Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ashlee Milton, Maria Soledad Pera
Summary: Researchers empirically investigate the subliminal stimulus that search engines present to individuals with mental health disorders during their searches. Findings reveal differences in the subliminal stimulus displayed by search engines between individuals with mental health disorders and average users. These results highlight open problems in query suggestions, search engine result pages, and ranking that need to be addressed to better support individuals with mental health disorders.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON THE WEB
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sebastian Schultheiss, Dirk Lewandowski
Summary: Recent studies show that search engine users have little knowledge of Google's business model and search advertising, often confusing organic results with ads and making decisions based on false assumptions. Viewing behavior differs between mobile and desktop users, with top-ranked ads receiving more visual attention on small screens.
JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiqun Liu
Summary: This article provides an overview of 76 task-based interactive IR studies published between 2000 and 2020, with researchers focusing on multiple dimensions of search tasks and analyzing the associations between implicit task dimensions and observable predictors. The results of this review can facilitate knowledge growth in the IIR community and serve as the basis for future research on new modalities of user-task interactions.
INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Gabriela Bosetti, Alex Tacuri, Ishaya Gambo, Sergio Firmenich, Gustavo Rossi, Marco Winckler, Alejandro Fernandez
Summary: This article discusses search tasks, which are the most common tasks users perform on the Web nowadays. The author suggests that customizing search services can improve the user's search experience and make search tasks more effective and efficient. The article analyzes user tasks and types of search services, distinguishing between primary and ancillary tasks. It also discusses features in Web browsers that support search tasks and how extensions can be used to integrate customized search services. The ANDES approach is proposed, which allows users to integrate new search services into their Web browsers. Two evaluations demonstrate the feasibility and convenience of this approach. The paper aims to discuss strategies for end-user programming to customize search services on the Web.
COMPUTER STANDARDS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Alfan Farizki Wicaksono, Alistair Moffat
Summary: This paper introduces a session-based offline evaluation framework for measuring the overall usefulness of search sessions. By modeling data from two commercial search engines, the user conditional continuation probability and user conditional reformulation probability are proposed to develop new metrics that show greater correlation with observed user behavior during search sessions.
INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Business
Shihui Fu, Kunkun Xue, Mengya Yang, Xiaona Wang
Summary: Mobile app providers are facing resistance from users when it comes to updating their apps, despite the potential value it brings. This study conducted a netnography study in China and identified seven barriers, such as perceived uselessness and information overload, that contribute to user resistance. Based on survey data, a configurational study using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) was conducted to examine the different barriers and their combinations that lead to users' resistance in the forms of postponement, rejection, and opposition. The results highlight the varying roles of barriers and the significant differences in configurations for different forms of resistance, providing new insights into the reasons behind users' resistance to mobile app updates.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hongzhou Shen, Junpeng Shi, Yihan Zhang
Summary: The use of mobile social media platforms for EIM crowdsourcing tools can facilitate the dissemination of emergency information and attract participants effectively. The study introduced a mobile crowdsourcing tool called CrowdEIM and found through formative studies and summative evaluations that tools with simple operations, based on mobile social media platforms, are more likely to be disseminated and can provide accurate and understandable emergency information.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mohammad Alsulmi, Reham Alshamarani
Summary: This paper proposes a framework that applies unsupervised learning methods to address the complexity of user search tasks and the need for multiple queries. By utilizing topic modeling and log mining, the framework can identify and understand the original search task, and recommend related search tasks, leading to significant improvements in search suggestion and task recommendation.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY-COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ronald E. Robertson, Jon Green, Damian J. Ruck, Katherine Ognyanova, Christo Wilson, David Lazer
Summary: If popular online platforms systematically expose their users to partisan and unreliable news, it could lead to societal issues such as increased political polarization. The 'echo chamber' and 'filter bubble' debates criticize how user choice and algorithmic curation guide individuals to different online sources of information. This study aimed to address the gaps in research by conducting a two-wave study that measured exposure and engagement on Google Search during the 2018 and 2020 US elections. The findings suggest that users' own choices, rather than algorithmic curation, drive exposure to and engagement with partisan or unreliable news on Google Search.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Arif Usta, Ismail Sengor Altingovde, Rifat Ozcan, Ozgur Ulusoy
Summary: The study focuses on constructing machine-learned ranking models for educational search engines, with rich feature analysis and domain-specific ranking models improving effectiveness. A new strategy is proposed for handling singleton queries without click information, showing better ranking performance than general models and baselines.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jie Zou, Aixin Sun, Cheng Long, Mohammad Aliannejadi, Evangelos Kanoulas
Summary: Modern information-seeking systems are becoming more interactive by using Clarifying Questions (CQs) to refine users' information needs. This study investigates the impact of asking CQs of different qualities in chronological order and finds that the trajectory of CQs affects user interaction with Search Engine Result Pages (SERPs). Asking follow-up high-quality CQs improves search performance and user satisfaction. A transformer-based model is proposed to predict which CQs to ask, to avoid disturbing users.
INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mariusz Duka, Marek Sikora, Artur Strzelecki
Summary: This study reviews search engines and search engine optimization, exploring their relation to sustainable development. A narrative review approach is used to discuss the past and present of web catalogs and search engines, the types of search results in Google, and methods of search engine optimization. The study also highlights the technical elements of website auditing. Key findings show how web search engines contribute to sustainable development and suggest the future integration of artificial intelligence and prompt engineering in web searching.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Snober Naseer, Umer Rashid, Maha Saddal, Abdur Rehman Khan, Qaisar Abbas, Yassine Daadaa
Summary: Blind users face substantial barriers in web search due to the linear nature of information interaction and the lack of evaluation metrics. This study introduces an innovative framework grounded in the cognitive principles of blind users to enhance accessibility, and empirical and usability assessments demonstrate its potential.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Kyle Crichton, Nicolas Christin, Lorrie Faith Cranor
Summary: Due to its proprietary nature, our understanding of user browsing primarily relies on small-scale studies conducted more than a decade ago. In this study, we analyze data from 257 participants and find a significant increase in tabbed browsing, emphasizing the need to include tab information for accurate web measurements. Our results reveal that user browsing is highly centralized, with 50% of internet use spent on only 1% of visited websites. However, users also spend a disproportionate amount of time on low-visited websites, which are more likely to contain risky content. We identify the primary gateways to these sites and discuss implications for future research.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON THE WEB
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Olof Sundin, Dirk Lewandowski, Jutta Haider
Summary: This opinion piece argues for considering societal relevance as a complement to other types of relevance, using Google's response to the COVID-19 infodemic as a starting point. It stresses the importance of addressing the challenges and conditions created by commercial search engines in order for information science to remain at the forefront of research on relevance and search engines. The article concludes with a tentative list of related research topics.
JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sebastian Schultheiss, Dirk Lewandowski
Summary: People have a high level of trust in search engines, especially Google, but limited knowledge of them. Users with little knowledge are more likely to trust and use Google. However, their inability to adequately evaluate search results poses a problem for knowledge acquisition. Therefore, it is important to promote user information literacy for a more solid foundation of trust in search engines.
JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Olof Sundin, Dirk Lewandowski, Jutta Haider
Summary: This opinion piece argues for considering societal relevance as a complement to other types of relevance, using Google's response to the COVID-19 infodemic as a starting point. It stresses the importance of addressing the challenges and conditions created by commercial search engines in order for information science to remain at the forefront of research on relevance and search engines. The article concludes with a tentative list of related research topics.
JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Dirk Lewandowski, Sebastian Schultheiss
Summary: This research examines users' knowledge and ability to identify search results influenced by search engine optimization (SEO). The study finds that a significant percentage of users believe that better rankings can be achieved without paying Google, but lack understanding of the differences between ads and organic results. The success rate in labeling SEO-influenced results varies based on the complexity of the search engine result page (SERP) and device used. The findings have implications for search engine providers, regulators, and information literacy.
BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Besiana P. Beqo, Sebastian Tschauner, Paolo Gasparella, Iva Brcic, Georg Singer, Holger Till, Emir Q. Haxhija
Summary: Granuloma annulare (GA) is a rare, benign, self-limiting disease that affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue. It can occur in different variants and age groups. Diagnosis is relatively easy for the localized variant, while the subcutaneous variant often appears in easily traumatized areas and resolves on its own. Imaging methods are used to clarify the lesions, and surgery is often required for confirmation.
PADIATRIE UND PADOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Christoph Arneitz, Istvan Szilagyi, Bianca Lehner, Bernhard Kienesberger, Paolo Gasparella, Christoph Castellani, Georg Singer, Holger Till
Summary: This study investigated the preferences of parents in treating their children's hypothetical femoral fracture and found that the majority of parents favored surgical treatment, with stress being a significant factor influencing the choice of conservative treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Frederik Greve, Michael Mueller, Markus Wurm, Peter Biberthaler, Georg Singer, Holger Till, Helmut Wegmann
Summary: This study investigated the long-term outcome of pediatric patients with postoperative malrotation after supracondylar humeral fractures and discussed the indication for revision surgery. The results showed that standalone postoperative malrotation did not lead to adverse long-term outcomes and did not require immediate revision surgery. However, further studies are needed to determine the importance of other criteria in decision making.
Article
Orthopedics
Sebastian Tschauner, Georg Singer, Claus-Uwe Weitzer, Christoph Castellani, Holger Till, Erich Sorantin, Helmut Wegmann
Summary: Balloon kyphoplasty with PMMA is standard for thoracic and lumbar compression fractures, but can cause adjacent intervertebral disc degeneration in elderly patients. CPC may be superior for younger patients, but its impact on adolescent disc degeneration remains uncertain. In this study, CPC kyphoplasty did not lead to disc degeneration, but was associated with severity of adjacent endplate fractures.
Article
Pediatrics
Michael Janisch, Georg Apfaltrer, Franko Hrzic, Christoph Castellani, Barbara Mittl, Georg Singer, Franz Lindbichler, Alexander Pilhatsch, Erich Sorantin, Sebastian Tschauner
Summary: Research has shown that convolutional neural networks perform highly accurately in classifying X-ray images of distal radius fractures in children, exceeding the diagnostic abilities of human experts. This could pave the way for considering the elimination of the clinically necessary lateral projection in children, contributing to radiation hygiene and patient comfort.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marcus Blohs, Alexander Mahnert, Kevin Brunnader, Christina Flucher, Christoph Castellani, Holger Till, Georg Singer, Christine Moissl-Eichinger
Summary: Mounting evidence suggests that acute appendicitis (AA) is not one but two diseases: complicated appendicitis, associated with necrosis leading to perforation or periappendicular abscess, and uncomplicated appendicitis, which does not necessarily result in perforation. In this study, the microbiome of samples from 60 children and adolescents with AA was investigated to assess the composition and potential function of bacteria, archaea, and fungi. The analysis revealed a shift in the microbiome depending on the severity of AA, with complicated cases associated with oral bacterial pathogens and uncomplicated cases characterized by gut-associated microbiomes. Advanced microbiome diagnosis could improve the non-surgical treatment of uncomplicated AA.
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Ov C. Norocel, Dirk Lewandowski
Summary: This study critically analyzes data voids in Google searches related to the extreme-right dynamics of exclusion after the 2015 humanitarian crisis in Europe. By focusing on Germany and Sweden, it expands the investigation beyond the USA context and adds complexity to the analysis. The study proposes a catalogue of queries on migration in both countries, ranging from mainstream to extreme-right vocabularies, to identify data voids. The results highlight the influence of source popularity and user-generated content platforms on search engine rankings.
BIG DATA & SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Helena Haeussler, Sebastian Schultheiss, Dirk Lewandowski
Summary: Research shows that many search engine users are concerned about immediate adverse consequences appearing on search result pages, while consequences with delayed impact are rarely perceived as risks. Users' experiences are directly related to their risk perception. This highlights the need for more independent research to monitor and mitigate the potential risks of web search.
JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Sebastian Schultheiss, Dirk Lewandowski, Sonja von Mach, Nurce Yagci
Summary: Search engine queries are often used in studies to make statements about social phenomena, but the queries used in these studies are usually not systematic and do not reflect actual user behavior. We developed a method called query sampler, which samples queries from commercial search engines using keyword research tools, to address this problem. Our approach allows for the generation of large numbers of queries related to a given topic and provides information on query volume. Empirical testing showed that our approach can significantly expand the number of queries and total search volume. It has wide applications for studies using search engine queries to draw conclusions about social phenomena.
PEERJ COMPUTER SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Computer Science, Information Systems
Dirk Lewandowski, Jutta Haider, Olof Sundin
JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Christoph Arneitz, Claudia Bartik, Claus-Uwe Weitzer, Barbara Schmidt, Paolo Gasparella, Sebastian Tschauner, Christoph Castellani, Holger Till, Georg Singer
Summary: Hand fractures in pediatric patients have changed in occurrence and distribution due to modern means of mobility and product safety. This study aimed to provide an update on the epidemiology, pattern, and treatment of hand fractures in a large pediatric cohort. A total of 731 patients with 761 hand fractures were included, and the fractures predominantly affected the phalanges. The age group and treatment method significantly influenced the occurrence and management of hand fractures.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Giada Benedetti, Brendan C. Jones, Francesca Sgualdino, Paolo De Coppi, Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe
Summary: This study successfully generated human fetal gastric assembloids (fGAs) using spontaneous self-aggregation within a collagen I hydrogel. Immunostaining analysis showed the establishment of cell polarity, secretion of gastric mucins, and the presence of chromogranin A in both early and late fGAs. Transcriptional markers analysis revealed distinct differences in markers associated with mature cell types between late and early fetal stages.
PEDIATRIC SURGERY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
