期刊
JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY
卷 70, 期 -, 页码 8-14出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.08.005
关键词
Tritrophic effects; Cold tolerance; Proline; Alanine; Glycerol
资金
- National Scholarship Fund [201203250010]
- China Scholarship Council
- National Science Foundation Grant [IOS-0840772]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [0840772] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Boosting cold hardiness in parasitoids is a goal that is particularly attractive for increasing shelf life and shipment of biological control agents. In the experiments reported here we use the parasitoid Nasonia vitripennis as a model to evaluate manipulations that may be capable of enhancing the wasp's cold tolerance. We altered the parasitoid's cold tolerance by manipulating the wasp's diapause status, the diapause status of the host fly (Sarcophaga crassipalpis), and the diet of the host. Larval diapause in N. vitripennis dramatically increased cold tolerance and the diapause status of the host also exerted a positive, although less dramatic, effect. Augmenting the host fly's diet with supplements of putative cryoprotectants (alanine, proline and glycerol) enhanced cold tolerance in parasitoids that fed on the flies, thus indicating a tri-trophic effect on parasitoid cold tolerance. The most pronounced improvement in cold tolerance was noted in parasitoids fed on fly hosts that had received a diet augmented with proline. These results suggest mechanisms that could be exploited for enhancement of cold tolerance in parasitoids of commercial interest. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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