Article
Otorhinolaryngology
L. Lopez, P. Garcia-Cabo, J. L. Llorente, F. Lopez, J. P. Rodrigo
Summary: This study aims to describe the outcomes of salvage surgery in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The results showed that patients with nodal persistence/recurrence have a poor prognosis, but in a substantial number of patients, the disease can be controlled after salvage neck dissection.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Moran Amit, Chuan Liu, Jobran Mansour, Frederico O. Gleber-Netto, Samantha Tam, Erez N. Baruch, Mohamed Aashiq, Adel K. El-Naggar, Amy C. Moreno, David I. Rosenthal, Bonnie S. Glisson, Renata Ferrarotto, Michael K. Wong, Kenneth Tsai, Elsa R. Flores, Michael R. Migden, Deborah A. Silverman, Goujun Li, Anshu Khanna, Ryan P. Goepfert, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Randal S. Weber, Jeffrey N. Myers, Neil D. Gross
Summary: The study showed that elective neck dissection (END) did not improve survival rates for patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the head and neck and no evidence of regional metastasis. Further research is needed to clarify the role of END in patients with advanced disease.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Wataru Okano, Ryuichi Hayashi, Kazuto Matsuura, Takeshi Shinozaki, Toshifumi Tomioka
Summary: The study indicates that targeted neck dissection (ND) after definitive chemoradiotherapy is an effective intervention for patients with cervical disease recurrence, showing promising survival rates and control rates.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Roland Giger, Raffael Fink, Marco Dematt, Miranda Visini, Olgun Elicin, Lukas Anschuetz
Summary: This study identifies initial stage IVA-B, extracapsular spread, higher involved/total lymph node ratio, and soft-tissue infiltration as independent adverse prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) following isolated regional recurrences. The incidence of occult additional metastasis in radiologically uninvolved levels during salvage neck dissections was high (25%).
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jacopo Galli, Giovanni Di Cintio, Stefano Settimi, Antonio Salvati, Claudio Parrilla, Giovanni Almadori, Gaetano Paludetti
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of salvage total laryngectomy and elective bilateral neck dissection on the survival rate and oncologic outcomes of patients with clinically negative neck. The study found that occult neck node metastasis occurred in 22.5% of the patients, with significant correlation between lymphovascular invasion and perineural invasion. The study suggests routinely performing elective selective bilateral neck dissection in cN0 patients due to the tumor's propensity to spread to cervical nodes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shichen Zhang, Zhengqiang Li, Zhimin Xu, Yixin Tang, Congcong Duan, Huanyan Dai, Xinyu Dai, Xin Wei, Yan Liu, Caina Xu, Bing Han
Summary: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common type of head and neck cancer. Traditional treatments can have negative effects on physiological functions and appearance. This article discusses the use of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based cancer therapy and summarizes various nanotherapeutics for HNSCC, including photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy, radiation therapy, and chemodynamic therapy. The challenges and future directions for these treatments are also discussed.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sindhu Nair, James A. Bonner, Markus Bredel
Summary: EGFR is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and anti-EGFR strategies have shown some clinical benefit but often lead to resistance. Mutations in various domains of the EGFR gene can impact drug binding, radiation response, and overall survival in HNSCC patients. Understanding the EGFR mutational landscape and its effects on treatment resistance can help stratify patients for targeted therapies and maximize therapeutic benefits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Gerhard Frank Huber
Summary: Survival rates for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) except for HPV-induced cancers of the oropharynx have not substantially changed over the last decades. Salvage surgery is important when primary treatment fails, as 50% of advanced-stage patients relapse after nonsurgical primary treatment. Depending on various factors, a considerable number of patients who do not respond to primary treatment can still be cured by salvage surgery. The goal of this review is to clarify these factors to realistically counsel patients and their relatives about the chances of being cured.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingying Gong, Lisha Bao, Tong Xu, Xiaofen Yi, Jinming Chen, Shanshan Wang, Zongfu Pan, Ping Huang, Minghua Ge
Summary: The development of HNSCC is a multi-step process that depends on a complex tumor ecosystem. Recent advances in understanding cell-cell interaction in HNSCC tumor ecosystem and the effects of biological and abiotic factors are discussed, along with the emerging ecological treatment strategy based on existing studies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ameeta Lubina Nayak, Arthur Travis Pickett, Megan Delisle, Brittany Dingley, Ranjeeta Mallick, Trevor Hamilton, Heather Stuart, Martha Talbot, Gregory Mckinnon, Evan Jost, Eva Thiboutot, Valerie Francescutti, Sal Samman, Alexandra Easson, Angela Schellenberg, Shaila Merchant, Julie La, Kaitlin Vanderbeck, Frances Wright, David Berger-Richardson, Pamela Hebbard, Olivia Hershorn, Rami Younan, Erica Patocskai, Samuel Rodriguez-Qizilbash, Ari Meguerditichian, Vanina Tchuente, Suzanne Kazandjian, Alex Mathieson, Farisa Hossain, Jessika Hetu, Martin Corsten, Angelina Tohme, Carolyn Nessim, Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki
Summary: This study, the largest Canadian evaluation of survival outcomes for head and neck MCC, found that disease staging and treatment modalities are associated with survival. Multimodal treatment is associated with higher survival rates across all stages of the disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Zhou, Xiaoshen Wang
Summary: This review provides a detailed illustration of the biology, genomic features, and immune landscapes of HPV-associated HNSCC, supporting the synergistic effect of radioimmunotherapy. Current evidence and ongoing clinical trials suggest the potential of radioimmunotherapy in recurrent/metastatic or definitive settings. Future challenges include optimization of radiotherapy and the incorporation of novel therapeutic options.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kamila Romanowska, Agnieszka Sobecka, Agnieszka A. Rawluszko-Wieczorek, Wiktoria M. Suchorska, Wojciech Golusinski
Summary: Head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most prevalent cancer worldwide, with molecular pathogenesis involving cell cycle disorders, intercellular signaling, proliferation, squamous cell differentiation, and apoptosis. In addition to genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications play a key role in promoting cancer formation and progression, making them potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HNSCC.
Article
Oncology
Yazan Abu-Shama, Julia Salleron, Florent Carsuzaa, Xu-Shan Sun, Carole Pflumio, Idriss Troussier, Claire Petit, Matthieu Caubet, Arnaud Beddok, Valentin Calugaru, Stephanie Servagi-Vernat, Joel Castelli, Jessica Miroir, Marco Krengli, Paul Giraud, Edouard Romano, Jonathan Khalifa, Melanie Dore, Nicolas Blanchard, Alexandre Coutte, Charles Dupin, Shakeel Sumodhee, Yungan Tao, Vincent Roth, Lionel Geoffrois, Bruno Toussaint, Duc Trung Nguyen, Jean-Christophe Faivre, Juliette Thariat
Summary: A retrospective multicentric study on 322 patients with head and neck cancers of unknown primary (HNCUP) found that neck dissection (ND) improved progression-free survival (PFS) regardless of nodal stage, but did not improve survival rates. The extent of ND did not affect the benefits of the procedure, and the benefits decreased with a more advanced nodal stage.
Review
Biology
Yang Li, Shengtao Gao, Qi Hu, Fanglong Wu
Summary: Exosomes play a critical role in tumor microenvironment by facilitating cell-cell communication, although the functional roles of stroma-derived exosomes are still unclear. Despite their potential applications in tumor diagnosis and treatment, there are still obstacles to be overcome.
Review
Immunology
Kang Li, Xianhai Zeng, Peng Liu, Xiaoxia Zeng, Jie Lv, Shuqi Qiu, Peng Zhang
Summary: This review discusses the important role of inflammation in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) through multiple mechanisms and explores the potential of targeting inflammation for the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC, aiming to improve patient prognosis.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Francesca De Felice, Thomas Bird, Andriana Michaelidou, Jean-Pierre Jeannon, Ricard Simo, Richard Oakley, Andrew Lyons, Alastair Fry, Luke Cascarini, Arora Asit, Selvam Thavaraj, Miguel Reis Ferreira, Imran Petkar, Anthony Kong, Mary Lei, Teresa Guerrero Urbano
Summary: This study reports the clinical outcomes of relapsed oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) after definitive intensity-modulated (chemo)radiotherapy. The results showed that salvage curative surgery was associated with a higher survival rate compared to palliative treatment and best supportive care. HPV-positive disease and early complete response within 3 months from the end of (C)RT may be related to better post-failure survival rate.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
L. Robb, S. Y. Hey, H. Reid, I. J. Nixon
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of ethanol ablation as a safe and effective treatment option for thyroid cysts in the emergency setting. Three patients were treated within 24 hours of presentation to hospital and all had symptom resolution and significant radiological improvement. Ethanol ablation is a cost-effective and efficient treatment option for thyroid cysts in acute situations.
JOURNAL OF LARYNGOLOGY AND OTOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Otorhinolaryngology
Louise Thompson, Patrick Ward, Iain J. Nixon, Pamela Milligan, Alistair F. McNarry
CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Pavithran Maniam, Noah Harding, Lucy Li, Richard Adamson, Ashley Hay, Ian Nixon
Summary: Less than 4% of thyroid cancer patients in the UK would be appropriate for active surveillance, so efforts should be focused on minimizing the detection of low-risk cases.
CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lucy Q. Li, Martyna Adamowicz, Robert A. Wescott, Sophie J. Warlow, John P. Thomson, Christelle Robert, Lara M. Carey, Helen Thain, Kate Cuschieri, Brendan Conn, Ashley Hay, Timothy J. Aitman, Iain J. Nixon
Summary: This study aimed to determine the potential of post-treatment HPV cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker for salvage neck dissection in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) showing a partial response in the neck on imaging. Results showed that the detection of HPV cfDNA had a high positive predictive value in identifying patients with positive disease on subsequent neck dissection. However, there were cases of regional disease recurrence in patients with undetectable HPV cfDNA, indicating the need for further validation and larger studies on the use of post-treatment HPV cfDNA in OPSCC management.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
L. Li, T. Tikka, C. Morton, C. Chan, L. Hayois, M. Henderson, C. Hastie, L. Lee, L. Porteus, I Nixon
Summary: This study investigated the use of the head and neck cancer risk calculator version 2 in a primary care setting and evaluated its impact on referrals and cancer diagnosis. The analysis of referrals showed that there was a higher proportion of older and male patients after using the risk calculator. The use of the risk calculator led to an increase in the proportion of urgent suspicion of cancer cases and an overall increase in the cancer diagnosis rate.
JOURNAL OF LARYNGOLOGY AND OTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Pavithran Maniam, Shi Ying Hey, David Summers, Helen Reid, Ian Nixon
CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
N. Evans Harding, Richard Simo, L. Li, P. Maniam, R. Adamson, A. Hay, B. Conn, M. Lyall, I. J. Nixon
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between multifocality and the risk of recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The results showed that multifocality itself does not contribute to worse outcomes in PTC, but the presence of 4 or more foci is associated with worse outcomes and may serve as a threshold for treatment intensification.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Francesca De Felice, L. Humbert-Vidan, M. Lei, A. King, T. Guerrero Urbano
Summary: The purpose of this study was to establish a nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) in oropharyngeal cancer patients treated with curative (chemo)radiotherapy. The nomogram, incorporating three explanatory variables, showed good predictive performance for OS outcome.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Beatriz G. Cavalheiro, Jatin P. Shah, Gregory W. Randolph, Jesus E. Medina, Ralph P. Tufano, Mark Zafereo, Dana M. Hartl, Iain J. J. Nixon, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Vincent Vander Poorten, Fernando Lopez, Avi Hefetz Khafif, Randall P. Owen, Ashok Shaha, Juan P. Rodrigo, Alessandra Rinaldo, Antti A. Maekitie, Carl E. Silver, Alvaro Sanabria, Luiz P. Kowalski, Alfio Ferlito
Summary: Surgery is often the preferred treatment for locoregional recurrences of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas, but other therapies can be considered on an individual basis. These patients have prolonged survival, but may require long periods of active disease and subsequent treatments. This review discusses various treatment options for well-differentiated thyroid cancer, including surgery, active surveillance, radioactive iodine therapy, and more.
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Alvaro Sanabria, Carlos Betancourt, Carlos Chiesa-Estomba, Andres Coca-Pelaz, Ewa Florek, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Fernando Lopez, Antti A. Makitie, Iain J. Nixon, Gregory Randolph, Alessandra Rinaldo, Juan Pablo Rodrigo, Ashok R. Shaha, Ralph P. Tufano, Mark Zafereo, Alfio Ferlito
Summary: Adequate pain control is important for patients' quality of life and recovery. However, current pain management practices may contribute to the opioid addiction crisis. This study summarizes evidence on locoregional interventions for reducing pain and discomfort after thyroidectomy, and finds that these interventions can significantly impact postoperative pain, potentially reduce opioid use, and improve patient outcomes.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Agata Czarnywojtek, Ewa Florek, Krzysztof Pietronczyk, Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj, Marek Ruchala, Ohad Ronen, Iain J. Nixon, Ashok R. Shaha, Juan Pablo Rodrigo, Ralph Patrick Tufano, Mark Zafereo, Gregory William Randolph, Alfio Ferlito
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency has received significant attention in medical research due to its role in regulating calcium-phosphorus metabolism and its potential impact on the immune system. Studies have shown that Vitamin D deficiency can affect autoimmune diseases, coeliac disease, infections, and cancer. Recent research has also highlighted its significant role in autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and postpartum thyroiditis. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the role of Vitamin D in autoimmune thyroid diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Fernando Lopez, Abir Al Ghuzlan, Mark Zafereo, Vincent Vander Poorten, K. Thomas Robbins, Marc Hamoir, Iain J. Nixon, Ralph P. Tufano, Gregory Randolph, Pia Pace-Asciak, Peter Angelos, Andres Coca-Pelaz, Avi Khafif, Ohad Ronen, Juan Pablo Rodrigo, Alvaro Sanabria, Carsten E. Palme, Antti A. Makitie, Luiz P. Kowalski, Alessandra Rinaldo, Alfio Ferlito
Summary: In non-well differentiated thyroid cancer, the rate of nodal involvement varies depending on the histology of the tumor. Treatment for anaplastic carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and poorly differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid is well-established. However, treatment for other rare tumors needs to be individualized based on histology and anatomical distribution. The rate of lymph node involvement in non-well differentiated thyroid cancer is variable. Different types of thyroid cancer require different approaches to neck management.
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Duncan Cooper, Sebastian Aspinall, Ashley Hay, Richard Adamson, Iain Nixon
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Lydia Robb, Shi Ying Hey, Helen Reid, Iain Nixon
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)