Review
Plant Sciences
Kjell De Vriese, Jacob Pollier, Alain Goossens, Tom Beeckman, Steffen Vanneste
Summary: Plants produce a wide variety of sterols through complex biosynthetic pathways, which play crucial roles in plant growth hormones and signal transduction. While some enzymatic steps are evolutionarily conserved, there are also entirely different enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathways, which has important implications for the use of plant-specific sterol biosynthesis inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Slawomira Drzymala-Czyz, Patrycja Krzyzanowska-Jankowska, Krzysztof Dziedzic, Aleksandra Lisowska, Szymon Kurek, Joanna Gozdzik-Spychalska, Victoria Kononets, Dagmara Wozniak, Edyta Madry, Jaroslaw Walkowiak
Summary: This study revealed that the sterol levels in CF patients were influenced by factors such as genotype, pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatic enzyme dose, and nutritional status. Malabsorption and pancreatic enzyme supplementation played a significant role in sterol abnormalities in CF patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maite M. Schroor, Fatma B. A. Mokhtar, Jogchum Plat, Ronald P. Mensink
Summary: This study found that certain SNPs are associated with cholesterol metabolism, including ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes with serum campesterol and/or sitosterol levels, NPC1L1 gene with serum lathosterol levels, and HMGCR and LBR genes with serum LDL-C concentrations. However, SNPs in cholesterol absorption genes were not associated with serum LDL-C concentrations.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yutaka Ishibashi, Hiroshi Yoshida, Kazuhiko Kotani, Yusuke Akiyama, Hisako Fujii, Mariko Harada-Shiba, Tatsuro Ishida, Yasushi Ishigaki, Daijiro Kabata, Yasuki Kihara, Satoshi Kurisu, Daisaku Masuda, Tetsuya Matoba, Kota Matsuki, Takeshi Matsumura, Kenta Mori, Tomoko Nakagami, Masamitsu Nakazato, Satsuki Taniuchi, Hiroaki Ueno, Shizuya Yamashita, Shozo Yano, Hisako Yoshida, Tetsuo Shoji
Summary: This study examined the values of serum non-cholesterol sterol markers in healthy individuals and factors affecting these markers. The results showed associations between these markers and age, BMI, and serum lipid levels. The study provides important insights for cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bahare Salehi, Cristina Quispe, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Natalia Cruz-Martins, Manisha Nigam, Abhay Prakash Mishra, Dmitryi Alexeevich Konovalov, Valeriya Orobinskaya, Ibrahim M. Abu-Reidah, Wissam Zam, Farukh Sharopov, Tommaso Venneri, Raffaele Capasso, Wirginia Kukula-Koch, Anna Wawruszak, Wojciech Koch
Summary: Phytosterols are plant-originated steroids with significant pharmacological effects, but their bioavailability is influenced by various factors and more research is needed to fully understand their therapeutic potential.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Panagiotis Anagnostis, Vasileios Kotsis, Maciej Banach, Dimitri P. P. Mikhailidis
Summary: Plant sterols, similar to cholesterol, can only be obtained through dietary sources and have the potential to lower cholesterol levels. However, high concentrations of phytosterols may increase the risk of atherosclerosis. Medications like ezetimibe can effectively reduce cholesterol and phytosterol absorption, but it is yet to be determined if this translates into a reduction in residual cardiovascular risk for patients.
Review
Plant Sciences
Madalina-Georgiana But, George Jitca, Silvia Imre, Camil Eugen Vari, Bianca Eugenia Osz, Carmen-Maria Jitca, Amelia Tero-Vescan
Summary: The prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) increases with age. Phytotherapeutic approaches have been developed due to the side effects of traditional medications, leading to the popularity of dietary supplements (DS) containing active compounds beneficial for BPH, such as phytosterols (PSs). However, the use of PSs in BPH is limited due to the lack of standardized extracts and experimental evidence.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Frans Stellaard, Sabine Baumgartner, Ronald Mensink, Bjorn Winkens, Jogchum Plat, Dieter Luetjohann
Summary: Under physiological conditions, cholesterol synthesis and absorption are not major determinants of circulating serum LDL-C concentrations in healthy subjects. These results need to be confirmed in large-scale studies in healthy subjects and patients at risk for cardiovascular disease.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valeria Sutti Nunes, Eliton Juniro da Silva, Guilherme da Silva Ferreira, Sayonara Ivana Santos de Assis, Patricia Miralda Cazita, Edna Regina Nakandakare, Vanessa Helena de Souza Zago, Eliana Cotta de Faria, Eder Carlos Rocha Quintao
Summary: Non-cholesterol sterols play an important role in cholesterol metabolism, and their distribution in plasma lipoproteins varies according to HDL cholesterol levels in healthy individuals.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiao Yang, Changfu Li, Yansheng Zhang
Summary: 24-Methylene-cholesterol is essential for the biosynthesis of physalin and withanolide, both showing promising anticancer activities. By engineering the biosynthesis pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a high-yield strain producing 24-methylene-cholesterol was obtained, serving as a platform for further research on downstream enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of physalin or withanolide.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lishan Gu, Rongxin Zhang, Xuqian Fan, Yu Wang, Kaiyu Ma, Jingjing Jiang, Gen Li, Honglei Wang, Feiyu Fan, Xueli Zhang
Summary: This study developed an efficient CRISPR/Cas9 toolkit to address challenges in genetic manipulation of the polyploid genome of industrial yeast Cyberlindnera jadinii. The toolkit achieved high efficiency in single-gene knockdown and integration of exogenous genes. The research demonstrated the potential of C. jadinii in producing heterologous sterols and successfully increased the production of campesterol and cholesterol through shake-flask fermentation and high-cell-density fed-batch fermentation.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Koichi Machida, Yuji Koseki, Akira Kotani, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi Miura, Hideki Hakamata
Summary: It was found that brassicasterol-d(1) exists in the serum of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Therefore, an analytical method was developed to simultaneously determine the serum concentration of ergosterol-d(1) and brassicasterol-d(1). The experimental results showed that the peak serum concentration of brassicasterol-d(1) was 3 times higher than that of ergosterol-d(1).
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengjia Yuan, Fuyin Ma, Xing Dai, Lixi Chen, Fuwan Zhai, Linwei He, Mingxing Zhang, Junchang Chen, Jie Shu, Xiaomei Wang, Xia Wang, Yugang Zhang, Xiaobin Fu, Zhenyu Li, Chenglong Guo, Long Chen, Zhifang Chai, Shuao Wang
Summary: By introducing the isotope effect, the luminescence performance of COFs has been significantly improved. The deuterated COF achieved an impressive 19-fold enhancement in quantum yield compared to the non-deuterated counterpart. This strategy is proven to be applicable to many other types of emissive COFs.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabio Ferrini, Daniele Fraternale, Sabrina Donati Zeppa, Giancarlo Verardo, Andrea Gorassini, Vittoria Carrabs, Maria Cristina Albertini, Piero Sestili
Summary: The study revealed valuable bioactives in cannabis root extracts, with significantly increased production of bioactive molecules using aeroponic techniques, potentially leading to the exploitation of therapeutic potential of all parts of cannabis.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Teruo Jojima, Shintaro Sakurai, Sho Wakamatsu, Toshie Iijima, Masahiro Saito, Takuya Tomaru, Takahiko Kogai, Isao Usui, Yoshimasa Aso
Summary: Empagliflozin increases serum campesterol, a marker of cholesterol absorption, in patients with type 2 diabetes. This increase may be associated with SGLT2 inhibitor-induced increases in HDL cholesterol. Positive correlation was found between changes in plasma campesterol and changes in HDL-c levels in the empagliflozin group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Josephine Brunin, Philippe Pointereau, Benjamin Alles, Mathilde Touvier, Serge Hercberg, Denis Lairon, Julia Baudry, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
Summary: The study identified a trend towards healthier and plant-based diets over a 4-year period among certain population subgroups. Females, young individuals, and postgraduate participants were more likely to increase their consumption of healthful plant and animal-based foods, organic foods, and improve the overall nutritional quality of their diets during the follow-up period than their counterparts.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cedric Gaillard, Eric O. Verger, Sandrine Dury, Marie Claude Dop, Jalila El Ati
Summary: This study examines the association between agricultural production diversity and women's dietary diversity among smallholder farming households in central Tunisia. The findings suggest a weak positive association between agricultural production diversity and women's dietary diversity, as well as a stronger association with women's education and household wealth.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Denis Lairon, Benjamin Alles, Louise Seconda, Pauline Rebouillat, Josephine Brunin, Rodolphe Vidal, Bruno Taupier-Letage, Pilar Galan, Marie-Josephe Amiot, Sandrine Peneau, Mathilde Touvier, Christine Boizot-Santai, Veronique Ducros, Louis-Georges Soler, Jean-Pierre Cravedi, Laurent Debrauwer, Serge Hercberg, Brigitte Langevin, Philippe Pointereau, Julia Baudry
Summary: Compared to nonorganic food consumers, organic food consumers have a healthier diet that is richer in plant-based food, leading to lower environmental pressures. Organic food consumption is associated with lower risks of obesity, diabetes, and cancer, which may be due to lower exposure to synthetic pesticide residues. Further research is needed to replicate these findings in different cultural settings and experimental studies.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicolas Monjotin, Marie Josephe Amiot, Jacques Fleurentin, Jean Michel Morel, Sylvie Raynal
Summary: This review focuses on the human healthcare benefits of seven phytochemical families and highlights their significant potential contribution in the prevention and management of pathologies and symptoms in the field of family health.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patrick Borel, Romane Troadec, Morgane Damiani, Charlotte Halimi, Marion Nowicki, Philippe Guichard, Charlene Couturier, Marielle Margier, Lourdes Mounien, Michel Grino, Emmanuelle Reboul, Jean-Francois Landrier, Charles Desmarchelier
Summary: Perinatal deficiency of vitamin A affects the metabolism of this vitamin in the offspring, particularly in males severely deficient in this vitamin. Additionally, severe vitamin A deficiency impairs the bioavailability of beta-carotene and vitamins D and E.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mark Pretzel Zumaraga, Patrick Borel, Romain Bott, Marion Nowicki, Denis Lairon, Charles Desmarchelier
Summary: This study investigates whether a combination of SNPs is associated with the variability in phytofluene bioavailability in a healthy male adult population. The results show a large interindividual variability in phytofluene bioavailability. A partial least squares regression model comprising 14 SNPs is able to explain a significant part of this variability.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ikpidi Badji, France Caillavet, Marie Josephe Amiot
Summary: The promotion efforts by FAO to increase the consumption of pulses in France have resulted in an 8.4% increase in purchasing, with younger participants, urban residents, and lower-income households showing the highest increase. However, consumption still remains below the recommended level, indicating a need for more public information and education on the health and sustainability benefits of pulses.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lisa Morand-Laffargue, Joseph Hirschberg, Charlotte Halimi, Charles Desmarchelier, Patrick Borel
Summary: Research shows that the tomato variety Xantomato can synthesize the essential compound zeaxanthin (ZEA) for the human body. In vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell experiments indicate that the bioavailability of ZEA in Xantomato is similar to that in other fruits and vegetables containing this compound, suggesting that Xantomato could be a nutritionally relevant source of ZEA.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Arnaud Lamy, Sandrine Costa, Celine Vial, Ikpidi Badji, Myriam Carrere, Pascaline Rollet, Marie Josephe Amiot
Summary: In France, the horsemeat market has been declining for 50 years and has become specialized. This study examines the drivers and practices of consumers and non-consumers to understand this decline and estimate market potential. Analyzing two sets of data, the results highlight the potential for sustainable horsemeat consumption, provided moral acceptance is considered. Horsemeat offers nutritional and environmental benefits and can serve as a sustainable alternative to beef consumption.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Patrick Borel, Faiza Hammaz, Lucie Lecourt, Gregory Marconot, Guillian Gillet, Camille Rozier, Charles Desmarchelier
Summary: Turmeric curcuminoids, including curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, have low bioavailability. This study found that the bioaccessibility of curcuminoids decreases when consumed with food, while curcuminoids incorporated into gamma-cyclodextrins show higher bioaccessibility.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick Borel, Olivier Dangles, Rachel E. Kopec
Summary: Metabolites of organic compounds can have protective effects, and consuming diets rich in fruits and vegetables can lower the risk of developing certain degenerative diseases.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julia Baudry, Floriane Neves, Denis Lairon, Benjamin Alles, Brigitte Langevin, Josephine Brunin, Florine Berthy, Ina Danquah, Mathilde Touvier, Serge Hercberg, Marie-Josephe Amiot, Philippe Pointereau, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and sustainability domains. The results showed that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with higher nutritional quality and reduced environmental impact. However, it also increased monetary cost and pesticide exposure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lisa Morand-Laffargue, Stephane Delbecq, Benjamin Creton, Damien Sabatier, Marie Papin, Claudie Dhuique-Mayer, Patrick Borel
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the bioavailability of provitamin A (proVA) in black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and its ability to restore vitamin A (VA) status in mammals. Using gerbils as a model, the animals were fed different diets containing either 13-carotene (13-C) from sweet potatoes (SP) or 13-C from BSFL. The results showed that 13-C from the BSFL matrix was bioavailable and could improve VA status, although its effectiveness was reduced compared to the sweet potato matrix.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Peter Biu Ngigi, Claire Mouquet-Rivier, Marie-Josephe Amiot, Celine Termote, Dominique Pallet
Summary: Long-life cycle pulses in sub-Saharan Africa have the potential to enhance food security and ecosystem resilience, but are currently undervalued and neglected. Integrating long-life cycle pulses into existing farming systems can increase agrobiodiversity, alleviate malnutrition, poverty, and inequality.
FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
(2022)