Article
Immunology
Maria Luana Gaudencio dos Santos Morais, Mayara Gilde Castro Santos, Cecilia Leite Costa, Conceicao Silva Martins, Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitao, Dvison de Melo Pacifico, Carlos Quesada-Gomez, Debora Castelo Branco, Eliane de Oliveira Ferreira, Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
Summary: The study found that the three isolated MLST Clade 2 strains are capable of forming biofilms, with the epidemic strain NAP1/027/ST01 having a significantly higher biofilm biomass compared to the others. There were differences in gene expression among the strains, with the toxigenic strains showing higher expression levels than ICC-45. Epidemic strains were inhibited by VAN and MTZ, while ICC-45 strain was not affected by the same concentrations of antibiotics.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Qiwen Dong, Huaiying Lin, Marie-Maude Allen, Julian R. Garneau, Jonathan K. Sia, Rita C. Smith, Fidel Haro, Tracy McMillen, Rosemary L. Pope, Carolyn Metcalfe, Victoria Burgo, Che Woodson, Nicholas Dylla, Claire Kohout, Anitha Sundararajan, Evan S. Snitkin, Vincent B. Young, Louis-Charles Fortier, Mini Kamboj, Eric G. Pamer
Summary: Clostridioides difficile strains of different virulence levels contribute to varying severity of colitis. This study found that a natural deletion in the cdtR gene attenuates virulence in epidemic ST1 C. difficile isolates without affecting colonization. Distinguishing strains based on the presence of cdtR may improve the specificity of diagnostic tests for C. difficile colitis.
Article
Immunology
Nicole Pecora, Stacy Holzbauer, Xiong Wang, Yu Gu, Samantha Taffner, Trupti Hatwar, Dwight Hardy, Michelle Dziejman, Paige D'Heilly, Kelly Pung, Alice Guh, Xing Qiu, Steven Gill, Ghinwa Dumyati
Summary: The genomic epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in two regions of the United States reveals a diverse strain profile and limited direct transmission.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Songhai Tian, Xiaozhe Xiong, Ji Zeng, Siyu Wang, Benjamin Jean-Marie Tremblay, Peng Chen, Baohua Chen, Min Liu, Pengsheng Chen, Kuanwei Sheng, Daniel Zeve, Wanshu Qi, David T. Breault, Cesar Rodriguez, Ralf Gerhard, Rongsheng Jin, Andrew C. Doxey, Min Dong
Summary: Toxin B (TcdB) is a major exotoxin responsible for diseases associated with Clostridioides difficile infection. This study identifies tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) as a host receptor for TcdB4 and TcdB10 subtypes, and reveals intragenic micro-recombination (IR)-driven changes on receptor specificity among TcdB variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anton Spadar, Joao Perdigao, Susana Campino, Taane G. Clark
Summary: A genome-wide association study revealed 29 potential genes associated with liver invasive and hypervirulent phenotype in Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, further large-scale studies involving more sequence types are needed to identify additional biomarkers for hypervirulence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chris A. Gentry, Riley J. Williams II, Darien Campbell
Summary: A retrospective study on the prevalence of the hypervirulent Clostridioides difficile BI/NAP1/027 strain within the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) showed a decrease from 2017 to 2020, with statistically significant reductions in 4 out of 9 US Census Bureau regions. This indicates a changing trend in the prevalence of this strain within the VHA.
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
GuangYue Yao, Wenjia Wang, Chunhong Shao, Jing Shao, Hui Fan, Yuanyuan Bai
Summary: This study retrospectively investigated NAP1/027 Clostridium difficile infection in a non-epidemic region in China and found that NAP1/027 strains were more prevalent in patients with previous hospitalization and high CRP level. The findings are important for improving the understanding of risk factors and outcomes of NAP1/027 CDI.
JUNDISHAPUR JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Rebecca L. Lindsey, Arjun Prasad, Michael Feldgarden, Narjol Gonzalez-Escalona, Curtis Kapsak, William Klimke, Angela Melton-Celsa, Peyton Smith, Alexandre Souvorov, Jenny Truong, Flemming Scheutz
Summary: Sharing genome sequences allows for the detection of novel gene subtypes and the development of improved detection methods. In this study, publicly available WGS data was used to identify a new Stx subtype in E. coli strains isolated in the USA, as well as other Stx2 subtypes. Analysis of the genome sequences and phage insertion sites revealed variability among different subtypes and their toxicity to cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ming Zhang, Jun Liu, Zhenzhen Yin, Li Zhang
Summary: In this study, the distribution of virulence factors in Bacillus cereus was analyzed based on the analysis of genome and protein sequences. The strains of B. cereus showed clustering tendencies in terms of the protein-coding virulence genes. The evolution of incomplete virulence genes was greater than that of complete genes, and the distances between different complete virulence genes varied. The predicted structures of virulence proteins showed that they are mainly located extracellularly, and Nhe and Hbl proteins have similar spatial structures. The study also found that the beta-tongue and latch regions might play important roles in the binding and formation of virulence structures and pore-forming toxins in B. cereus.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daira Rubio-Mendoza, Carlos Cordova-Fletes, Adrian Martinez-Melendez, Rayo P. Morfin-Otero, Hector Jesus P. Maldonado-Garza, Elvira P. Garza-Gonzalez
Summary: The transcriptomic profile of ribotypes (RT) 001 and 027 associated with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (R-CDI) and not associated with recurrent (NR)-CDI was analyzed to identify genes favoring recurrence. After comparing differentially expressed genes in biofilm and nonadherent cells, as well as between R-CDI and NR-CDI strains, four genes were found to be differentially expressed in biofilm of R-CDI strains. These genes may support biofilm formation and contribute to the recurrence of CDI, but further studies are needed for better understanding.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aniruddha Sasmal, Naazneen Khan, Zahra Khedri, Benjamin P. Kellman, Saurabh Srivastava, Andrea Verhagen, Hai Yu, Anders Bech Bruntse, Sandra Diaz, Nissi Varki, Travis Beddoe, Adrienne W. Paton, James C. Paton, Xi Chen, Nathan E. Lewis, Ajit Varki
Summary: This study presents a simple encoding system for sialyltrisaccharides and utilizes sialoglycan microarray to compare the interactions between bacterial toxin B subunits and sialoglycans. The results reveal the enormous diversity of sialoglycans in structure and recognition preferences.
Article
Fisheries
Xiaoran Zhao, Ruijun Li, Huifeng Dang, Luo Wang, Songzhe Fu, Jun Ding
Summary: This study isolated Bacillus cereus from sea cucumbers in three coastal aquaculture areas in northeastern China, conducted whole genome sequencing and analyzed virulence factors. The findings indicate the urgent need to enhance microbial detection in aquatic products to ensure seafood security in China.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lis Marbjerg, Caroline Louise Stougaard, Sophie-Amalie Gronhoj Sorensen, Amalie Vors Thomsen, Lis Wang, Lise Andersen, Thomas Emil Andersen, Birgitte Kallipolitis, Michael Kemp
Summary: A new online bioinformatic tool was used to retrospectively analyze whole genome sequences of healthcare associated bacteria, revealing three clusters of E. faecium isolates carrying vancomycin resistance genes over a 5-year period, indicating transmission between patients. The system provided SNP analyses to establish relatedness within each cluster, and identified genetic mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics other than vancomycin. The results suggest that the tool is suitable for hospital surveillance of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium without the need for bioinformatic expertise.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claude Pasquier, Alain Robichon
Summary: Recent research reveals the presence of abundant viral small interference and micro RNAs in mammals, indicating their contribution to host responses and viral replication. The study explores the theoretical possibility of RNAi triggered by SARS-CoV-2 degrading host transcripts, and computational analysis shows complementary pairing between viral RNA and human transcriptome.
Article
Microbiology
Pawel Kwiatkowski, Helena Masiuk, Agata Pruss, Lukasz Lopusiewicz, Monika Sienkiewicz, Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko, Paulina Roszkowska, Jacek Bania, Sebastian Guenther, Barbara Dolegowska
Summary: The study found high clonal relatedness, diversified gene distribution, and good susceptibility to antimicrobial agents in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cut wound infections in non-related community patients.
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
H. A. Shaw, M. D. Preston, K. E. W. Vendrik, M. D. Cairns, H. P. Browne, R. A. Stabler, M. J. T. Crobach, J. Corver, H. Pituch, A. Ingebretsen, M. Pirmohamed, A. Faulds-Pain, E. Valiente, T. D. Lawley, N. F. Fairweather, E. J. Kuijper, B. W. Wren
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jayshree Dave, John Paul, Thomas Joshua Pasvol, Andy Williams, Fiona Warburton, Kevin Cole, Victoria Fotini Miari, Richard Stabler, David W. Eyre
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ronan M. Doyle, Denise M. O'Sullivan, Sean D. Aller, Sebastian Bruchmann, Taane Clark, Andreu Coello Pelegrin, Martin Cormican, Ernest Diez Benavente, Matthew J. Ellington, Elaine McGrath, Yair Motro, Thi Phuong Thuy Nguyen, Jody Phelan, Liam P. Shaw, Richard A. Stabler, Alex van Belkum, Lucy van Dorp, Neil Woodford, Jacob Moran-Gilad, Jim F. Huggett, Kathryn A. Harris
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2020)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Ioana D. Olaru, Evelina Tacconelli, Shunmay Yeung, Rashida A. Ferrand, Richard A. Stabler, Heidi Hopkins, Alexander M. Aiken, Katharina Kranzer
Summary: Studies have shown an increased risk of antimicrobial resistance in people living with HIV across various bacterial pathogens and drug classes, emphasizing the need for more research on antimicrobial resistance in this population.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gathoni Kamuyu, Yat Suen Cheng, Sam Willcocks, Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong, Pattarachai Kiratisin, Peter W. Taylor, Brendan W. Wren, Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai, Richard A. Stabler, Jeremy Brown
Summary: The study suggests that inducing antibody responses to protein antigens can enhance immune recognition and protection against diverse A. baumannii strains, supporting their use as antibody therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fauzy Nasher, Aidan J. Taylor, Abdi Elmi, Burhan Lehri, Umer Z. Ijaz, Dave Baker, Richard Goram, Steven Lynham, Dipali Singh, Richard Stabler, David J. Kelly, Ozan Gundogdu, Brendan W. Wren
Summary: RrpA and RrpB play important roles in the survival of Campylobacter jejuni under redox stress. RrpA positively regulates mdaB, which contributes to protection from redox stress, while RrpB negatively regulates cj1555c (renamed nfrA), which encodes a flavin reductase.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Harry Pickering, John D. Hart, Sarah Burr, Richard Stabler, Ken Maleta, Khumbo Kalua, Robin L. Bailey, Martin J. Holland
Summary: Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin increases carriage of macrolide-resistant bacteria, but has limited impact on clinically relevant bacteria. However, increased abundance of enteropathogenic Escherichia species after treatment requires further investigation.
Article
Immunology
Matas Griskaitis, Luis Furuya-Kanamori, Kasim Allel, Richard Stabler, Patrick Harris, David L. Paterson, Laith Yakob
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether the temporal dynamics of resistance emergence at the individual-patient level were predictable for specific pathogen-drug classes. It was found that beta-lactam-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae peaked 4 days after treatment completion. The decline of resistance was slower compared to its emergence, returning to preexposure levels 1 month after treatment. Based on this finding, resistance surveillance should target this temporal peak.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Andrew Mead, Candice Billon-Lotz, Rikke Olsen, Ben Swift, Pascal Richez, Richard Stabler, Ludovic Pelligand
Summary: This study found no significant difference in colistin resistance between commensal E. coli strains and APEC strains. The study also discovered that the colistin MIC values of APEC were significantly lower than those of commensal strains.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Niamh Holohan, Maximilian Wallat, Thi Hai Yen Luu, Eleanor Clark, Duong Thi Quy Truong, Sinh Dang Xuan, Hue Thi Kim Vu, Dung Van Truong, Hoang Tran Huy, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Son Thi Thanh Dang, Richard A. Stabler
Summary: High levels of non-typhoidal salmonella and antimicrobial resistance were found in pork in Vietnam, with particular concern for colistin resistance. MDR strains were most common in slaughterhouses and supermarkets, while traditional markets and convenience stores had the lowest levels. Boutique stores had high levels of MDR isolates.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Gathoni Kamuyu, Giuseppe Ercoli, Elisa Ramos-Sevillano, Sam Willcocks, Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong, Pattarachai Kiratisin, Peter W. Taylor, Brendan W. Wren, Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai, Richard A. Stabler, Jeremy S. Brown
Summary: The complement system plays an important role in the defense against bacterial infections, but different strains of A. baumannii show variations in their sensitivity to the complement system. These differences are partially independent of capsule composition or size, and variations in serum resistance among strains are not solely determined by MAC formation on bacterial surfaces.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Arnone Nithichanon, Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong, Hudadini Da-oh, Sirithorn Surajinda, Aranya Khongmee, Surathinee Koosakunwat, Brendan W. Wren, Richard A. Stabler, Jeremy S. Brown, Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
Summary: This study compared clinical outcomes of patients infected with A. baumannii versus A. nosocomialis in Northeast Thailand, revealing similar mortality rates of over 30% for both pathogens, indicating significant community exposure to these bacteria.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Fauzy Nasher, Burhan Lehri, Megan F. Horney, Richard A. Stabler, Brendan W. Wren
Summary: The study reveals a new host-pathogen interaction between Campylobacter jejuni and Acanthamoebae, confirming that amoebae play a crucial role in the persistence, adaptability, and potential transmission of C. jejuni.
Article
Dermatology
Ketaki Bhate, Kathryn E. Mansfield, Sarah-Jo Sinnott, David J. Margolis, Elizabeth Adesanya, Nick Francis, Clemence Leyrat, Susan Hopkins, Richard Stabler, Laura Shallcross, Sinead M. Langan, Rohini Mathur
Summary: This study investigated the use of oral antibiotics for moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris using primary care data. It was found that 44.5% of individuals received long-term oral antibiotic treatment, with a median of four continuous courses per person. Further research is needed to understand the consequences of using antibiotics for shorter periods.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ioana D. Olaru, Rashida A. Ferrand, Mutsawashe Chisenga, Shunmay Yeung, Bruce Macrae, Prosper Chonzi, Richard A. Stabler, Heidi Hopkins, David Mabey, Kudzai P. E. Masunda, Katharina Kranzer
Summary: The study identified an association between HIV infection and ESBL-producing E. coli in patients with UTI symptoms, suggesting a higher likelihood of infection with ESBL-producing organisms and increased resistance to antimicrobials among HIV-infected individuals.
JAC-ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2021)