Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vinicius Vieira, Nicholas Lim, Alveera Singh, Ellen Leitman, Reena Dsouza, Emily Adland, Maximilian Muenchhoff, Julia Roider, Miguel Marin Lopez, Julieta Carabelli, Jennifer Giandhari, Andreas Groll, Pieter Jooste, Julia G. Prado, Christina Thobakgale, Krista Dong, Photini Kiepiela, Andrew J. Prendergast, Gareth Tudor-Williams, John Frater, Bruce D. Walker, Thumb Ndung'u, Veron Ramsuran, Alasdair Leslie, Henrik N. Kloverpris, Philip Goulder
Summary: HIV nonprogression is rare among adults naive to ART but common among ART-naive children. PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells before treatment interruption is a predictor of slow progression in infants who received early ART. Pediatric slow progressors have an enrichment of stem-like TCF-1+PD-1+ memory cells, while progressors and viremic adults have a terminally exhausted PD-1+CD39+ population. The proliferative burst potential of stem-like HIV-specific cytotoxic cells can be used in therapeutic strategies to boost the antiviral response in infants who received early ART.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anju Bansal, Mika N. Gehre, Kai Qin, Sarah Sterrett, Ayub Ali, Ying Dang, Sojan Abraham, Margaret C. Costanzo, Leon A. Venegas, Jianming Tang, N. Manjunath, Mark A. Brockman, Otto O. Yang, June Kan-Mitchell, Paul A. Goepfert
Summary: The study reveals that HLA-E-restricted CD8(+) T cell responses play a crucial role in determining the immunodominance of CD8(+) T cell responses in HIV infection, shedding light on the immune mechanisms involved in HIV pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Oussama Meziane, Yulia Alexandrova, Ronald Olivenstein, Franck P. Dupuy, Syim Salahuddin, Elaine Thomson, Marianna Orlova, Erwin Schurr, Petronela Ancuta, Madeleine Durand, Nicolas Chomont, Jerome Estaquier, Nicole F. Bernard, Cecilia T. Costiniuk, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
Summary: People living with HIV have high rates of chronic lung diseases, including lung cancers and pulmonary infections, despite receiving antiretroviral therapy. Additionally, HIV can persist in the lung mucosa even with long-term therapy. The CD8 T cells in the lungs of HIV-positive individuals show higher levels of activation and exhaustion, with reduced killing capacity, potentially leading to a suboptimal anti-HIV immune response.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hongbing Yang, Margarida Rei, Simon Brackenridge, Elena Brenna, Hong Sun, Shaheed Abdulhaqq, Michael K. P. Liu, Weiwei Ma, Prathiba Kurupati, Xiaoning Xu, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Edward Jenkins, Simon J. Davis, Jonah B. Sacha, Klaus Frueh, Louis J. Picker, Persephone Borrow, Geraldine M. Gillespie, Andrew J. McMichael
Summary: HLA-E plays a crucial role in immune response, and vaccine-induced HLA-E-restricted HIV-1-specific T cells have the potential to suppress HIV-1 replication.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takayuki Chikata, Hiroyuki Gatanaga, Hung The Nguyen, Daisuke Mizushima, Yu Zhang, Nozomi Kuse, Shinichi Oka, Masafumi Takiguchi
Summary: This study investigated HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in 200 Japanese HIV-1-exposed seronegative (HESN) men who have sex with men (MSM). The results showed the presence of HLA-B*51:01-restricted Pol TI8- specific and HLA-A*02:06-restricted Pol SV9-specific CD8+ T cells in two and one individuals, respectively. These HIV-1-specific T cells may contribute to suppressing HIV-1 replication in HESN-MSM individuals.
Article
Cell Biology
Ilena Vincenti, Nicolas Page, Karin Steinbach, Alexander Yermanos, Sylvain Lemeille, Nicolas Nunez, Mario Kreutzfeldt, Bogna Klimek, Giovanni Di Liberto, Kristof Egervari, Margot Piccinno, Ghazal Shammas, Alexandre Mariotte, Nicolas Fonta, Nicolas Liaudet, Danielle Shlesinger, Anna Rita Liuzzi, Ingrid Wagner, Cynthia Saadi, Christine Stadelmann, Sai Reddy, Burkhard Becher, Doron Merkler
Summary: The study reveals that tissue-resident memory T cells (T-RM) may initiate CNS inflammation and immunopathology in chronic inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), independent of circulating CD8(+) T cells. In the absence of CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells fail to expand and differentiate into terminal effectors. This sheds light on why inflammatory processes may evade current immunomodulatory treatments in chronic autoimmune CNS conditions.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jan Remsik, Jessica A. Wilcox, N. Esther Babady, Tracy A. McMillen, Behroze A. Vachha, Neil A. Halpern, Vikram Dhawan, Marc Rosenblum, Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue, Edward K. Avila, Bianca Santomasso, Adrienne Boire
Summary: Cancer patients with neurologic sequelae of COVID-19 have meningeal inflammatory cytokines without viral neuroinvasion, mainly driven by type II interferon and correlated with the degree of neurological dysfunction. The neuroinflammatory process persists weeks after recovery from acute respiratory infection, leading to long-term neurocognitive dysfunction. Anti-inflammatory treatments may play a role in managing neurological complications of COVID-19 infection.
Article
Immunology
Hong-Yi Zheng, Xue-Hui Wang, Xiao-Yan He, Min Chen, Ming-Xu Zhang, Xiao-Dong Lian, Jia-Hao Song, Yan Hu, Wei Pang, Yun Wang, Zheng-Fei Hu, Long-Bao Lv, Yong-Tang Zheng
Summary: The number of elderly people living with HIV is increasing globally. The impact of HIV infection combined with aging on the immune homeostasis of secondary lymphoid organs remains unclear. This study found that SIV production and CD4/CD8 ratio inversion were more severe in old Chinese rhesus macaques compared to young ones, especially with infiltrated CD8+ T cells in the follicles and germinal centers. The highly activated STAT3 in these follicular CXCR5+CD8+ T cells might be caused by the severe inflammatory milieu in the follicles of old macaques, indicating that aging may contribute to SIV-induced immune disorders in secondary lymphoid tissues.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valentina Restrepo Arenas, Maria T. Rugeles, Federico Perdomo-Celis, Natalia Taborda
Summary: Achieving a cure for HIV infection is a global priority, and CD8+ T cells play a central role in the natural control of HIV, suggesting their potential for use in achieving remission or cure. This work reviews the challenges, models, and mechanisms related to HIV control mediated by CD8+ T cells, and discusses strategies based on this cell population in the search for an HIV cure. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives in translating this knowledge into scalable HIV cure strategies are analyzed.
Article
Immunology
Stephane Isnard, Etienne X. Hatton, Marco Iannetta, Jean-Baptiste Guillerme, Anne Hosmalin
Summary: IFN-gamma secretion by Ag-specific T cells is tightly regulated by engagement of the TCR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and conventional DC play a crucial role in the activation of HIV-specific T cells. Noncognate activation mechanism involving production of IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and TNF-alpha induces intracellular production of IFN-gamma.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Yuting Sun, Jing Xue
Summary: During HIV/SIV infection, upregulated immune checkpoint markers can lead to chronic T cell exhaustion and regulate disease progression by mediating T cell responses and enriching viral reservoirs. Overexpression of these markers inhibits cell proliferation and cytokine production, affecting viral persistence. Targeting immune checkpoints has shown potential therapeutic efficacy in HIV treatment.
Article
Immunology
Daniel Malouli, Scott G. Hansen, Meaghan H. Hancock, Colette M. Hughes, Julia C. Ford, Roxanne M. Gilbride, Abigail B. Ventura, David Morrow, Kurt T. Randall, Husam Taher, Luke S. Uebelhoer, Matthew R. McArdle, Courtney R. Papen, Renee Espinosa Trethewy, Kelli Oswald, Rebecca Shoemaker, Brian Berkemeier, William J. Bosche, Michael Hull, Justin M. Greene, Michael K. Axthelm, Jason Shao, Paul T. Edlefsen, Finn Grey, Jay A. Nelson, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Daniel Streblow, Jonah B. Sacha, Klaus Frueh, Louis J. Picker
Summary: The unconventional CD8(+) T cell responses induced by RhCMV/SIV vectors were found to be mediated by a genetic rearrangement in RhCMV, with MHC-E-restricted CD8(+) T cells playing a key role in the anti-SIV efficacy. Translation of these findings to humans may require deletion of genes inhibiting these responses from the HCMV/HIV vector.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jakub Kopycinski, Hongbing Yang, Gemma Hancock, Matthew Pace, Ellen Kim, John Frater, Wolfgang Stohr, Tomas Hanke, Sarah Fidler, Lucy Dorrell
Summary: The "kick and kill" cure strategy aims to eliminate HIV-infected cells by inducing HIV protein expression and triggering immune responses. In a trial involving individuals with primary HIV infection, therapeutic vaccination along with antiretroviral therapy showed increased virus-specific immune responses, similar to those seen in HIV controllers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Afam A. Okoye, Derick D. Duell, Yoshinori Fukazawa, Benjamin Varco-Merth, Alejandra Marenco, Hannah Behrens, Morgan Chaunzwa, Andrea N. Selseth, Roxanne M. Gilbride, Jason Shao, Paul T. Edlefsen, Romas Geleziunas, Mykola Pinkevych, Miles P. Davenport, Kathleen Busman-Sahay, Michael Nekorchuk, Haesun Park, Jeremy Smedley, Michael K. Axthelm, Jacob D. Estes, Scott G. Hansen, Brandon F. Keele, Jeffery D. Lifson, Louis J. Picker
Summary: The study found that CD8+ T cell depletion did not significantly affect the control of SIV reactivation during ART, but after ART cessation, rhesus macaques with CD8+ T cell depletion showed a significant increase in post-ART plasma viremia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Rebecca T. Veenhuis, Celina M. Abreu, Erin N. Shirk, Lucio Gama, Janice E. Clements
Summary: Recent studies have challenged the previous belief that macrophages have a moderate lifespan and lack self-renewal potential, instead suggesting an important role as long-lived HIV reservoirs. It is critical to understand HIV infection, replication, and latency in macrophages in order to determine the appropriate method for measuring and eliminating this cellular reservoir. This review provides insight into the biology and infection dynamics of monocytes and macrophages, emphasizing the importance of replication, latency, and reservoir measurement in myeloid cells.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
