Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Grazyna Pyka-Fosciak, Grzegorz J. Lis, Jan A. Litwin
Summary: This study aims to examine the expression of adhesion molecules in different phases of EAE and the effect of anti-VLA-4 mAb treatment. The results showed that the expression of adhesion molecules exhibited different temporal patterns in different phases of EAE. Anti-VLA-4 mAb not only inhibited the expression of VLA-4, but also affected the expression of other adhesion molecules.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ruoyu Li, Hui Li, Xiaoyan Yang, Huiru Hu, Peidong Liu, Hongbo Liu
Summary: This review summarizes the interaction and protective mechanisms between dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in multiple sclerosis (MS), explores their potential value in the treatment of MS, and proposes new therapeutic directions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Gregory F. F. Wu
Summary: The fluid compartment surrounding the central nervous system (CNS) is a unique source of immune cells capable of reflecting the pathophysiology of neurologic diseases. Limited sample volume, blood contamination, and lack of feasible longitudinal approaches are barriers to routine assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent work employing transcriptomics have been used to explore new concepts in CNS inflammation and MS. Future approaches, including examination of CSF myeloid subsets, single cell transcriptomics incorporating antigen receptor sequencing, and use of diverse animal models, may provide critical insights into the pathogenesis of, and therapeutic developments for, MS.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haishan Li, Yingying Zeng, Shunchang Luo, Zhenhua Li, Fang Huang, Zonghua Liu
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that mainly affects young adults. CD4+ T cells play a significant role in the inflammatory processes of MS. Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, has been found to be associated with CD4+ T cells, but its impact on MS remains unclear.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Saisai Ren, Xiaorong Zhang, Hongbing Guan, Lihong Wu, Miao Yu, Dan Hou, Yongyong Yan, Xuechun Fang
Summary: The study found that the probiotic Lactobacillus acidipiscis in the intestine can suppress the development of multiple sclerosis by inducing the generation of regulatory T cells. This helps to inhibit the progression of the disease and shows potential for treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Arezoo Hosseini, Tohid Gharibi, Adel Mohammadzadeh, Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan, Farhad Jadidi-niaragh, Zohreh Babaloo, Dariush Shanehbandi, Elham Baghbani, Behzad Baradaran
Summary: Ruxolitinib ameliorated the severity of EAE by modulating the balance between Th17 cells and Tregs, reducing inflammatory markers levels and increasing levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Article
Immunology
Jie Lv, Mengyao Han, Guangyu Liu, Wei Zhuang, Chun Wang, Ling Xie, Kaidireya Saimaier, Sanxing Han, Changjie Shi, Qiuhong Hua, Ru Zhang, Changsheng Du
Summary: Apoptosis is important in maintaining the homeostasis of the body and immune system, but its dysfunction can lead to autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). An animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is used to study MS. In this study, we found that carboplatin (CA), a platinum anti-tumor drug, reduced inflammation and demyelination in EAE mice. CA also decreased pathogenic T cell numbers and proportions in the spleen and lymph nodes of EAE mice. Additionally, CA induced apoptosis and inhibited T cell proliferation. These findings suggest that CA has potential as a novel drug for MS treatment.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Martina Spiljar, Vijay K. Kuchroo
Summary: This article discusses the impact of differentiation, immune checkpoint pathways, transcriptional regulation, and metabolic factors on the function of CD4(+) T cell subsets in neuroinflammatory diseases. T cells rely on metabolic reprogramming to meet their bioenergetic demands, which also plays a role in fine-tuning the neuroinflammatory process. Understanding factors that influence CD4(+) T cell subsets can lead to a better understanding of neuroinflammatory diseases and the development of new treatment paradigms.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianling Jiang, Xin Ma, Gaochen Zhu, Wen Si, Lingyu He, Guan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EAE induction on thymopoiesis and T cell development, revealing changes such as increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and a blockade in the transition from double-negative thymocytes to double-positive cells. It was also found that positive selection was disrupted in the thymus of EAE mice, along with an increased production of regulatory T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Review
Immunology
Jarne Belien, An Goris, Patrick Matthys
Summary: This review highlights the important role of natural killer (NK) cells in the immunopathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Through studies using animal models, genetics, as well as ex vivo and in vitro research on MS patients, evidence has been found for the contribution of NK cells to the pathogenesis of MS. The discovery of NK cell heterogeneity using modern hypothesis-free technologies such as single-cell transcriptomics has further blurred the boundaries between adaptive and innate immunity. Understanding the heterogeneity of NK cells and the mechanistic link between innate and adaptive immune cell functions may lead to the use of NK cells as prognostic tools and therapeutic targets for MS and other currently incurable autoimmune disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Sofia Pereira das Neves, Joao Carlos Sousa, Nuno Sousa, Joao Jose Cerqueira, Fernanda Marques
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that affects about 2.5 million people worldwide. There is currently no cure for MS and the available treatments only slow the initial phases of the disease. Disease progression and disability in MS are better correlated with the maintenance of a persistent low-grade inflammation inside the CNS, driven by local glial cells like astrocytes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tae Woo Kim, Yujin Kim, Wonsik Jung, Dong Eon Kim, Hyeongseop Keum, Youngju Son, Sangyong Jon
Summary: BRNPs have shown potential in delaying disease onset, suppressing disease progression and severity, and reducing disease incidence rate in the EAE mouse model, without the need for systemic immunosuppression. Studies have found that BRNPs negatively regulate the differentiation of naive CD4(+) T cells into Th17 cells by scavenging reactive oxygen species.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Paula F. Krieg, Jana K. Sonner, Roberta Kurelic, Jan Broder Engler, Marlena F. Scharenberg, Simone Bauer, Viacheslav O. Nikolaev, Manuel A. Friese
Summary: GPR52 regulates cAMP levels in T cells but does not affect T cell function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yingying Wei, Zachary Braunstein, Jun Chen, Xinwen Min, Handong Yang, Lihua Duan, Lingli Dong, Jixin Zhong
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease mediated by T cells, but the exact signaling pathways involved in effector T cells in MS are not well understood. This study investigated the role of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and its potential as a therapeutic target in MS. The results showed that knockout of JAK2 in T cells prevented the development of MS in mice. In vitro experiments also demonstrated that JAK2 disruption suppressed the differentiation of TH1 cells and the production of IFN gamma. These findings suggest that overactive JAK2 signaling in T lymphocytes plays a critical role in MS and could be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sai Ying, Haihao Yang, Qianlan Gu, Zhao Wu, Nanting Zou, Chong-Zhi Wang, Chunping Wan, Chun-Su Yuan
Summary: Baicalein, a compound derived from Scutellarin baicalensis, inhibits the differentiation of pathogenic CXCR6+ T cells and shows therapeutic effects on MS. It reduces disease severity, inflammation, and demyelination in EAE. It also selectively blocks IL-17A production and specific immune responses. Additionally, baicalein decreases the number of CXCR6+ CD4 and CD8 cells and inhibits the production of CXCR6+ Th17 cells.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
