Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kohei Kido, Tatsuro Egawa, Shinya Watanabe, Kentaro Kawanaka, Jonas T. Treebak, Tatsuya Hayashi
Summary: This study demonstrated the synergistic enhancement of insulin-stimulated TBC1D4 phosphorylation and glucose uptake by fasting and prior muscle contraction, which is associated with augmented AMPK pathway activation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingying Yue, Chang Zhang, Xiaoyun Zhao, Sasa Liu, Xiaoting Lv, Shitian Zhang, Jianming Yang, Liming Chen, Hongquan Duan, Youyi Zhang, Zhi Yao, Wenyan Niu
Summary: Research has shown that Tiam1 protein is part of an AMPK-Tiam1-Rac1 signaling pathway that mediates contraction-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells and tissue.
Review
Physiology
David H. Wasserman
Summary: Research conducted over the last 50 years has provided insights into the mechanisms of insulin-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle cells, highlighting the importance of glucose phosphorylation by hexokinases for glucose uptake. However, the regulation of insulin-regulated hexokinase II remains poorly understood.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sander A. J. Verbrugge, Julia A. Alhusen, Shimon Kempin, Nicolas J. Pillon, Jan Rozman, Henning Wackerhage, Maximilian Kleinert
Summary: Exercise is a cornerstone treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus by improving insulin sensitivity of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. A systematic review identified 176 genes related to muscle glucose uptake, with over 50% of them being regulated by exercise. Endurance and resistance exercise show both common and unique changes in gene expression and phosphorylation related to glucose uptake.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paola A. Ramos, Kelli A. Lytle, Danae Delivanis, Soren Nielsen, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Michael D. Jensen
Summary: The study found that there were no defects in insulin receptor signaling at the Akt/AS160 level in the muscles of obese individuals, indicating uncertainties in the mechanism of muscle insulin resistance in obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Mark C. Turner, Rowan P. Rimington, Neil R. W. Martin, Jacob W. Fleming, Andrew J. Capel, Leanne Hodson, Mark P. Lewis
Summary: The study demonstrated that exposure to exogenous fatty acids can lead to increased lipid accumulation in tissue engineered skeletal muscle, upregulation of genes related to lipid storage and metabolism, and a decrease in muscle force production. These findings reveal the impact of exogenous fatty acids on the function and metabolism of skeletal muscle tissue.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Fulvia Draicchio, Volker Behrends, Neale A. Tillin, Nicholas M. Hurren, Lykke Sylow, Richard Mackenzie
Summary: The review explores the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) and actin cytoskeleton in insulin- and contraction-mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Defects in the structural integrity of ECM and integrin-associated proteins may contribute to muscle function loss and decreased glucose uptake in type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Camila Donoso-Barraza, Juan Carlos Borquez, Carlos Sepulveda, Francisco Diaz-Castro, Claudia Sepulveda-Quinenao, Juan Manuel Rodriguez, Omar Porras, Rodrigo Troncoso
Summary: This study investigates the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in insulin signaling and glucose uptake. The results show that glucose restriction increases endogenous production of H2S and H2S disrupts insulin-induced glucose uptake, which may help maintain plasma glucose levels.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anna Thors o Larsen, Simone A. Melander, Nina Sonne, Emma Bredtoft, Mays Al-Rubai, Morten A. Karsdal, Kim Henriksen
Summary: Dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists (DACRAs) have shown significant effects on weight loss and improvement in glucose control and insulin action in rats. However, it is still unclear to what extent DACRAs affect insulin sensitivity beyond weight loss and their impact on tissue-specific glucose uptake.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zoltan M. Kohler, Gyorgy Trencsenyi, Laszlo Juhasz, Agnes Zvara, Judit P. Szabo, Laszlo Dux, Laszlo G. Puskas, Laszlo Rovo, Aniko Keller-Pinter
Summary: Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. This study demonstrates that tilorone can improve glucose uptake and metabolism by enhancing BMP signaling and Akt2/AS160 signaling pathways in C2C12 myoblasts and differentiated myotubes. The in vivo experiments show that tilorone administration increases glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue of mice. These findings provide new insights for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amy Zheng, Haiyan Wang, Edward B. Arias, Gengfu Dong, Jiahui Zhao, Gregory D. Cartee
Summary: The effects of calorie restriction on female wildtype and Akt substrate of 160 kDa knockout rats were evaluated. The results showed that calorie restriction increased muscle glucose uptake and GLUT4 protein abundance, and AS160 expression was essential for these increases.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicholas A. Hulett, Rebecca L. Scalzo, Jane E. B. Reusch
Summary: This review examines the physiological mechanisms of glucose uptake in healthy individuals and individuals with type 2 diabetes, highlighting insulin resistance as a key factor. The review also emphasizes the importance of exercise in enhancing glucose uptake.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evelin Major, Ferenc Gyory, Daniel Horvath, Ilka Keller, Istvan Tamas, Karen Uray, Peter Fulop, Beata Lontay
Summary: In hyperthyroidism, SMTNL1 plays a crucial role in regulating insulin sensitivity, inhibiting JNK activity and non-genomic effects of T3, and restoring normal glucose transport responsiveness. It also controls glucose phosphorylation and balances glycolysis and glycogen synthesis by downregulating hexokinase II. SeaHorse analysis revealed that SMTNL1 overexpression counteracts the shift to glycolysis induced by T3 overload, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target in insulin resistance associated with hyperthyroidism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariana Lima Mascarenhas Moreira, Iana Mizumukai de Araujo, Sandra Yasuyo Fukada, Lucas Gabriel R. Venturini, Natalia Rossin Guidorizzi, Carlos Ernesto Garrido, Clifford J. Rosen, Francisco Jose Albuquerque de Paula
Summary: This cross-sectional observational study aimed to assess adipose tissue in DS patients and define their bone phenotype. DS patients showed increased adiposity in the lumbar spine and muscle tissue, as well as impaired bone quality and lower bone mass in the 1/3 radius. The study also found associations between insulin resistance, lipids, bone turnover markers, and bone parameters in DS patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisbeth L. V. Moller, Mona S. Ali, Jonathan Davey, Steffen H. Raun, Nicoline R. Andersen, Jonathan Z. Long, Hongwei Qian, Jacob F. Jeppesen, Carlos Henriquez- Olguin, Emma Frank, Thomas E. Jensen, Kurt Hojlund, Jorgen F. P. Wojtaszewski, Joachim Nielsen, Tim T. Chiu, Mark P. Jedrychowski, Paul Gregorevic, Amira Klip, Erik A. Richter, Lykke Sylow
Summary: RhoGDIα is identified as a key regulator in controlling skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by interacting with Rac1 and modulating GLUT4 translocation. Overexpression of RhoGDIα impairs insulin action and glucose tolerance, and elevated RhoGDIα protein content is observed in skeletal muscles of insulin-resistant patients with type 2 diabetes. This study highlights the clinical relevance of RhoGDIα as a controller of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and whole-body glucose homeostasis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jesse Zanker, Marc Sim, Kate Anderson, Saliu Balogun, Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen, Elsa Dent, Gustavo Duque, Christian M. Girgis, Mathis Grossmann, Alan Hayes, Tim Henwood, Vasant Hirani, Charles Inderjeeth, Sandra Iuliano, Justin Keogh, Joshua R. Lewis, Gordon S. Lynch, Julie A. Pasco, Steven Phu, Esmee M. Reijnierse, Nicholas Russell, Lara Vlietstra, Renuka Visvanathan, Troy Walker, Debra L. Waters, Solomon Yu, Andrea B. Maier, Robin M. Daly, David Scott
Summary: This study aims to develop guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, assessment, and management based on consumer values and preferences, to be used by clinicians and researchers in Australia and New Zealand. A three-phase Consumer Expert Delphi process was conducted to gather consumer opinions on sarcopenia outcomes, consultation preferences, and interventions. The consumer preferences identified in this study can guide the implementation of sarcopenia guidelines at various levels of clinical practice in Australia and New Zealand.
AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jesse Zanker, Marc Sim, Kate Anderson, Saliu Balogun, Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen, Elsa Dent, Gustavo Duque, Christian M. Girgis, Mathis Grossmann, Alan Hayes, Tim Henwood, Vasant Hirani, Charles Inderjeeth, Sandra Iuliano, Justin Keogh, Josh Lewis, Gordon S. Lynch, Julie A. Pasco, Steven Phu, Esmee M. Reijnierse, Nicholas Russell, Lara Vlietstra, Renuka Visvanathan, Troy Walker, Debra L. Waters, Solomon Yu, Andrea B. Maier, Robin M. Daly, David Scott
Summary: Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle condition characterized by low muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. There is currently no international consensus on the definition of sarcopenia. The Australian and New Zealand Society for Sarcopenia and Frailty Research (ANZSSFR) developed consensus guidelines for sarcopenia prevention, assessment, management, and research through a four-phase Delphi process, involving topic experts, consumers, and evidence. These guidelines are intended for use by health professionals and researchers in Australia and New Zealand.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Sarah J. Etherington, Andrew J. Moorhouse, Tamara M. Paravicini, Michelle Towstoless, Alan Hayes, Deanne H. Hryciw, Louise Lexis, Kathy Tangalakis, Task Task Force
Summary: A task force of physiology educators from 25 Australian universities reached a nationwide consensus on seven core concepts for physiology curricula, one of which is cell membrane. The cell membrane core concept was unpacked into four themes and 33 subthemes, covering the definition, structure, transport, and potentials of cell membranes. Most items were evaluated as essential or important, with cell membrane structure theme rated as relatively less important and membrane potential theme rated as the most difficult. The importance of cell membranes in biomedical education received strong support from Australian educators.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Alan Hayes, Kathy Tangalakis
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xuzhu Lin, Cassandra Smith, Alba Moreno-Asso, Navabeh Zarekookandeh, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Gustavo Duque, Alan Hayes, Itamar Levinger
Summary: This study investigates the protective effects of the combination of undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) and ibandronate (IBN) against immobilization-induced muscle wasting and insulin resistance. The results show that the combined treatment significantly increases muscle weight and improves glucose tolerance compared to individual treatments.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bridget M. Arman, Natalie K. Binder, Natasha de Alwis, Sally Beard, Danielle A. Debruin, Alan Hayes, Stephen Tong, Tu'uhevaha J. Kaitu'u-Lino, Natalie J. Hannan
Summary: Spontaneous preterm birth is a major problem causing perinatal mortality and morbidity. Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, is used to delay threatened preterm birth, but its efficacy and mechanisms of action are unclear. Our study shows that while nifedipine effectively prevents contractions in vitro and ex vivo, it does not modulate inflammation. These findings suggest that nifedipine's limited clinical efficacy may be due to its inability to target inflammatory pathways in the myometrium.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Erik D. Hanson, Samy Sakkal, Lauren C. Bates-Fraser, Shadney Que, Eunhan Cho, Guillaume Spielmann, Elif Kadife, John A. Violet, Claudio L. Battaglini, Lee Stoner, David B. Bartlett, Glenn K. McConell, Alan Hayes
Summary: Acute exercise elicits similar responses in conventional and unconventional T cells (UTC) among prostate cancer survivors and healthy controls. However, patients on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) display lower CD8(+) cell maturity (CD57) and perforin frequency, while higher perforin GMFI may attenuate these changes.
FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Christian Moro, Tracy Douglas, Ruben Phillips, Michelle Towstoless, Alan Hayes, Deanne H. Hryciw, Louise Lexis, Kathy Tangalakis, Task Force
Summary: Using the Delphi method, consensus was reached on seven core concepts of physiology, including the integration concept of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems interacting to create and sustain life. A team of Australian physiology educators unpacked this core concept into hierarchical levels, identifying five themes and ten subthemes. The importance and difficulty levels of each theme and subtheme were rated by experienced physiology educators. The main theme of hierarchy was rated as essential and slightly difficult, while the other subthemes differed in importance and difficulty. Integration core concepts should be taught in the later semesters of a Physiology program.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Daniel Brown, Tanya Uebergang, Nicole Masters, Michelle Towstoless, Alan Hayes, Deanne H. Hryciw, Louise Lexis, Kathy Tangalakis
Summary: This article aims to unpack the core concept of substance movement within the human body, providing guidance for physiology teaching in tertiary education institutes in Australia. The concept introduces fundamental knowledge of the driving factors and applies them in physiological contexts. The importance of understanding this concept is widely acknowledged, but its difficulty varies among educators. The complexity of this concept is due to the underlying physical forces, and organizing it into subthemes can help prioritize learning activities.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Elizabeth A. H. Beckett, Voula Gaganis, Anthony J. Bakker, Michelle Towstoless, Alan Hayes, Deanne H. Hryciw, Louise Lexis, Kathy Tangalakis, Task Force
Summary: Australia-wide consensus was reached on seven core concepts of physiology, with homeostasis being one of the fundamental concepts for students to understand physiological regulatory mechanisms. A team of Australian educators unpacked the concept and identified 5 themes and 18 subthemes to simplify the components and improve learning and teaching of homeostasis.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Ben D. Perry, Melissa S. Cameron, Matthew B. Cooke, Michelle Towstoless, Deanne H. Hryciw, Alan Hayes, Louise Lexis, Kathy Tangalakis, Task Force
Summary: The structure and function core concept of physiology was unpacked and validated by Australian educators, specifically focusing on the renal system.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Lisa K. Chopin, Julia Choate, Joseph A. Rathner, Michelle Towstoless, Alan Hayes, Deanne H. Hryciw, Louise Lexis, Kathy Tangalakis, Task Force
Summary: An Australia-wide consensus was reached on seven core concepts of physiology, one of which was cell-cell communication. Three physiology educators from a core concepts Delphi task force unpacked this core concept into seven different themes and 60 subthemes. Cell-cell communication, previously unpacked and validated, was modified for an Australian audience to include emerging knowledge and adapted to increase student accessibility.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Kathy Tangalakis, Brianna L. Julien, Louise Lexis, Deanne H. Hryciw, Colleen J. Thomas, Maja Husaric, Michelle Towstoless, Philip J. MacKinnon, Yuan Miao, Alan Hayes
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the extent to which a set of 15 core concepts of physiology are reflected in the learning outcomes of physiology curricula in Australian universities. The findings suggest a lack of alignment of learning outcomes with the core concepts and highlight the need for agreement on a set of core concepts in physiology in Australia.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cassandra Smith, Marc Sim, Jack Dalla Via, Itamar Levinger, Gustavo Duque
Summary: Loss of muscle and bone mass, strength, and quality, which commonly occur with aging, can lead to reduced physical function and increased risk of falls and fractures. The interaction between bone and muscle, driven by bone-muscle crosstalk, plays a crucial role in this process. Exercise is the primary strategy for improving both muscle and bone health. However, holistic treatment plans that incorporate exercise and other allied health services are underutilized in preventing or treating musculoskeletal diseases.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hannah Lalunio, Lewan Parker, Erik D. Hanson, Paul Gregorevic, Itamar Levinger, Alan Hayes, Craig A. Goodman
Summary: Vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) play important roles in muscle development and function. This study investigated the differences in VDR protein abundance in muscle between different mouse strains and between mice and humans, using different sample preparation methods and antibodies. The findings showed differences in VDR protein levels among mouse strains and between mice and humans, and the detection of potential VDR isoforms in human muscle.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)