Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. A. Mazo, A. C. Caballero, J. Rubio
Summary: In this study, cheap, abundant, and easily-obtained carbon fillers such as graphite and carbon black were successfully incorporated into a silicon oxycarbide matrix to obtain dense crack-free bulk composites with enhanced electrical and thermal conductivities. Raman parameters were crucial for understanding the electronic and/or phonon transport in the composites.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohamed I. Abdelwahab Hassan, Monique Keller, Michael Hillger, Ulrike Binder, Stefanie Reuter, Kristina Herold, Anusha Telagathoti, Hans-Martin Dahse, Saiedeh Wicht, Nora Trinks, Sandor Nietzsche, Tanja Deckert-Gaudig, Volker Deckert, Ralf Mrowka, Ulrich Terpitz, Hans Peter Saluz, Kerstin Voigt
Summary: This study investigated the impact of physical and enzymatic modification of spore wall on phagocytosis and virulence of Lichtheimia corymbifera, shedding light on the pathogenicity mechanisms of fungal infections. The findings provide important insights for understanding the pathogenesis of mucormycosis.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tawfik A. Saleh, K. Haruna, Abdul-Rashid Mohammed
Summary: Acidizing is a method to enhance oil production but exposes carbon steel well to corrosion. Using an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor can effectively protect steel surface from corrosive attack.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Kenta Morita, Musashi Takenaka, Kohei Tomita, Jun Ishii, Hideo Kawaguchi, Daisuke Murakami, Hikaru Amo, Miku Fujii, Tatsuo Maruyama, Takuya Matsumoto, Takashi Nishino, Chiaki Ogino
Summary: Cellulose has been developed as a sustainable alternative to petrochemical materials. Lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) show promise as they are produced from biomass with mild pretreatment. This study developed two methods to detect and visualize lignin in LCNFs, revealing its microscopic location and providing a strong tool for analyzing lignin-containing materials.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
D. Gutnik, A. Kleinbichler, P. J. Imrich, M. J. Cordill, A. Lassnig
Summary: Quantification of adhesion between thin films and their substrates is crucial for reliable multi-material components. Metal-polymer interfaces are challenging to quantify due to their unique properties. In this study, the adhesion of a 150 nm WTi film to polyimide was determined experimentally, and two models were compared for quantification.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Kevin Pachuta, Halyna Volkova, Benjamin Hirt, Marie-Helene Berger, Emily Pentzer, Alp Sehirlioglu
Summary: Two-dimensional materials have attracted attention for their unique properties, and research into their processing and scalability is crucial for next-generation technologies. A liquid-phase exfoliation method has been developed to produce multilayer cobalt oxide nanosheets in pH-neutral aqueous solutions, with their size, thickness, and morphology confirmed using microscopy techniques.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nan Liu, Yi Cao, Yin-Lian Zhu, Yu-Jia Wang, Yun-Long Tang, Bo Wu, Min-Jie Zou, Yan-Peng Feng, Xiu-Liang Ma
Summary: The study presents a self-assembled uniform biphasic system as a potential stable and enduring RRAM medium, demonstrating advantages in stability, uniformity, and durability for further application in RRAM devices.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao-Chin Huang, Kai-Yuan Hsiao, Yu-Han Tseng, Yan-De Chen, Ming-Yen Lu
Summary: In this study, an in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) heating system was used to investigate the morphological changes of cubic Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag-based core-shell structures induced by sublimation, as well as the influence of shell coverage on thermal stability. It was found that large Ag NPs (>50 nm) showed a three-stage sublimation-induced morphological change, while small Ag NPs (<30 nm) showed a uniform sublimation. The sublimation process of core-shell NPs started at stage II, and the thermal stability was enhanced by carbon shell passivation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Utkarsh Anand, Tanmay Ghosh, Zainul Aabdin, Siddardha Koneti, XiuMei Xu, Frank Holsteyns, Utkur Mirsaidov
Summary: Researchers have found that the wetting process of water on a surface patterned with a dense array of nanopillars occurs in two stages: first, an ultra-thin precursor water film forms on the surface, and then capillary action by the nanopillars pulls the water, increasing the overall thickness of the water film.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuting Shen, Hailin Yu, Tao Xu, Qiubo Zhang, Kuibo Yin, Shan Cong, Yushen Liu, Litao Sun
Summary: Two types of edge structures, semiconducting flat edges and metallic zigzag edges, are found in single-layer Bi2Te3, and the proportions of these edges can be controlled by electron beam irradiation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Luke Oduor Otieno, Bernard Ouma Alunda, Jaehyun Kim, Yong Joong Lee
Summary: Improving the imaging rate of a high-speed atomic force microscope requires specialized hardware and software, with ongoing efforts to enhance general applications. A compact HS-AFM scan-head design with minimal Z-scanner loading is presented in this study as an efficient solution for faster imaging.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sung Bo Lee, Seung Jo Yoo, Jinwook Jung, Heung Nam Han
Summary: This study used electron-beam irradiation to observe surface structural transitions on thin Au (1 0 0) and (1 1 0) specimens at different current densities. It was found that at low current densities, nanometer polygonal holes were formed with atomically sharp facets on both surfaces, while at higher current densities, the holes became filled and some facet surfaces were roughened.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuhong Wang, Kecheng Zhao, Fangjin Li, Qi Gao, King Wai Chiu Lai
Summary: This study investigated the presence of asphaltenes in different types of asphalt and their impacts on the asphalt properties. It was found that the dispersion and formation of asphaltene particles vary depending on the asphalt source, with asphaltene content playing a predominant role in determining viscosity and asphaltene morphology likely affecting the derived ductility of asphalt.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Xochitl Fabiola Segovia-Gonzalez, Maria Veronica Villagrana-Escareno, Maricarmen Rios-Ramirez, Vianey Santiago de la Cruz, Jessica Nathaly Mejia-Hernandez, Jose Luis Cuellar-Camacho, Araceli Patron-Soberano, Richard Sportsman, Jaime Ruiz-Garcia
Summary: Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) and brome mosaic virus (BMV) are plant viruses that can deliver their genome inside cells for viral replication through a mechanism involving the swelling of their capsid. This study found that under particular conditions, the capsid of these viruses can swell up to 20-35% of the original size, suggesting a potentially easier mechanism for viral genome delivery inside cells.
Article
Microscopy
Marek Malac, Jesus Alejandro Marin Calzada, Mark Salomons, Darren Homeniuk, Patrick Price, Martin Cloutier, Misa Hayashida, Doug Vick, Sean Chen, Suliat Yakubu, Zhengxu (Darren) Wen, Marcus Leeson, Mohammad Kamal, Jason Pitters, John Kim, Xuanhao Wang, Olivier Adkin-Kaya, Ray Egerton
Summary: NanoMi is an open source electron microscopy platform that offers a modular and flexible design, suitable for various applications such as education and experimental development. It is capable of SEM, TEM, STEM, and ED imaging modes, with an expected resolution of around 10 nanometers.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Rajmohan Thiagarajan, Palanikumar Kayaroganam, Mohan Kandasamy, Vijayabhaskar Sivasankaran
Summary: This paper investigates the wear behavior of hybrid composites reinforced with banana-glass fiber, using epoxy resin diffused with MWCNT as the matrix. The wear performances of the composites filled with MWCNT are measured using a pin-on-disc wear tester, and Taguchi's method in experimental design is applied to analyze the effects of control parameters such as sliding speed, load, temperature, and wt.% of MWCNT. The worn surface is examined using SEM and AFM.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
V. V. Kalyan Chakravarthy, T. Rajmohan, D. Vijayan, K. Palanikumar
Summary: This article introduces different machining methods of Nano SiC reinforced Al matrix composite and their impact on surface integrity characteristics, evaluating the surface and subsurface of machined composites using various microscopy analysis methods. The performances are optimized using a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm - II (NSGA-II), demonstrating that cryogenic machining can achieve better surface finish.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
V Bharath, V Auradi, Madeva Nagaral, Satish Babu Boppana, S. Ramesh, K. Palanikumar
Summary: The research focuses on synthesizing and exploring Al2014 alloy microstructure and wear behavior reinforced with 20 µm Al2O3 particles. A two-stage stir casting technique is used to produce composites with varying weight percentages of reinforcement. The study reveals that the addition of Al2O3 particles can enhance microstructure and improve wear behavior of Al2014 alloy.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
S. Ramesh, K. Palanikumar, S. B. Boppana, E. Natarajan
Summary: This research investigates the impact of cutting speed on the cutting zone temperature while machining Titanium alloy. Thermal images were captured to analyze the temperature build up zone. Experimental results showed that the cutting temperature increases with cutting speed. The developed machining model using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) helps to determine the optimal combination of machining parameters to minimize temperature.
EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Vijayan Rajendran, Krishnamoorthy Arunagiri, Palanikumar Kayaroganam
Summary: The research focused on replacing synthetic fiber with natural fiber due to their significant advantages in materials. By hybridizing Roselle and Aloe vera fibers to create composite materials, it was found that Roselle-based hybrid composites exhibited better strength compared to other laminates. Analysis conducted through morphological studies and SEM provided a deeper understanding of the performance of composite materials.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Gokul Kannan, Rajasekaran Thangaraju, Palanikumar Kayaroganam, J. Paulo Davim
Summary: The mechanical behavior of banana fiber reinforced polymer composites filled with fly ash was analyzed in this study. The results showed that the addition of a moderate amount of fly ash can enhance the tensile, flexural, and impact strength of the composites, while excessive fly ash addition can reduce these properties. Microscopic observation revealed the weak interfacial bonding caused by filler agglomeration.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. M. Prabhudass, K. Palanikumar, Elango Natarajan, Kalaimani Markandan
Summary: The hybridization of natural fibers can enhance the tensile properties of polymer composites, while the addition of MWCNTs can significantly improve impact performance and viscoelastic behavior. Treating fibers with NaOH before composite fabrication effectively improves interfacial bonding and mechanical properties.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
K. Gajalakshmi, N. Senthilkumar, K. Palanikumar
Summary: This study investigates the machinability of a novel aluminum composite with hybrid reinforcements using different drill bits and optimization techniques. Results show that higher rotational speeds lead to increased surface irregularities and material removal rate, while high MRR and cutting forces are achieved with multifaceted carbide drills. Optimal values are determined for rotation speed and feed rate to maximize MRR and minimize cutting forces, improving machinability performance of the composite.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pon Azhagiri, N. Senthilkumar, K. Palanikumar, B. Deepanraj
Summary: With the aim of developing light-weight materials for automotive and aerospace applications, aluminum-based hybrid nano-composites (AHNCs) were manufactured using the compocasting approach in this study. Chopped carbon fibers (CFs) and different weight fractions of nanoclay (1-5%) were reinforced in the matrix of AA6026 to form AHNCs. The AHNCs specimens underwent microstructural analysis, mechanical characterization, fatigue, and corrosion strength tests according to ASTM guidelines. Electroless plating method was used to coat CFs with copper for improved wettability with the matrix. SEM images of the manufactured composites showed thin inter-dendritic aluminum grains with eutectic precipitate particles at intergranular junctions, as well as nanoclay particles precipitated in the matrix. Tensile strength (TS) increased with the inclusion of nanoclay up to a maximum of 212.46 MPa for 3% nanoclay reinforcement, beyond which it decreased due to non-homogeneous distribution, agglomeration, and debonding of nanoparticles. Similarly, micro-hardness increased with the addition of 3% nanoclay, after which it decreased. Higher energy absorption and significant improvement in flexural strength were achieved with 3% nanoclay reinforcement. The fatigue strength of the hybrid composite tended to increase with the addition of both CFs and nanoclay until 3% addition, as the flexible CFs and high surface area nanoclays strengthened the grain boundaries. Furthermore, the addition of nanoclay reduced the corrosion rate by filling the crevices and voids in the matrix.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
G. Perumal, N. Senthilkumar, K. Palanikumar, N. Anbazhaghan
Summary: The effect of critical plasma spraying parameter (CPSP) and spraying distance on scratch and wear characteristics of alumina-zirconia coatings deposited on Ti-6Al-4 V was studied. Wear resistance, scratch resistance, microstructure, and hardness of the coatings were evaluated through various analyses. The increase in CPSP and spraying distance improved the wear and scratch resistance as well as micro hardness of the coatings. Coatings deposited at a distance of 100 mm exhibited the highest scratch and wear resistance. The wear mechanisms observed included splat delamination, microchipping, and microcracking.
JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Azhagiri Pon, K. Subramanian, P. Gopal, K. Palanikumar
Summary: This paper discusses and analyzes a compliant centrifugal clutch with different materials. The compliant centrifugal clutch specimens are prepared using an injection molding process for investigation. Experiments are conducted based on Taguchi's Design of Experiment and a multi-response optimization approach is adopted. The outcome shows that a substantial variation in torque carrying capacity, wear rate, and contact temperature is observed by changing the clutch material and flexure profiles.
JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. Palanikumar, Elango Natarajan, Kalaimani Markandan, Chun Kit Ang, Gerald Franz
Summary: Research on plant-fiber-reinforced composites with well-separated hemp fibers and targeted pre-treatment techniques to enhance mechanical properties has gained significant interest. Selectively removing non-cellulosic components and optimizing fiber surface properties improve interfacial bonding, thermal stability, and resistance to microbial degradation. This study comprehensively reviews these techniques and the impact of hemp fiber as reinforcement on polymeric composite mechanical properties.
Article
Polymer Science
P. Karthick, Bindu Madhavan Vijaya Ramnath, K. Palanikumar
Summary: Nowadays, industries are focused on low-cost, biodegradable materials with long lifespans. This study investigates the effect of fiber orientation on the mechanical and morphological evaluation of composite materials made from acacia and raffia fibers combined with epoxy resin. Different types of composites were fabricated and tested according to ASTM standards, demonstrating varying mechanical behaviors. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the internal structural failure of the composites, revealing the presence of fiber cracks, pullouts, and voids.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
I. Infanta Mary Priya, K. Palanikumar, N. Senthilkumar, P. Siva Prabha
Summary: This study focuses on the end milling operation of 45-degree glass fiber-reinforced polymer composites using three different end mill cutters. The effects of cutting speed, feed rate, and end-milling cutters on surface roughness and delamination were investigated using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions were determined using a metaheuristic algorithm and the models were thoroughly examined and presented.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERACTIVE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING - IJIDEM
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Infanta Mary Priya, Ramalingam Senthil, Palanikumar Kayaroganam
Summary: This study investigates the tensile testing of glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite material and identifies its most influential parameter. The optimized outcomes are high load, low elongation, and high thickness, which are beneficial for replacing concrete slabs for rainwater harvesting.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING MATERIALS AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
