期刊
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 206, 期 7, 页码 993-1001出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis465
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资金
- South African HIV/AIDS Research Platform (SHARP)
- US National Institutes for Health [FIC K01-TW007793]
- US Agency for International Development (USAID)
- Family Health International (FHI) [GPO-A-00-05-00022-00, 132119]
- LIFELab, a biotechnology centre of the South African Department of Science and Technology
- TRAPS (Tenofovir gel Research for AIDS Prevention Science) Program
- CONRAD [GP00-08-00005-00, PPA-09-046]
- US National Institutes for Health's Comprehensive International Program of Research on AIDS (CIPRA) [AI51794]
- LIFELab
- Columbia University-South Africa Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [AITRP D43 TW000231]
- Massachusetts General Hospital Physician Scientist Development Award
The antiretroviral agent, tenofovir, formulated as a vaginal microbicide gel, reduces human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition by 39% in women. This study assessed the role of preexisting immune activation in HIV acquisition in women from the CAPRISA 004 trial, to identify potential strategies to increase the effectiveness of tenofovir gel. Systemic cytokine and cellular immune mediators (platelets and natural killer [NK] cells) were assessed in women at high risk for HIV assigned to either tenofovir or placebo gel in the CAPRISA 004 trial. Notwithstanding tenofovir gel use, women who acquired HIV had significantly higher systemic innate immune activation prior to infection than women who remained uninfected. Activation of both soluble (cytokine) and cellular (NK cells) immune mediators were associated with HIV acquisition, individually or in combination. Hence, an innate immune activation suppressant could be added to tenofovir gel as a potential combination gel strategy in developing the next generation of higher efficacy antiretroviral microbicides.
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