Article
Engineering, Environmental
I Bradley, G. E. Scarponi, F. Otremba, A. M. Birk
Summary: This paper discusses the fire risks of storage and transportation vessels of hazardous materials, highlighting the lack of internationally accepted test procedures that meet regulatory requirements, and proposes recommendations based on large-scale testing.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yang Wang, Jingde Li, Hong Hao
Summary: This study proposes a simple and accurate method for predicting the pressure of Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions (BLEVE) and generates empirical formulas and charts for its application in structural analysis and design against BLEVE loads. The performance of these formulas and charts are evaluated and proven to provide more accurate predictions compared to commonly used empirical methods.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shan Lyu, Shuhao Zhang, Xiaomei Huang, Shini Peng, Jun Li
Summary: This study analyzed and simulated the LPG accident that occurred in Wenling, Zhejiang Province, China on June 13, 2020. The accident resulted in significant casualties and property losses, with simulations showing discrepancies in predictions compared to actual outcomes under specific conditions.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Donatella Cirrone, Dmitriy Makarov, Vladimir Molkov
Summary: This study aims to develop a CFD model capable of predicting the maximum pressure in the blast wave after the rupture of a liquid hydrogen storage tank in a fire. The research concludes that the maximum pressure is generated by a gaseous phase starting shock enhanced by the combustion reaction of hydrogen. The CFD model is updated to account for the cryogenic conditions of LH2 storage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Thiago Fernandes Barbosa, Luis Reis, Jorge Raposo, Tiago Rodrigues, Domingos Xavier Viegas
Summary: This study evaluates the pressure relief device (PRD), cylinder type, and the effects of jet fires and BLEVEs. Through fire tests and hydrostatic tests on LPG cylinders made of steel and composite materials, the importance of PRD and proper cylinder selection and location in avoiding major accidents is revealed. The study also describes jet fires, fireball radiation, and the maximum distance reached by cylinder fragments. Recommendations to prevent accidents are provided.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dan J. Dixon, John M. A. Duncan, J. Nikolaus Callow, Samantha A. Setterfield, Natasha Pauli
Summary: Plant phenology, particularly flowering, is influenced by fire disturbance, and understanding these effects can provide insights into the impacts of increasing fire intensity and frequency due to climate change. However, it is challenging to isolate the direct effects of fire on phenology due to logistical difficulties in monitoring species-specific events under different fire and environmental conditions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lei Zhao, Jia-Rong He, Wen-Jie Jiang, Qiang Ru, Ping Liu, Jun-Mei Wu, Hu Zhang
Summary: This study analyzes and evaluates the operability and integrity of pressure relief valves. Through 3D thermo-mechanical coupling simulation and creep analysis, the opening condition and structural integrity of the valves in severe accidents are studied.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jilai Cao, Jian Zhang, Xinhai Yu, Shan-Tung Tu
Summary: This study presents an innovative method for detecting PRV leakage using specially designed cavity-shaped whistles to generate sounds at specific frequencies. The accuracy of this method is superior to commercial acoustic emission methods, as the discernable sound spectrum from cavity-shaped whistles alleviates interference from leakage jet noise. The generated sounds' frequencies are independent of leakage flow rate, channel size, and sensor location, showing great potential for PRV leakage detection.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sungwook Kang, Minjae Kwon, Joung Yoon Choi, Sengkwan Choi
Summary: The fire safety of electric vehicles powered by lithium-ion batteries (LIB) due to the occurrence of thermal runaway needs further investigation. This study conducted full-scale fire experiments to understand the thermal behaviors of battery electric vehicle (BEV) fires. The combustion of BEV fires lasted approximately 70 minutes, and key measures including peak heat release rate, total heat released, fire growth parameter, and the average effective heat of combustion were determined.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Giordano Emrys Scarponi, Gabriele Landucci, Albrecht Michael Birk, Valerio Cozzani
Summary: Accurate and robust models for predicting pressurized tanks' behavior under fire exposure are essential for enhancing fire protection system design. A CFD modeling approach validated against full engulfing pool fire tests was used to simulate partial engulfment conditions, showing good agreement with experimental measurements. The results obtained are valuable for supporting risk management, emergency response planning, and improving fire protection system design.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hao Yin, He Xu, Weiwang Fan, Feng Sun
Summary: Pressure relief valves are commonly used in hydraulic systems but can often fail in harsh environments. This study proposes a novel method that combines the Elastic Weight Consolidation algorithm with the Deep Residual Shrinkage Network for diagnosing clamping faults of pressure relief valves and addressing catastrophic forgetting in deep learning multi-task scenarios. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves high diagnostic accuracy in the fault diagnosis of pressure relief valves.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Weronika Tabaka, Sebastian Timme, Tobias Lauterbach, Lilian Medina, Lars A. Berglund, Federico Carosio, Sophie Duquesne, Bernhard Schartel
Summary: This study introduces a bench-scale test method for evaluating the impact of different fire protection systems on the structural integrity of CFRPs. Different fire protection systems can extend the failure time of CFRPs by up to 43 times.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tomas Zajdlik, Karel Suhajda, David Prusa
Summary: This study explores methods for increasing the resistance of timber against fire and slowing down thermal degradation by using non-combustible cement fibre boards as protection. The experimental testing of timber structures protected by these boards reveals their effectiveness in preventing combustion. The fire reaction class (A1) of cement fibre boards makes them suitable for dry construction systems.
Article
Forestry
Joseph Roise, John Williams, Roger Barker, John Morton-Aslanis
Summary: This paper evaluates prototype fire shelters designed to provide enhanced thermal protective insulation in wildland fire burn-over events through laboratory and field tests. The results show that the prototype fire shelters outperform the current shelter in providing fire-blocking thermal insulation in intense flame conditions. However, the field tests are inconclusive due to the variability in thermal data obtained. This study confirms the value of evaluating prototype shelter designs in reproducible laboratory tests.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
J. Morgan Varner, J. Kevin Hiers, Slaton B. B. Wheeler, John McGuire, Lenya Quinn-Davidson, William E. E. Palmer, Laurie Fowler
Summary: Increasing prescribed burning is important for public benefits, but potential harm from escaped burns or smoke impacts should be considered. Efforts have been made in the USA to reduce risks through statutory reform, training, and liability standards, but legal recourse for those harmed by prescribed fire may be limited. The use of a catastrophe fund along with adoption of gross negligence standards could help ensure public support and sustain prescribed fire practices.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Karthik Ram Ramakrishnan, Stephane Corn, Nicolas Le Moigne, Patrick Ienny, Pierre Slangen
Summary: This study investigates the impact behavior of flax fabrics-epoxy and commingled flax-polypropylene composite plates, using low velocity impact tests and high-speed imaging coupled with DIC analysis. A crack-tracking algorithm is implemented to identify crack initiation and propagation, while force-displacement histories and high-speed camera results are compared to identify different modes of damage and critical energy for complete penetration. This method can effectively depict the events leading to the breakage of biocomposites and be a valuable tool for investigating the impact behavior of other materials.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
R. Eyssette, F. Heymes, A. M. Birk
Summary: The ground force generated by a BLEVE, a hazard that has been seldom studied, was investigated in an experimental setting using a small scale apparatus. The research found that the maximum ground force and impulse vary almost linearly with failure pressure and liquid fill level, while the influence of weakened/opening length of the tube remains less clear and requires more data for conclusive results.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
J-C Durand, P. Slangen, S. Montresor, A. Desoutter, O. Y. Solieman, M. Fages, P. Picart
Summary: This study utilized digital holography to investigate the mechanical behavior of natural incisors and CAD/CAM ceramic veneers, measuring 3D displacement fields and strain fields and comparing the results between the two. It identified differences in local behavior and transition zones between the two types of samples.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yann Desmarais, Denis Mottet, Pierre Slangen, Philippe Montesinos
Summary: Human pose estimation is a crucial research field with important applications in robotics, entertainment, health, and sports sciences. Recent advancements in convolutional networks have led to significant improvements in 2D pose estimation and reduced the average error in modern 3D markerless motion capture techniques. However, the increasing number of methods in this field has made it challenging to make informed choices. Researchers have proposed a taxonomy based on accuracy, speed, and robustness to categorize methods and provide guidance for future research.
COMPUTER VISION AND IMAGE UNDERSTANDING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
J. Chen, J. Viquerat, F. Heymes, E. Hachem
Summary: Deep learning methods have shown great potential in computational fluid dynamics for flow reconstruction, turbulence modeling, and aerodynamic coefficient prediction. This study proposes an autoencoder architecture for incompressible laminar flow reconstruction with uncertainty estimation using a twin decoder. The architecture is trained on a dataset of 12,000 numerically-computed laminar flows around random shapes and provides two uncertainty estimation processes, allowing for binary decision or confidence interval prediction. Results demonstrate a strong positive correlation between the reconstruction score and the mean-squared error of flow prediction. This approach offers a conservative and reliable surrogate model for flow prediction, providing users with warnings for input deviations from the training data.
NEURAL COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zacaria Essaidi, Pierre Lauret, Frederic Heymes, Laurent Aprin, Pierre Slangen
Summary: Digital holography combined with high-speed imaging technology is used to study droplet fragmentation phenomenon under the action of shock waves and flows, determining the Weber numbers and observing consistent fragmentation patterns with the 'chaotic regime' reported in literature.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Pascale Vacca, Eulalia Planas, Christian Mata, Juan Antonio Munoz, Frederic Heymes, Elsa Pastor
Summary: The combustion of artificial fuels at Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) homeowner scale is a significant contributor to fire spread through a property, posing major safety issues at the community level. Real-scale burning tests were conducted to gather quantitative data on these fuels and evaluate vulnerabilities of WUI properties through Performance-Based Design methodologies, with results indicating that certain fuel packs are more hazardous than others.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ahmed Boukar, Stephane Corn, Pierre R. L. Slangen, Patrick Ienny
Summary: The dynamic behavior of biaxial glass fiber reinforced laminate composites under low velocity impact test is described in this paper through finite element modeling and experimental investigations. The proposed model shows good correlation with experimental results and captures the progressive dynamic failure of the laminate composite.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
H. Lambert, S. Corn, R. Leger, P. Ienny, P. Slangen, M. Fages
Summary: The aim of this study was to visualize and characterize failure phenomena at the resin-ceramic bonding interface of LiSi2 samples bonded with MB and MEP using UHSI. Unprecedented frame rate, image resolution, and recording time were achieved with the advanced UHSI camera. FEA confirmed that the sample design allowed for testing the bonding interface under combined shear and compression stress close to physiological conditions. UHSI recorded that debonding occurred prior to fracture, highlighting the mixed failure mode.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Rim Slama, Oussama Ben-Ammar, Houda Tlahig, Ilhem Slama, Pierre Slangen
Summary: Despite the increasing use of automation, manual assembly and disassembly tasks are still common and have been discussed in the scientific literature for optimizing human well-being and system performance. New technologies such as motion tracking systems enable the collection of data to understand the impact of the work environment on employee well-being and productivity. Different metrics have been suggested to measure ergonomic and productivity scores, influencing system performance and optimization.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Hamza Bayd, Patrice Guyot, Benoit Bardy, Pierre R. L. Slangen
Summary: This paper proposes an innovative and playful method for assessing the synchronization between hand motion and music using the dynamic time warping algorithm. The preliminary study shows that the tempo of the songs affects the level of synchronization performance.
IMAGE ANALYSIS AND PROCESSING, ICIAP 2022 WORKSHOPS, PT I
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Z. Jelti, K. Lebel, B. Letellier, Pierre R. L. Slangen
Summary: This preliminary study focuses on determining the appropriate measurement systems to characterize movements responsible for lower back pathologies. It tests the use of a back-assisting exoskeleton for posture harness during loaded box picking to understand different body strategies used by individuals in performing the same task. The results validate the multimodal approach of using a back-assisting exoskeleton for posture harness in dynamic conditions.
MULTIMODAL SENSING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS II
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Industrial
Ahmed Boukar, Patrick Ienny, Stephane Corn, Pierre R. L. Slangen
Summary: High speed imaging was used for drop testing composite samples, with the study focusing on the impact of optical blur on image correlation accuracy. By adjusting blur magnitude through decreasing exposure time, the study found that even subpixel blur can alter correlation quality in high-speed imaging. The research also helps define a blur criterion for high-speed imaging and completes the study on the sampling rate effect in time resolved image correlation.
OPTICAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS FOR INDUSTRIAL INSPECTION XII
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chao Chen, Hang Chen, Li Mo, Shenbin Xiao, Changjun Li, Ming Yang, Genserik Reniers
Summary: Fire-induced domino effect is a major threat to hazardous material storage tanks. Previous research neglected the impact of wind load on the thermal buckling behavior of tanks exposed to fire. This paper conducts a numerical simulation to analyze the synergistic effects of fire and wind loads on the thermal post-buckling behavior of storage tanks, considering wind parameters and heat radiation parameters.
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhang Chu, Liu Lili, Li Wei, Li Beibei, Liu Mingxing
Summary: This study predicts the fatigue life of blasting discs using a combined simulation method and measures the deformation of conventional slotted blasting discs subjected to repeated loading using a high-precision laser scanning method. A relationship model is established between deformation, loading pressure, cycle number, and change in blasting pressure. The results show that the deformation varies linearly with the cycle number and follows a power function relationship with the change in blasting pressure. The deformation can be used to accurately predict the fatigue life of blasting discs.
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shin-Mei Ouyang, Jia-Chi Ye, Wei-Chun Chen, Yu-Jen Chen, Chin-Feng Chen
Summary: This study employed the Taguchi method and analysis of variance to investigate the factors that influence the deterioration of pyrotechnics when stored under different humidity and temperature conditions. Various experimental methods were used to study the microstructure, heat flow, and safety of the pyrotechnics. The results showed that humidity had a significant impact on the pyrotechnics, and controlling humidity could reduce the hazards associated with storing pyrotechnics.
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bei Li, Huiqiang Liu, Heng Gao, Chi-Min Shu, Mingshu Bi
Summary: The moisture content sprayed into the dust layer in industrial sites is a main factor affecting reignition. The study found that moisture has a certain influence on the thermophysical properties of the dust layer, playing an important role in heat transfer and heat absorption processes. The results showed that as the moisture content increased, the thermal conductivity and heat sink density of the sample increased, indicating the need to have a heat sink density higher than the heat increase value to suppress ignition.
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yue Jing, Yong Pan, Fan Yang, Dan Wei, Wenhe Wang
Summary: A comprehensive risk assessment method for the esterification process was proposed in this study. It established a comprehensive evaluation index system and utilized improved Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and cloud model for assessment. The method was validated through case studies and showed consistency with established indexes.
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2024)
