Article
Clinical Neurology
Defang Liu, Rupei Liang, Shuxin Bai, Bo Lan, Guoyong Liu, Debin Wang, Suo Yuan, Wenjie Sun, Guangyu Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that modified electroconvulsive therapy has significant effects on neurometabolites, MRSI signals, and quality of life in patients with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. It effectively relieves obsessive-compulsive symptoms, improves overall health scores, and is associated with changes in right brain functional activities.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin Klugah-Brown, Chenyang Jiang, Elijah Agoalikum, Xinqi Zhou, Liye Zou, Qian Yu, Benjamin Becker, Bharat Biswal
Summary: This study aimed to identify robust brain structural markers for compulsivity across substance use disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The findings indicate widespread GMV reductions in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in both disorders, suggesting a transdiagnostic brain structural marker. The IFG plays a key role in the cognitive control network and exhibits bidirectional interactions with the striatum.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicole C. R. McLaughlin, Peter M. Lauro, Morgan T. Patrick, Francesco G. Pucci, Adriel Barrios-Anderson, Benjamin D. Greenberg, Steven A. Rasmussen, Wael F. Asaad
Summary: This study reported the clinical outcomes and safety profile of using MR-guided LITT for bilateral ventral anterior capsulotomy for OCD. The results showed that LITT ventral capsulotomy was generally well tolerated and effective in most patients, with some adverse effects observed.
Article
Psychiatry
Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Bruna A. Sottili, Roseli G. Shavitt, Antonio C. Lopes, Carolina Cappi, Maria Alice de Mathis, Bruno Pastorello, Juliana B. Diniz, Renata M. F. Silva, Euripedes C. Miguel, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Maria C. Otaduy
Summary: Recent H-1-MRS studies have found abnormal levels of glutamate and gamma aminobutyric acid in the brains of OCD patients, potentially related to hyperactivation in cortico-striatal circuits. The study identified decreased Glu/Cr concentrations in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex of OCD patients, indicating an imbalance in excitatory neurotransmission.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jian Wang, Guanmin Hua, Shibin Wang, Guangquan Guo, Dongming Quan, Siyu Yao, Huirong Zheng
Summary: This study found that low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms by modulating glutamatergic levels in the bilateral striatum of patients with OCD. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) score significantly decreased in the rTMS treatment group compared with the control group. Glutamate (Glu) and glutamate and glutamine complexes (Glx) in the bilateral striatum increased significantly with the improvement of OCD, and were positively correlated with compulsion after the treatment.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Drew C. Schreiner, Christian Cazares, Rafael Renteria, Christina M. Gremel
Summary: Prior experience plays a crucial role in guiding adaptive behavior during decision making. This study demonstrates that mice not only use information from prior actions and rewards, but also selectively incorporate information from recent and longer-term experiences, including checking behavior and the passage of time, to guide self-initiated actions. These experiences are represented in the secondary motor cortex and its projections into the dorsal medial striatum, which influence strategy-level decision-making.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Trevor. W. Robbins
Summary: This scientific commentary discusses the research conducted by Kim et al. on the unbalanced fronto-pallidal neurocircuit underlying set shifting in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, published in the journal Brain.
Article
Psychiatry
Wenxin Tang, Ting Shen, Yueqi Huang, Wenjing Zhu, Shujun You, Cheng Zhu, Luyue Zhang, Jiehua Ma, Yiquan Wang, Jingping Zhao, Tao Li, Hsin-Yi Lai
Summary: This study investigated the differences in brain structure, neural activity, and white matter microstructure between drug-naive OCD patients and healthy controls using ultrahigh field 7.0 T multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. The results showed that drug-naive OCD patients had increased gray matter volume in the frontal cortex, especially in the orbitofrontal cortex, and decreased volume in the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, and cerebellum. Altered neural activities and connectivities were also observed. These findings suggest that alterations in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit, limbic system, default mode network, and other networks are involved in the neurophysiology of OCD.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guowei Luo, Shibin Wang, Siyu Yao, Dongming Quan, Guangquan Guo, Junling Gao, Huirong Zheng
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in alleviating symptoms and affecting neurometabolites in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) of OCD patients. The results showed that patients who underwent rTMS treatment displayed lower scores in symptoms of OCD and depression after four weeks, and there were changes in glutamate levels in the pACC. Therefore, rTMS treatment is an effective therapy for OCD, with effects on neurometabolites.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zibin Yang, Shu Xiao, Ting Su, Jiayin Gong, Zhangzhang Qi, Guanmao Chen, Pan Chen, Guixian Tang, SiYing Fu, Hong Yan, Li Huang, Ying Wang
Summary: This meta-analysis study found abnormalities in both function and structure in the bilateral mPFC/ACC, insula, and IFG in patients with OCD. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of OCD and the development of more targeted and efficacious treatment and intervention strategies.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jihui Yue, Shuming Zhong, Aimin Luo, Shunkai Lai, Tingting He, Yuchong Luo, Ying Wang, Yiliang Zhang, Shiyi Shen, Hui Huang, Shenglin Wen, Yanbin Jia
Summary: Drug-naive OCD patients exhibit impairments in working memory, including phonological loop, visual-spatial sketchpad, and central executive system, which may be associated with hypometabolism in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), especially the left PFC.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiaxiang Chen, Chong Tian, Qun Zhang, Hui Xiang, Rongpin Wang, Xiaofei Hu, Xianchun Zeng
Summary: This study used the Atlas-based method to detect volume changes in subregions of the basal ganglia in OCD patients, and compared the effects of different software on volumetric analysis. The results showed a significantly increased volume of bilateral lenticular nucleus in OCD patients compared to healthy controls. In addition, the Atlas-based method using Freesurfer software revealed a significantly increased volume of left globus pallidus, with the largest effect size of volumetric variation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Niels T. de Joode, Anders L. Thorsen, Eline L. Vester, Chris Vriend, Petra J. W. Pouwels, Kristen Hagen, Olga T. Ousdal, Bjarne Hansen, Gerd Kvale, Odile A. van den Heuvel
Summary: The study found no abnormalities in neurometabolites in the dACC of OCD patients before treatment or over time, and the changes induced by ERP treatment seem to depend more on comorbid mood disorders and disease stage rather than OCD itself.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sean C. Piantadosi, Brittany L. Chamberlain, Jill R. Glausier, David A. Lewis, Susanne E. Ahmari
Summary: Studies have found that OCD patients have significantly lower levels of transcripts related to excitatory signaling in both cortical and striatal regions compared to unaffected individuals. While the majority of transcripts encoding excitatory synaptic proteins were lower in OFC, there were no significant differences in the striatum of OCD subjects. These findings suggest a potential upstream causal event in the observed lower levels of multiple glutamatergic transcripts across both medial and lateral OFC.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jean-Paul Fouche, Nynke A. Groenewold, Tatum Sevenoaks, Sarah Heany, Christine Lochner, Pino Alonso, Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Narcis Cardoner, Christopher R. K. Ching, Stella J. de Wit, Boris Gutman, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Neda Jahanshad, Minah Kim, Jun Soo Kwon, David Mataix-Cols, Jose M. Menchon, Euripedes C. Miguel, Takashi Nakamae, Mary L. Phillips, Jesus Pujol, Yuki Sakai, Je-Yeon Yun, Carles Soriano-Mas, Paul M. Thompson, Kei Yamada, Dick J. Veltman, Odile A. van den Heuvel, Dan J. Stein
Summary: The subcortical shape in OCD patients is associated with comorbidity and medication status, especially with comorbid depression and anxiety.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)