Article
Pediatrics
Venkatakrishna B. Kakkilaya, Heather M. Weydig, William E. Smithhart, Shelly D. Renfro, Kristi M. Garcia, Cari M. Brown, Henry He, Sheron A. Wagner, Glenn C. Metoyer, L. Steven Brown, Vishal S. Kapadia, Rashmin C. Savani, Mambarambath A. Jaleel
Summary: Implementation of a quality improvement bundle including CPAP optimization and less invasive surfactant administration decreased CPAP failure and need for MV in preterm infants, especially effective for infants <= 29 weeks' gestational age and showing more significant effects in infants 23 to 26 weeks and 27 to 29 weeks' GA.
Article
Pediatrics
Yasemin Ezgi Kostekci, Emel Okulu, Batuhan Bakirarar, Elvis Kraja, Omer Erdeve, Begum Atasay, Saadet Arsan
Summary: This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of extremely preterm infants who received NCPAP or NIPPV as an initial treatment of RDS. The results showed that NIPPV as an initial treatment is non-inferior to NCPAP in extremely preterm infants with RDS. Although there were no differences in intubation rate in the first week, mortality, and BPD between the groups, further studies are needed and the synchronization of NIPPV should be evaluated.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
S. K. Samim, Pradeep Kumar Debata, Anita Yadav, Jogender Kumar, Pratima Anand, Mehak Garg
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of RAM cannula and short binasal prongs (SBP) in providing CPAP to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. The results showed that there was no significant difference in CPAP failure rates between the RAM cannula and SBP groups. However, the RAM cannula group had less nasal trauma and shorter duration of CPAP.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Arash Malakian, Mohammad Reza Aramesh, Mina Agahin, Masoud Dehdashtian
Summary: In this study, DUOPAP did not reduce the need for mechanical ventilation within the first 72 hours of birth compared to NCPAP. However, the duration of non-invasive ventilation, oxygen demand, need for multiple doses of surfactant, and length of stay in the DUOPAP group were less than those in the CPAP group.
Article
Pediatrics
Meryl Vedrenne-Cloquet, Sonia Khirani, Lucie Griffon, Charlotte Collignon, Sylvain Renolleau, Brigitte Fauroux
Summary: NIPPV is more effective than CPAP in reducing respiratory effort in infants with severe acute bronchiolitis. Both clinically and physiologically, NIPPV can significantly reduce respiratory effort and improve other indicators compared to CPAP.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Valentina Dell'Orto, Stefano Nobile, Alessio Correani, Paolo Marchionni, Ilaria Giretti, Clementina Rondina, Ilaria Burattini, Maria L. Palazzi, Virgilio P. Carnielli
Summary: Early CPAP and surfactant replacement are effective treatments for neonatal RDS, with CPAP being the first line in preterm infants. This study found that a FiO2 >= 0.23 between 180 and 240 minutes of life was strongly associated with CPAP-F in preterm infants with RDS.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Jie Li, Long Chen, Yuan Shi
Summary: NHFOV reduces the intubation rate compared to NCPAP in preterm infants with RDS. Future research should evaluate if NHFOV can lower the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and intubation rate in preterm infants with BPD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shravani Maram, Srinivas Murki, Sidharth Nayyar, Sandeep Kadam, Tejo Pratap Oleti, Rajendra Prasad Anne, Saikiran Deshobhotla, Deepak Sharma, Subhash Arun, Praveen Rao Vadije
Summary: The study results demonstrate that in neonates with respiratory distress, the use of RAM cannula with Cannulaide for nCPAP support reduces the incidence of nasal injury without increasing the need for mechanical ventilation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisa Ceriani, Annalisa Pitino, Dejan Radovanovic, Emanuele Salvi, Maddalena Matone, Thomas Teatini, Antonio Gidaro, Giovanni Tripepi, Pierachille Santus, Mercedes Gori, Chiara Cogliati
Summary: CPAP support can be a feasible therapeutic option for elderly patients with COVID-19, although its effectiveness is reduced in cases of severe respiratory impairment, high frailty, or delirium occurrence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Prema Subramaniam, Jacqueline J. Ho, Peter G. Davis
Summary: Prophylactic or very early nasal CPAP in preterm infants may reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, death, and mechanical ventilation compared to other respiratory support methods. There is insufficient evidence to determine differences between prophylactic and very early CPAP.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Pierre Tourneux, Thierry Debillon, Cyril Flamant, Pierre-Henri Jarreau, Benjamin Serraz, Isabelle Guellec
Summary: In moderate-to-late preterm infants, the combination of singleton pregnancy, lower Apgar score at 10 min, and FiO2*PEEP > 1.50 at 3 h can predict early CPAP failure with increased accuracy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Hua Liu, Haiping Feng, Yao Zhang, Li Zhang
Summary: Compared to NCPAP, NIPPV can reduce the incidence of intubation, BPD, and mortality in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). These conclusions need to be confirmed via high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
TRANSLATIONAL PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Nada Mohsen, Nehad Nasef, Mohamed Elkhouli, Mohab Ghanem, Allison Dalby, Eugene Woojin Yoon, Emer Finan, Prakesh S. Shah, Adel Mohamed
Summary: This study aimed to identify the predictors of successful first trial off nCPAP in newborns. The study found that gestational age, birth weight, female gender, and specific oxygen saturation histogram in the preceding 24-hour period were significantly associated with successful trial off nCPAP.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Benjamin W. Ackermann, Daniel Klotz, Roland Hentschel, Ulrich H. Thome, Anton H. van Kaam
Summary: High-frequency ventilation (HFV) is a respiratory support mode that has been used for over 30 years in neonates. It can effectively restore lung function and potentially limit ventilator-induced lung injury. Understanding how HFV works and its clinical application is crucial for its optimal and safe use. This article presents important aspects of HFV, including gas exchange, lung-protective concepts, clinical use, and possible adverse effects. It also discusses the use of HFV in respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants and respiratory failure in term neonates.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lana Khalid, Said al-Balushi, Nandita Manoj, Sufyan Rather, Heather Johnson, Laura Strauss, Sourabh Dutta, Amit Mukerji
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate whether the initial pressure level on high continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) affects short-term clinical outcomes in preterm neonates. The results showed that using initial distending CPAP pressures 2 to 3 cm H (2) O higher than preextubation Paw did not alter the primary outcome of failure but did lower the risk of reintubation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Jole Costanza, Margherita Camanni, Maria Maddalena Ferrari, Valentina De Cosmi, Silvia Tabano, Laura Fontana, Tatjana Radaelli, Giulia Privitera, Daniela Alberico, Patrizia Colapietro, Silvia Motta, Silvia Sirchia, Tamara Stampalija, Chiara Tabasso, Paola Roggero, Fabio Parazzini, Fabio Mosca, Enrico Ferrazzi, Silvano Bosari, Monica Miozzo, Carlo Agostoni
Summary: In a study of 503 women with uncomplicated pregnancies, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG), and placental weight were found to be independently correlated with neonatal birth weight. However, maternal nutrition during pregnancy was not found to be associated with birth weight.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Correction
Nursing
Elena Nicoletta Bezze, Daniela Morniroli, Martina Farneti, Patrizio Sannino, Roberto Marinello, Maria Enrica Bettinelli, Germana Santini, Laura Plevani, Paola Marchisio, Fabio Mosca, Maria Lorella Gianni
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC NURSING-NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN & FAMILIES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luling Lin, Greg D. Gamble, Caroline A. Crowther, Frank H. Bloomfield, Massimo Agosti, Stephanie A. Atkinson, Augusto Biasini, Nicholas D. Embleton, Mary S. Fewtrell, Fernando Lamy-Filho, Christoph Fusch, Maria L. Gianni, H. Gozde Kanmaz Kutman, Winston Koo, Ita Litmanovitz, Colin Morgan, Kanya Mukhopadhyay, Erica Neri, Jean-Charles Picaud, Niels Rochow, Paola Roggero, Atul Singhal, Kenneth Stroemmen, Maw J. Tan, Francesco M. Tandoi, Claire L. Wood, Gitte Zachariassen, Jane E. Harding
Summary: Supplementation with neonatal nutritional supplements may not alter cognitive function or metabolic risk in later life, but it may improve early motor development, especially in girls.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Cristiano Termine, Linda Greta Dui, Laura Borzaga, Vera Galli, Rossella Lipari, Marta Vergani, Valentina Berlusconi, Massimo Agosti, Francesca Lunardini, Simona Ferrante
Summary: A cross-sectional study compared the effects of social distancing and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 lockdown on children and adolescents with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs). Results showed that NDDs significantly impacted remote learning, sociality, scolding, and anxiety levels. There was agreement between parents and children regarding remote learning, lifestyle, and scolding. This study highlights the importance of supportive strategies for youth with NDDs during periods of lockdown.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Dario Gallo, Ilia Bresesti, Angela Bossi, Donatella Lissoni, Antonella Cromi, Maria Luisa Tataranno, Lorenza Bertu, Fabio Ghezzi, Massimo Agosti
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the rate of intracranial injuries assessed by cranial ultrasound (cUS) among infants born by vacuum extraction, and the relationship with maternal and perinatal factors. The results showed that major head injuries occurred in 2% of the infants, with a rate of intracranial haemorrhage of 1.7%. The risk of cranial injury was increased in infants requiring resuscitation at birth, admitted to NICU, or with perinatal asphyxia. Maternal age >40 years was also associated with adverse perinatal outcomes and the occurrence of major injury.
PEDIATRICS AND NEONATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Erika M. M. Edwards, Lucy T. T. Greenberg, Jeffrey D. D. Horbar, Luigi Gagliardi, Mark Adams, Angelika Berger, Sara Leitao, Karen Luyt, Danielle E. Y. Ehret, Jeannette A. A. Rogowski
Summary: Based on observations of infants in Austria, Ireland, Italy, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA, it was found that postmenstrual discharge age and weight increased in some countries but not all. The processes of care at discharge did not change in conjunction with the increases in age and weight.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Chiara Morreale, Cristina Giaroni, Andreina Baj, Laura Folgori, Lucia Barcellini, Amraj Dhami, Massimo Agosti, Ilia Bresesti
Summary: Antibiotic therapy is crucial for treating bacterial infections, but its excessive use, especially during the perinatal period, can have long-lasting negative effects on human health. This includes the spread of antibiotic resistance and disruptions to the gut microbiota, which are detrimental to the health of infants. This review summarizes recent evidence on how antibiotic treatment influences the neonatal gut microbiota and discusses potential microbiome-based approaches for restoring a healthy microbiota in newborns.
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Andrea Poscia, Milena Lo Giudice, Luigi Nigri, Vanessa Perone, Rocco Russo, Ilia Bresesti, Massimo Agosti
Summary: In the Italian vaccination schedule, multiple vaccination appointments are required in the first year, causing discomfort for patients and parents. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in missed appointments. The UK experience with combining multiple vaccines in a single appointment showed positive results, but implementing this in Italy would be challenging due to organizational and social issues.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Carlo Dani, Martina Ciarcia, Vittoria Barone, Mariarosaria Di Tommaso, Federico Mecacci, Lucia Pasquini, Simone Pratesi
Summary: The severity of meconium-stained amniotic fluid during labor is independently correlated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Evaluating and grading meconium-stained amniotic fluid can help predict the condition of term infants and ensure immediate and proper neonatal care.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pasqua Anna Quitadamo, Federica Zambianco, Giuseppina Palumbo, Massimiliano Copetti, Maria Assunta Gentile, Antonio Mondelli
Summary: The use of mothers' own milk for premature babies has increased over the years, resulting in improved growth and better outcomes. The availability of mothers' milk and the start of minimal enteral feeding showed positive trends. There was no statistical difference in weight gain between infants fed with maternal milk and bank milk. Maternal age, early-start feeding with maternal milk, and low gestational age had significant impacts on milk feeding at discharge.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Giorgio Graziano, Veronica Notarbartolo, Walter Priano, Carmelo Massimo Maida, Vincenzo Insinga, Grazia Rinaudo, Arianna Russo, Roberta Palermo, Francesco Vitale, Mario Giuffre
Summary: Surveillance of MDRO carriage in NICUs is crucial for limiting the social and economic burden of HAIs. The study found a significant decrease in MDR-Gram-negative bacteria carriage prevalence during the pandemic period, but a general worsening in the carriage of carbapenemase-forming MDR-GNB and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Article
Pediatrics
Marco Pensabene, Maria Sergio, Fabio Baldanza, Francesco Grasso, Gregorio Serra, Benedetto Spataro, Roberta Bonfiglio, Maria Patti, Valentina Maggiore, Chiara Cambiaso, Mario Giuffre, Giovanni Corsello, Marcello Cimador, Maria Rita Di Pace
Summary: Primary buried penis is caused by a penile ligaments anomaly and its ability to reach a normal length is unclear. We evaluated 49 patients post-operatively after one year and found that a normal penile length was observed in most pre-pubertal patients, but not in higher PH stages where micropenis was detected. It is suggested that primary buried penis should be considered as an incomplete manifestation of micropenis due to growth slowdown in late puberty.
Article
Pediatrics
Lorenzo Zanetto, Francesco Cavallin, Nicoletta Doglioni, Benedetta Bua, Sandro Savino, Giuseppe De Bernardo, Simone Pratesi, Paolo Ernesto Villani, Gary M. Weiner, Daniele Trevisanuto
Summary: Participants in a simulation competition on neonatal resuscitation expressed satisfaction with the educational experience and believed that it improved their knowledge and self-confidence. Suggestions for improvement include more time for familiarization and better communication between judges and participants.
Review
Pediatrics
Claudio Migliori, Marta Braga, Virginia Siragusa, Maria Cristina Villa, Livio Luzi
Summary: This narrative non-systematic review discusses the sex-specific differences observed during the prenatal period and early childhood. Gender influences the type of birth and related complications. The review evaluates the risk of preterm birth, perinatal diseases, and differences in efficacy for medical treatments and prevention programs. Despite the disadvantages faced by male newborns, physiological changes during growth and social, demographic, and behavioral factors can reverse the prevalence of certain diseases. Hence, further research specifically targeting neonatal sex differences is needed to improve medical care and prevention programs.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Correction
Immunology
Chiara Azzari, Ilia Bresesti, Massimo Agosti, Silvia Bressan, Desiree Caselli, Salvatore Cazzato, Marta Ciofi degli Atti, Liviana Da Dalt, Enrico Felici, Maria Lucia Furnari, Silvia Garazzino, Eloisa Gitto, Marcello Lanari, Davide Perosa, Emanuela Piccotti, Silvia Ricci, Alessandro Rocca, Vittorio Romagnoli, Vincenzo Tipo, Sandra Trapani, Laura Travan, Martina Vardabasso, Pier Luigi Vuilleumier
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)