Article
Engineering, Civil
Cheng Lu, Jingyu Chen, Chuan Gu, Jun Wang, Yuanqiang Cai, Tingting Zhang, Gang Lin
Summary: The study investigated the behavior of unbound recycled concrete aggregate and recycled clay masonry blends under traffic loadings, and found that the RCM content has a significant impact on properties such as particle breakage, resilient modulus, and permanent deformation.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jongmuk Won, Erol Tutumluer, Yong-Hoon Byun
Summary: This study proposes a physics-based modeling approach to predict the deformation behavior of aggregates in pavements. By using a two-surface plasticity theory and repeated load triaxial tests, the model accurately describes aggregates with low-level permanent strain and enables the assessment of yield surface, long-term shear strain, and path-dependent resilient modulus.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Samuel Olamide Aregbesola, Jongmuk Won, Seungjun Kim, Yong-Hoon Byun
Summary: This study introduces a new framework for predicting the permanent strain of unbound aggregates using machine learning models. Six optimal features are selected to accurately predict the permanent strain.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chong Wang, Cyrille Chazallon, Peng Jing, Pierre Hornych, Benjamin Latour
Summary: In this study, the self-cementing properties, permanent deformation, and resilient deformation behavior of two recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) with different self-cementing properties were investigated after different curing times. The results showed that the self-cementing properties significantly improved the mechanical behavior of RCA, comparable to lightly treated materials. The permanent strains of RCA with strong self-cementing properties decreased quickly after 180 days of curing and then stabilized. On the other hand, curing had no influence on the mechanical behavior of RCA with negligible self-cementing properties.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jongmuk Won, Erol Tutumluer, Yong-Hoon Byun
Summary: The objective of this study is to propose a machine learning-based framework for predicting the permanent strain accumulation of unbound aggregates. The framework combines material properties, stress states, and shear strength characteristics of 15 crushed aggregates to develop five different machine learning models. The numerical results show that all five models have good performance and can accurately predict permanent strain accumulation, with the extreme gradient boosting model outperforming the others.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ali Alnedawi, Bidur Kafle, Saad Ullah, William Kerr
Summary: The study evaluated using non-standard UGM as pavement granular materials, found it performed well in terms of permanent deformation and resilient modulus, suggesting it could be a sustainable alternative to conventional materials. Regression models for PD and MR improved prediction accuracy, with MEPDG model successfully predicting MR for Australian pavement design method.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ali Alnedawi, Kali Prasad Nepal, Riyadh Al-Ameri
Summary: This study investigated the influence of loading frequencies on the permanent deformation of UGMs, using RLTT to test the impact of three frequencies (0.2, 0.33, and 0.5 Hz) on basalt and granite. The experimental results showed that these loading frequencies had minimal effect on the tested materials under specific conditions, suggesting that increasing frequency could significantly reduce the testing duration of RLTT. By utilizing regression and ANN modelling, it was found that loading frequency only accounted for 3% of the importance on the PD of the tested UGMs compared to other factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mohammad Shafiqur Rahman, Sigurdur Erlingsson, Abubeker Ahmed
Summary: This study modified a permanent deformation (PD) model for unbound granular materials (UGMs) in pavements to better suit field conditions and software applications. The model was calibrated and validated using multi-stage repeated load triaxial tests for UGMs with different moisture contents, and showed improved predictions compared to existing models.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christina Plati, Maria Tsakoumaki, Konstantinos Gkyrtis
Summary: The mechanical behavior and deformation characteristics of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in unbound pavement layers are not fully understood. This study investigates the performance of RAP in unbound pavement layers through laboratory tests and comparative analysis. The results show that mixing RAP with virgin aggregates in non-bound layers can meet the sustainability requirements of pavement materials and structures without compromising pavement strength.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenjun Hua, Qunding Yu, Yuanjie Xiao, Wenqi Li, Meng Wang, Yuliang Chen, Zhiyong Li
Summary: Existing regression models for unbound granular materials (UGMs) fail to consider the complexity of plastic deformation accumulation behavior influenced by factors other than the number of loading cycles and stress levels. In this study, an artificial-neural-network (ANN)-based prediction model was developed, which outperformed previously published regression models in accuracy and reliability. The two major factors influencing the magnitude of accumulated plastic deformation were the shear stress ratio and the number of loading cycles.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuanjie Xiao, Xiaoming Wang, Qunding Yu, Juanjuan Ren, Wenjun Hua, Ralina Mustafina, Fuguang Zhang, Huaiping Feng, Tongwen Zhang
Summary: This study used virtual monotonic triaxial compression tests to reveal the micromechanical mechanisms and evolution characteristics of Unbound Permeable Aggregate Base (UPAB) materials, and found that specimens with a G/S value of 1.8 performed the best.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Farshid Maghool, Muditha Senanayake, Arul Arulrajah, Suksun Horpibulsuk
Summary: With the scarcity of virgin quarried materials, this research focuses on optimizing the usage of recycled materials like recycled glass, crushed brick, and crushed concrete in pavement base/sub-base applications. Results suggest that incorporating up to 15% recycled glass in triple blends with crushed brick and crushed concrete could be feasible while maintaining acceptable performance, with potential to increase this percentage to 30% pending further field testing.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bailin Li, Fei Luo, Xihui Ai, Xiaoya Li, Li Li
Summary: This study investigated the impact of nanosilica on the properties of unbound granular materials, finding that the addition of nanosilica can increase the elastic modulus and shear strength, but decrease ductility. The maximum improvement rate was observed at 3.5% nanosilica content.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengfei Wu, Jihe Zhao, Jiaxu Jin
Summary: The method of filling mining is crucial for addressing the issue of surface subsidence caused by coal mining. This study used compressive strength as the research parameter to investigate the proportioning test of paste filling materials such as coal gangue, fly ash, and cement. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the practice of filling mining and are of significant importance for its further promotion.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Marit Fladvad, Sigurdur Erlingsson
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effect of different moisture conditions on subbase gradation on pavement materials using accelerated pavement testing (APT) and modeling pavement response behavior using a non-linear elastic approach. The research found that raising the groundwater table accelerates the accumulation of permanent deformations, with one model providing a better fit to subgrade deformations and rutting profile width.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Bin Feng, Zhongyi Liu, Erol Tutumluer, Hai Huang
Summary: Ballasted track substructure is designed and constructed to provide uniform crosstie support and serve drainage and load distribution functions. Deep learning techniques and ResNet model are utilized for predicting crosstie support conditions accurately.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Issam I. A. Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, Heather Shoup, LaDonna Rowden
Summary: This paper presents a design alternative for a daylighted granular subbase that provides uniformity, drainability, stability, and durability for jointed plain concrete pavements in Illinois. It recommends a stable, drainable, and durable daylighted granular subbase design for traffic levels up to 10 million equivalent single axle loads.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhongyi Liu, Bin Feng, Erol Tutumluer
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of ballast degradation on track substructure maintenance needs. By simulating the behavior of new and degraded ballast using single crosstie models, it was found that degraded ballast led to increased crosstie vibrations, a higher number of force chains, and inconsistent force distribution.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Issam I. A. Qamhia, Han Wang, Erol Tutumluer, Michael Short
Summary: This paper presents a case study on the construction of aggregate subgrade improvement (ASI) layers using quarry by-product aggregates (QBA). The study validates the use of QBA materials in ASI as a sustainable construction practice for stable pavement foundation layers.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mingu Kang, Issam I. A. Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, Navneet Garg, Wilfredo Villafane
Summary: This paper presents findings related to monitoring stiffness characteristics of airport pavement base courses instrumented with BE field sensors and tested under full-scale accelerated pavement testing during Construction Cycle 9 (CC9) of the National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF) by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The study reveals the effects of aircraft gear loads on the stiffness of the aggregate base layer and how confinement influenced the moduli of the geogrid-stabilized base.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jiayi Luo, Kelin Ding, Haohang Huang, John M. Hart, Issam I. A. Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, Hugh Thompson, Theodore R. Sussmann
Summary: Ballast plays a crucial role in railway track response, but degradation can lead to poor drainage and instability. Current evaluation methods are subjective, labor-intensive, and lack comprehensive analysis. This paper introduces the BSV, an automated platform that collects high-quality data and provides accurate evaluations of ballast conditions through geotechnical analyses.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhongyi Liu, Bin Feng, Erol Tutumluer
Summary: Train-track interaction models are commonly used to simulate the dynamic responses of train and track components. This paper proposes a coupled model that combines the conventional track model with the discrete element method (DEM) model to create a more realistic ballasted track model. The validated model is able to accurately predict the dynamic responses of the train and track, and further investigate the effects of crosstie spacing on track dynamics.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Han Wang, Mingu Kang, Issam I. A. Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, Mark H. Wayne, Heather Shoup
Summary: This paper presents an experimental study on the combination of multi-axial geogrids and open-graded coarse aggregates (OGA) through large-scale triaxial testing. The results show that the match between the aperture size of the multi-axial geogrids and the particle size of the OGA plays a crucial role in reducing permanent deformation of the test specimen. The ratio between the aperture size and a representative particle size (D-90) is a good indicator of the effectiveness of the geogrid.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mingu Kang, Han Wang, Issam I. A. Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, Navneet Garg, Wilfredo Villafane, Scott Murrell
Summary: Real-time stiffness monitoring of unbound aggregate layers is crucial for advanced airport pavement design. This research focused on monitoring base layer stiffness characteristics using embedded field sensors. The study conducted full-scale pavement tests, collected dynamic responses from coil sensors and pressure cells, and established correlations between field sensor readings and layer modulus properties. The results showed that both approaches provided comparable and typical modulus values for the aggregate base layer, and demonstrated the effect of vehicle wander on measured responses.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ester Tseng, Imad L. Al-Qadi, Erol Tutumluer, Issam I. A. Qamhia, Hasan Ozer
Summary: This paper presents case studies to demonstrate that appropriately designed and constructed flexible pavements can withstand climatic changes. Techniques such as mechanically or chemically stabilized subgrade, proper drainage, and minimizing plastic fines in unbound layers can effectively control moisture damage.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jiayi Luo, Haohang Huang, Kelin Ding, Issam I. A. Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, John M. Hart, Hugh Thompson, Theodore R. Sussmann
Summary: Ballast degradation in railroad tracks can lead to poor drainage, settlement, and reduced stability, affecting safety and maintenance. Current evaluation methods rely on visual inspection and laboratory analysis, but an innovative image-based approach using deep learning techniques is proposed in this paper. This approach can be implemented in an automated scanning vehicle for efficient and reliable field ballast inspection.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Issam I. A. Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, Hasan Ozer
Summary: The environmental impacts and trade-offs of utilizing quarry by-products (QB) in chemically stabilized base/subbase pavement layers were evaluated. Results showed that blending QB with recycled pavement materials can result in lower environmental impacts when considering pavement life expectancy.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Syed Faizan Husain, Issam I. A. Qamhia, Abhilash Vyas, Renan Santos Maia, Erol Tutumluer, Ramez Hajj
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of adding aggregates and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in emulsion aggregate mixtures (EAMs). The selected EAMs were designed using a combined approach and tested for changes in tensile strength, moisture damage resistance, resilient modulus, and permanent deformation characteristics. The results show that the inclusion of aggregates and RAP can significantly improve the tensile strength, moisture damage resistance, and reduce permanent deformation of EAMs.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wenjun Hua, Yuanjie Xiao, Qunding Yu, Meng Wang, Wenqi Li, Erol Tutumluer, Yuliang Chen, Zhiyong Li
Summary: This paper reveals the meso-scale mechanisms of macroscopic vibratory compaction behavior of unbound aggregate materials (UAMs) and proposes two novel compaction quality indicators based on particle movement characteristics.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wenting Hou, Erol Tutumluer, Wenjing Li
Summary: This study introduces an advanced train-track-bridge model that is validated using field instrumentation data collected from the track substructure of US Amtrak's Northeast Corridor railroad track bridge approaches. The model is used to simulate typical track transient responses, showing that locations near the bridge experience larger transient deformations.
