Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Razib Hossain, Tuba M. Ansary, Mayumi Komine, Mamitaro Ohtsuki
Summary: Melanocytes, through the production of melanin pigments, are crucial in determining human skin, eye, and hair color and protecting the skin from UV radiation and environmental stress. Inflammatory responses can stimulate melanocytes, resulting in skin pigmentation. Understanding mechanisms of skin pigmentation due to inflammation is important for developing new therapeutic pathways for pigmented skin disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael J. McKinley, Davide Martelli, Pedro Trevizan-Bau, Robin M. McAllen
Summary: This study investigates the efferent branches of the splanchnic sympathetic nerves that affect the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) in the immune response. The results show that adrenal nerves regulate IL-10 levels through beta(2) adrenoreceptors, while sympathetic nerves to abdominal organs, particularly the spleen, restrain TNF levels through non-beta(2) adrenoreceptor mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sydney Song, Lindsey N. Druschel, E. Ricky Chan, Jeffrey R. Capadona
Summary: Brain-Machine Interface systems (BMIs) are valuable devices that provide functional restoration for patients with spinal cord injury and improved integration for patients requiring prostheses. However, the recording performance of intracortical microelectrodes used in BMIs tends to decline over time due to the neuroinflammatory response and the formation of a glial scar. Traditional methods of studying neuroinflammation have focused on a limited number of cellular and protein markers, but recent advancements in gene expression analysis have allowed researchers to identify chronic molecular players at the electrode-tissue interface. In this study, the gene expression at the interface of nonfunctioning probes implanted in mice was investigated, and 28 differentially expressed genes were found, many of which were involved in the complement and extracellular matrix system. These genes could serve as potential therapeutic targets for improving the long-term integration of microelectrodes.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Tae-Yong Gil, Bo-Ram Jin, Jong-Hyun Lee, Hyo-Jin An
Summary: Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg has shown anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators and suppressing the NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways in macrophages, thereby reducing LPS-induced mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael E. Wechsler, Marcella K. Ruddy, Ian D. Pavord, Elliot Israel, Klaus F. Rabe, Linda B. Ford, Jorge F. Maspero, Raolat M. Abdulai, Chih-Chi Hu, Renata Martincova, Andreas Jessel, Michael C. Nivens, Nikhil Amin, David M. Weinreich, George D. Yancopoulos, Helene Goulaouic
Summary: The study found that the monoclonal antibody itepekimab targeting interleukin-33 was more effective than placebo in improving lung function and reducing the incidence of loss of asthma control events in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Marta Perez-Hernandez, Grecia M. Marron-Linares, Florencia Schlamp, Adriana Heguy, Chantal J. M. van Opbergen, Valeria Mezzano, Mingliang Zhang, Feng-Xia Liang, Marina Cerrone, Mario Delmar
Summary: In cardiac myocytes, deficiency of PKP2 results in upregulation of a large number of transcripts, which are inversely correlated with PKP2 abundance in human transcriptomes and are associated with functional pathways related to inflammatory/immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patricia Lyra, Vanessa Machado, Silvia Rota, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri, Joao Botelho, Jose Joao Mendes
Summary: The development of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease, is closely linked to inflammation and dysbiosis. Understanding the mechanistic pathways of alpha-synucleinopathies and the impact of microbial dysbiosis on alpha-Syn can provide insights into the management and prevention of these conditions, with a focus on inflammatory mitigation and microbial balance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dan Li, Ying-ying Guo, Xian-feng Cen, Hong-liang Qiu, Si Chen, Xiao-feng Zeng, Qian Zeng, Man Xu, Qi-zhu Tang
Summary: The study shows that lupeol protects against cardiac hypertrophy via anti-inflammatory mechanisms by inhibiting the TLR4-PI3K-Akt-NF-kappa B signaling pathway.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhibing Ai, Yong Liu, Xueyu Shi, Wei Hu, Yueliang Zhang, Ran An, Gongwun Lei
Summary: This study investigates the antidepressant effects of apple pectin (AP) and citrus pectin (CP) in mice after induction of cerebral ischemia. The results demonstrate that oral administration of AP and CP can reduce depressive-like behaviors in mice and decrease inflammation levels in the brain hippocampus.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luca Di Lullo, Carlo Lavalle, Michele Magnocavallo, Marco Valerio Mariani, Domenico Giovanni Della Rocca, Paolo Severino, Biagio Raffaele Di Iorio, Domenico Russo, Francesco Summaria, Giovanni Battista Forleo, Claudio Ronco, Massimo Mancone, Cristina Chimenti, Fabio Miraldi, Andrea Natale, Antonio Bellasi
Summary: This study compared the effects of Rivaroxaban and Warfarin on atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease, finding that long-term use of Rivaroxaban significantly reduced cytokine levels, promoted stability or regression of valve calcification, improved kidney function, and reduced adverse events compared to Warfarin treatment. These results suggest that Rivaroxaban may have anti-inflammatory effects and could contribute to reducing the risk of cardiac valve calcification progression and worsening of renal function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Sydney Song, Brianna Regan, Evon S. Ereifej, E. Ricky Chan, Jeffrey R. Capadona
Summary: This study aims to understand the neuroinflammatory response to intracortical microelectrodes and its impact on device performance. By investigating gene expression changes, potential therapeutic targets that can improve device performance were identified.
Review
Cell Biology
Hamed Alizadeh Pahlavani
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, with excessive apoptosis being a major contributor to cardiac death. Moderate exercise has been found to reduce myocardial apoptosis through various pathways, while also reducing oxidative damage and promoting heart protection.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zihang Liu, Panpan Deng, Shengnan Liu, Yiying Bian, Yuanyuan Xu, Qiang Zhang, Huihui Wang, Jingbo Pi
Summary: Cytokine storm refers to a state of the immune system characterized by excessive release of cytokines, leading to inflammation, organ failure, and disease outcomes. NRF2, a transcription factor involved in cellular redox homeostasis, has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in preventing and treating cytokine storms. This review summarizes the causes of cytokine storms and the rationale for targeting NRF2 as a therapeutic intervention.
Article
Immunology
Vanessa Rocha Ribeiro, Mariana Romao-Veiga, Priscila Rezeck Nunes, Mariana Leticia Matias, Jose Carlos Peracoli, Maria Terezinha Serrao Peracoli
Summary: The study found that pregnant women with preeclampsia have significantly lower levels of Vitamin D. Vitamin D treatment in these women led to a decrease in inflammatory gene expression and an increase in anti-inflammatory and regulatory gene expression. This indicates that Vitamin D has an immunomodulatory effect on T cell subsets in pregnant women with preeclampsia.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Bruno Reichart, Matthias Laengin, Joachim Denner, Reinhard Schwinzer, Peter J. Cowan, Eckhard Wolf
Summary: Heart transplantation is essential for patients with terminal cardiac failure, but the shortage of human organs and risks associated with mechanical assist devices highlight the potential of cardiac xenotransplantation as an alternative. Successful experiments with genetically modified pig hearts in baboons show promise, but there are technical and regulatory challenges to overcome before clinical application.