu-Gyamfi, Ebbing Lautenbach, Leigh Cressman, Michael Z. David, Valerie Cluzet, Julia E. Szymczak, David A. Pegues, Warren Bilker, Pam Tolomeo, Keith W. Hamilton
Summary: A provider-targeted intervention implemented in primary care practices can effectively reduce antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections without affecting prescribing for infections that likely require antibiotics.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kathleen O. Degnan, Valerie Cluzet, Michael Z. David, Lauren Dutcher, Leigh Cressman, Ebbing Lautenbach, Keith W. Hamilton
Summary: This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine metrics and provider characteristics associated with inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract diagnoses. The study found that metrics utilizing proportion prescribing for respiratory tract diagnoses for which antibiotics are almost never required and proportion prescribing for any respiratory tract diagnoses were most strongly associated with inappropriate prescribing. Advanced practice providers (APPs) and clinicians with family medicine training, board certification in 1997 or later, and who worked in non-teaching or non-urban practices had higher proportions of inappropriate prescribing. These findings could inform interventions to improve prescribing and track inappropriate prescribing efficiently.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brendan J. Kelly, Selamawit Bekele, Sean Loughrey, Elizabeth Huang, Pam Tolomeo, Michael Z. David, Ebbing Lautenbach, Jennifer H. Han, Matthew J. Ziegler
Summary: The position of patients and wastewater sites is related to the detection of multidrug-resistant organisms in the healthcare environment. Some resistant bacteria are more likely to be detected close to patients, while others are more likely to be detected far from patients.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Muayad Alali, Michael Z. David, Sandra A. Ham, Lara Danziger-Isakov, Jennifer Pisano
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the condition of recurrent febrile neutropenia in pediatric cancer patients, identifying risk factors such as acute myelogenous leukemia, allogeneic stem cell transplant, low lymphocyte count, prior neutropenia, and hypotension. Recurrent fever episodes were associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes, such as admission to the pediatric intensive care unit and higher 30-day mortality, compared to primary fever episodes. Knowledge of these risk factors may lead to early detection and improved treatment approaches for this high-risk group.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Taj Azarian, Eleonora Cella, Sarah L. Baines, Margot J. Shumaker, Carol Samel, Mohammad Jubair, David A. Pegues, Michael Z. David
Summary: Staphylococci producing exfoliative toxins are the main cause of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS). A study investigated an outbreak of SSSS in a neonatal intensive care unit using whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, identifying a particular methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strain. The global distribution of Staphylococcus aureus with lysogenized phi ETA was found to be highly structured, with some strains being methicillin-resistant, indicating that the increased incidence is linked to migration and expansion of existing lineages.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Helen L. Zhang, Brendan J. Kelly, Michael Z. David, Ebbing Lautenbach, Elizabeth Huang, Selamawit Bekele, Pam Tolomeo, Emily Reesey, Sean Loughrey, David Pegues, Matthew J. Ziegler
Summary: The effect of terminal cleaning on SARS-CoV-2 RNA contamination of COVID-19 isolation rooms in an acute care hospital was evaluated. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on 32.1% of room surfaces after cleaning, and the likelihood of contamination increased over time. The prevalence of elevated high-touch surface contamination was lower in terminally cleaned rooms than patient-occupied rooms.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Deverick J. Anderson, Rebekah W. Moehring, Alice Parish, Michael Z. David, Kevin Hsueh, Leigh Cressman, Pam Tolomeo, Tracey Habrock-Bach, Cherie L. Hill, Matthew Ryan, Cara O'Brien, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Elizabeth Dodds Ashley
Summary: The implementation of the CMS SEP-1 process measure is associated with increased diagnosis of sepsis and antibacterial utilization, as well as decreased mortality rate among hospitalized patients.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Helen L. Zhang, Brendan J. Kelly, Michael Z. David, Ebbing Lautenbach, Elizabeth Huang, Selamawit Bekele, Pam Tolomeo, Emily Reesey, Sean Loughrey, David Pegues, Matthew J. Ziegler
Summary: This study prospectively surveyed the contamination of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in staff common areas of an acute-care hospital. It found an increasing prevalence of surface contamination over time. However, adjusting for patient census or community incidence of COVID-19, the proportion of contaminated surfaces did not predict healthcare worker infection on study units.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matthew J. Ziegler, Elizabeth Huang, Selamawit Bekele, Emily Reesey, Pam Tolomeo, Sean Loughrey, Michael Z. David, Ebbing Lautenbach, Brendan J. Kelly
Summary: The study found that the deposition of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces in patient rooms is not related to distance from the patient's bed, but is associated with surface type, disease severity, and the duration of the local pandemic wave.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Valerie O. Baede, Michael Z. David, Arjana Tambic Andrasevic, Dominique S. Blanc, Michael Borg, Grainne Brennan, Boudewijn Catry, Aurelie Chabaud, Joanna Empel, Hege Enger, Marie Hallin, Marina Ivanova, Andreas Kronenberg, Kuntaman Kuntaman, Anders Rhod Larsen, Katrien Latour, Jodi A. Lindsay, Bruno Pichon, Dewi Santosaningsih, Leo M. Schouls, Francois Vandenesch, Guido Werner, Dorota Zabicka, Helena Zemlickova, Harald Seifert, Margreet C. Vos
Summary: This study examined 24 MRSA surveillance programs in 16 countries and found that the current programs rely on heterogeneous data collection systems, which hampers international epidemiological monitoring and research. To harmonize MRSA surveillance, the study suggests improving data integration, establishing central biobanks for MRSA isolates, and expanding surveillance to include skin and soft-tissue infection cases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rebekah W. Moehring, Michael E. Yarrington, Bobby G. Warren, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Erica Atkinson, Allison Bankston, Julia Collucio, Michael Z. David, Angelina E. Davis, Janice Davis, Brandon Dionne, April P. Dyer, Travis M. Jones, Michael Klompas, David W. Kubiak, John Marsalis, Jacqueline Omorogbe, Patricia Orajaka, Alice Parish, Todd Parker, Jeffrey C. Pearson, Tonya Pearson, Christina Sarubbi, Christian Shaw, Justin Spivey, Robert Wolf, Rebekah H. Wrenn, Elizabeth S. Dodds Ashley, Deverick J. Anderson
Summary: This randomized trial evaluated the effect of an opt-out intervention on suspected sepsis in hospitalized adults. The intervention led to a decrease in unnecessary antibiotic use and showed similar outcomes in terms of antibiotic treatment days for patients who continued antibiotic therapy. No evidence of harm was found.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin Bouiller, Michael Z. Z. David
Summary: A systematic literature review was conducted to assess the association between S. aureus genes and outcomes in patients with bone and joint infections. The results showed that PVL genes were associated with poor outcomes in children, while no specific genes were found to have similar associations in adults. Further studies with larger sample sizes and homogeneous patient populations are needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Allison M. Blatz, Michael Z. David, William R. Otto, Xianqun Luan, Jeffrey S. Gerber
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2021)