Article
Neurosciences
Harri Merisaari, Linnea Karlsson, Noora M. Scheinin, Satu J. Shulist, John D. Lewis, Hasse Karlsson, Jetro J. Tuulari
Summary: This study analyzed DTI images of 133 neonates, finding significant bias in ROI values when only 6 directions were used, while the difference to scalar values calculated from 54 direction DTI was negligible when using 24 directions and above. Therefore, DTI measurements from data with at least 24 directions may be used in comparisons with DTI measurements from data with higher numbers of directions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hikaru Sugimoto, Mihoko Otake-Matsuura
Summary: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is used to investigate white matter properties in the brain. This study aims to examine the effects of a cognitive intervention program (PICMOR) on older adults' cognitive function and white matter fiber health. Results showed improved verbal fluency task scores in the intervention group compared to the control group. Tract-based spatial statistics analyses revealed higher FA values and lower MD, AD, or RD values in the intervention group across various fiber tracts. The findings suggest left frontal white matter structures may be responsible for the enhancement of verbal fluency.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Monika Gloor, Michaela Andelova, Laura Gaetano, Athina Papadopoulou, Federico Burguet Villena, Till Sprenger, Ernst-Wilhelm Radue, Ludwig Kappos, Oliver Bieri, Meritxell Garcia
Summary: This study analyzed the potential of magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for the detection and evolution of new multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. The results showed that MTI provides more information than DTI and can detect tissue changes 2 to 4 months prior to their appearance on MRI.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shirui Cheng, Xiaohui Dong, Jun Zhou, Chenjian Tang, Wenhua He, Yang Chen, Xinyue Zhang, Peihong Ma, Tao Yin, Yimei Hu, Fang Zeng, Zhengjie Li, Fanrong Liang
Summary: Patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) exhibit structural and functional alterations in white matter, as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Extensive white matter changes are observed in sensorimotor and pain-related regions in KOA patients. Additionally, a negative correlation is found between disease severity and white matter abnormalities in KOA.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shimpei Kato, Akifumi Hagiwara, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Christina Andica, Yuji Tomizawa, Yasunobu Hoshino, Wataru Uchida, Yuma Nishimura, Shohei Fujita, Koji Kamagata, Masaaki Hori, Nobutaka Hattori, Osamu Abe, Shigeki Aoki
Summary: The study aimed to differentiate between MS and NMOSD using DTI, FW imaging, and NODDI, revealing that FW imaging and NODDI were useful for identifying microstructural changes related to neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in RRMS and NMOSD patients.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Yvonne Simren, Eira Stokland, Sverker Hansson, Hanna Hebelka, Par-Arne Svensson, Kerstin M. Lagerstrand
Summary: Multiple parameter DTI has the potential to characterize and distinguish acute pyelonephritis from other renal lesions in infants with symptomatic UTI. The study conducted on seven infants aged 1.0-5.6 months with renal lesions showed significant differences in b700 signal, ADC, and FA between lesions and normal tissue in all nine kidneys, with six exhibiting focal lesions indicating acute inflammation.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xia Wei, Chunyan Luo, Qian Li, Na Hu, Yuan Xiao, Nian Liu, Su Lui, Qiyong Gong
Summary: This study utilized meta-analysis to identify the most prominent and replicable white matter abnormalities in Parkinson's disease patients. Results showed FA reduction in the body of the corpus callosum and the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Additionally, a positive correlation between the percentage of male PD patients and FA values in the corpus callosum body was found.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sung Ho Jang, Min Jye Cho
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the nigrostriatal tract (NST) and the corticospinal tract (CST) with motor function in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients. The results showed a strong positive correlation between the tract volume of ipsilesional NST and fractional anisotropy and the tract volume of ipsilesional CST with the Motricity Index score. The study also found that NST indirectly influenced the motor function of affected extremities through CST.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jian Yang, Xiaowei Jiang, Shengnan Wei, Xin Deng, Yue Zhu, Miao Chang, Zhiyang Yin, Haiyang Geng, Yanqing Tang, Xu Dai
Summary: Compared to DTI parameters, DKI parameters showed more sensitivity and stability in probing the local microstructure, especially in exploring cerebral alterations in BD patients.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chris Wj van der Weijden, Anouk van der Hoorn, Jan Hendrik Potze, Remco J. Renken, Ronald J. H. Borra, Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx, Ingomar W. Gutmann, Hakim Ouaalam, Davood Karimi, Ali Gholipour, Simon K. Warfield, Erik F. J. de Vries, Jan F. Meilof
Summary: This study investigated the axonal integrity in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using diffusion MRI parameters and found that all diffusion MRI parameters were affected in lesions, indicating loss of axonal integrity. The reduction in axonal integrity in peri-lesions, despite unaffected fibre density estimates, suggests an effect of Wallerian degeneration.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung Ho Jang, Sang Seok Yeo, Min Jye Cho
Summary: This study investigated the predictability of the nigrostriatal tract and corticoreticulospinal tract in the early stage of cerebral infarction for gait function in the chronic stage. The results showed a strong positive correlation between the tract volumes of these tracts in the early stage and the functional ambulation category scores in the chronic stage. The corticoreticulospinal tract had stronger predictability than the nigrostriatal tract.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lin Mei, Xiaodan Li, Guifei Zhou, Tingting Ji, Jun Chen, Zhifei Xu, Yun Peng, Yue Liu, Hongbin Li, Jie Zhang, Shengcai Wang, Yamei Zhang, Wentong Ge, Yongli Guo, Yue Qiu, Xinbei Jia, Jinghong Tian, Li Zheng, Jiangang Liu, Jun Tai, Xin Ni
Summary: The study found that male children with severe OSA demonstrated more severe issues in neurocognition, attention, sleep quality, and brain white matter integrity compared to those with mild OSA, while no significant differences were observed in female children.
Article
Neurosciences
Olayinka Oladosu, Wei-Qiao Liu, Lenora Brown, Bruce G. Pike, Luanne M. Metz, Yunyan Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the differences in brain structure between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and image texture analysis. The study finds that diffusion and texture features can differentiate between RRMS and SPMS, with the extent and number of lesions significantly increased in SPMS. The results contribute to a better understanding of the pathological mechanisms in multiple sclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sam Sedaghat, Hyungseok Jang, Jiyo S. Athertya, Martin Groezinger, Jody Corey-Bloom, Jiang Du
Summary: The signal intensity variations (SIVs) of MS lesions on direct myelin imaging and standard clinical sequences were investigated as potential MRI biomarkers for disability in MS patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yahui Ouyang, Dong Cui, Zilong Yuan, Zhipeng Liu, Qing Jiao, Tao Yin, Jianfeng Qiu
Summary: Population aging has led to a focus on changes in elderly brains, particularly in white matter fibers. This study used various parameters to analyze age-related changes in white matter fibers, finding significant differences in FA, MD, AD, and RD between young and middle-age groups. Deterministic fiber tracking showed a correlation between fiber length and age, with specific fibers identified as potential image markers for age-related white matter changes.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maxime Taquet, Stephen M. Smith, Anna K. Prohl, Jurriaan M. Peters, Simon K. Warfield, Benoit Scherrer, Paul J. Harrison
Summary: Psychiatry is shifting from accepting distinct diagnoses to a representation of psychiatric illness that crosses diagnostic boundaries. A study shows that the brain vulnerability network may form a common neurobiological root for different psychiatric disorders, funneling genetic risks through shared neurobiological mechanisms.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Fidel Alfaro-Almagro, Paul McCarthy, Soroosh Afyouni, Jesper L. R. Andersson, Matteo Bastiani, Karla L. Miller, Thomas E. Nichols, Stephen M. Smith
Summary: Dealing with confounds is essential in large cohort studies to address unexplained variance and spurious correlations. The UK Biobank is a powerful resource for studying associations between imaging and non-imaging measures, but the high statistical power also increases sensitivity to confound effects. Researchers must carefully consider these factors.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Han Peng, Weikang Gong, Christian F. Beckmann, Andrea Vedaldi, Stephen M. Smith
Summary: This study proposed a deep convolutional neural network model, SFCN, for accurate prediction of brain age, which achieved state-of-the-art performance through the combination of various performance-boosting techniques.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sharon Y. L. Chua, Gerassimos Lascaratos, Denize Atan, Bing Zhang, Charles Reisman, Peng T. Khaw, Stephen M. Smith, Paul M. Matthews, Axel Petzold, Nicholas G. Strouthidis, Paul J. Foster, Anthony P. Khawaja, Praveen J. Patel
Summary: Through ophthalmic and brain imaging assessments, thinner retinal layers are significantly associated with smaller brain volumes, suggesting that retinal structure may serve as a biomarker for important brain structures in healthy older adults.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Piergiorgio Salvan, Thomas Wassenaar, Catherine Wheatley, Nicholas Beale, Michiel Cottaar, Daniel Papp, Matteo Bastiani, Sean Fitzgibbon, Euguene Duff, Jesper Andersson, Anderson M. Winkler, Gwenaelle Douaud, Thomas E. Nichols, Stephen Smith, Helen Dawes, Heidi Johansen-Berg
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between physical activity and brain development, revealing a latent mode of brain-physical covariation where an active lifestyle is associated with brain MRI metrics, indicating widespread biological associations.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Takuya Hayashi, Yujie Hou, Matthew F. Glasser, Joonas A. Autio, Kenneth Knoblauch, Miho Inoue-Murayama, Tim Coalson, Essa Yacoub, Stephen Smith, Henry Kennedy, David C. Van Essen
Summary: Studies using nonhuman primates (NHPs) enable comparisons between invasive and non-invasive measures to better understand human brain connectivity and structure.
Article
Neurosciences
Nicola K. Dinsdale, Emma Bluemke, Stephen M. Smith, Zobair Arya, Diego Vidaurre, Mark Jenkinson, Ana I. L. Namburete
Summary: The study explores predicting brain age using convolutional neural networks and the UK Biobank dataset, showing competitive performance with significant correlations between CNN prediction errors and clinical measurements from the UK Biobank. Additionally, the use of nonlinearly registered images in training CNNs may limit clinical relevance by potentially missing subtle indicators of ageing, highlighting the need for further exploration in longitudinal health outcomes prediction.
Article
Neurosciences
Julia O. Linke, Rany Abend, Katharina Kircanski, Michal Clayton, Caitlin Stavish, Brenda E. Benson, Melissa A. Brotman, Olivier Renaud, Stephen M. Smith, Thomas E. Nichols, Ellen Leibenluft, Anderson M. Winkler, Daniel S. Pine
Summary: This study investigates the associations between intrinsic functional connectivity and pediatric symptoms as well as evaluates the replicability of latent dimensions in an independent sample. The findings reveal two replicable types of clinical variates, one related to multiple symptom dimensions and the other relatively specific to anxiety. Both types involve broadly distributed, weak brain connections instead of strong connections encompassing known resting-state networks.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Thomas J. Vanasse, Peter T. Fox, P. Mickle Fox, Franco Cauda, Tommaso Costa, Stephen M. Smith, Simon B. Eickhoff, Jack L. Lancaster
Summary: Research indicates a high concordance between neuropsychiatric disorders and structural-functional networks, supporting the network degeneration hypothesis. There is a positive linear association between disease and behavioral entropy, suggesting nodal stress as a common mechanism.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
T. M. Wassenaar, C. M. Wheatley, N. Beale, T. Nichols, P. Salvan, A. Meaney, K. Atherton, K. Diaz-Ordaz, H. Dawes, H. Johansen-Berg
Summary: The study investigated the effects of a one-year high-intensity interval training-style physical activity intervention during school physical education on mental health, cognitive performance, and cardiorespiratory fitness in young adolescents. The intervention did not significantly improve outcomes in these areas, and there was low intervention compliance among students.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Weikang Gong, Christian F. Beckmann, Stephen M. Smith
Summary: Neuroimaging allows for detailed non-invasive study of the brain, with potential value for early disease diagnosis and understanding. A new multimodal independent component analysis approach is presented for data fusion in the full UK Biobank dataset, improving predictive power for thousands of phenotypic and behavioral variables.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Catherine Wheatley, Thomas M. Wassenaar, Nick Beale, Piergiorgio Salvan, Helen Dawes, Emma Davies, Heidi Johansen-Berg
Summary: This study explored the correlates of physical activity and 1-year change in physical activity among adolescents using the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Prototype Willingness Model. The results showed that prototype similarity had the strongest relationship with activity, and prototype perceptions and willingness explained additional variance in behaviour. This suggests that a dual-process model incorporating prototype perceptions can predict physical activity more effectively.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Piergiorgio Salvan, Madalena Fonseca, Anderson M. Winkler, Antoine Beauchamp, Jason P. Lerch, Heidi Johansen-Berg
Summary: In this study, the authors investigated the role of different serotonin receptors in regulating brain-wide activity and human behavior. They found that activation of specific serotonin neurons in mice modulated the amplitude and functional connectivity of different serotonin receptor networks. In humans, resting-state functional MRI also showed similar effects of serotonin receptors on impulsivity and negative biases. These findings suggest that heterogeneous distributions of serotonin receptor types in the brain may underlie behaviorally distinct modes of serotonin regulation.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Nick Beale, Emma Eldridge, Anne Delextrat, Patrick Esser, Oliver Bushnell, Emily Curtis, Thomas Wassenaar, Catherine Wheatley, Heidi Johansen-Berg, Helen Dawes
Summary: The study found that there is a gender difference in cardiorespiratory fitness, with boys having higher levels than girls. However, most boys and girls exceeded the 50th percentile of global norms. On average, students spent 23.8% of PE lessons in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and 7.1% in vigorous physical activity (VPA). Different types of PE lessons had varying effects on students' physical activity levels.
BMJ OPEN SPORT & EXERCISE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Betty Raman, Mark Philip Cassar, Elizabeth M. Tunnicliffe, Nicola Filippini, Ludovica Griffanti, Fidel Alfaro-Almagro, Thomas Okell, Fintan Sheerin, Cheng Xie, Masliza Mahmod, Ferenc E. Mozes, Adam J. Lewandowski, Eric O. Ohuma, David Holdsworth, Hanan Lamlum, Myles J. Woodman, Catherine Krasopoulos, Rebecca Mills, Flora A. Kennedy McConnell, Chaoyue Wang, Christoph Arthofer, Frederik J. Lange, Jesper Andersson, Mark Jenkinson, Charalambos Antoniades, Keith M. Channon, Mayooran Shanmuganathan, Vanessa M. Ferreira, Stefan K. Piechnik, Paul Klenerman, Christopher Brightling, Nick P. Talbot, Nayia Petousi, Najib M. Rahman, Ling-Pei Ho, Kate Saunders, John R. Geddes, Paul J. Harrison, Kyle Pattinson, Matthew J. Rowland, Brian J. Angus, Fergus Gleeson, Michael Pavlides, Ivan Koychev, Karla L. Miller, Clare Mackay, Peter Jezzard, Stephen M. Smith, Stefan Neubauer
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 patients discharged from the hospital still experience breathlessness, fatigue, cognitive impairment, and mental health issues. MRI revealed abnormalities in multiple organs, which were linked to inflammation and severity of acute illness.