Article
Spectroscopy
Zikhona Gabazana, Lungile Sitole
Summary: HIV infection can lead to metabolic disorders, with current clinical markers being limited and unreliable. This study used Raman spectroscopy to analyze metabolic changes in plasma of different HIV treatment groups and controls, identifying significant differences and altered metabolites. The study highlights the potential of Raman spectroscopy in distinguishing metabolic effects of HIV therapy.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karolina Jurkowska, Beata Szymanska, Brygida Knysz, Agnieszka Piwowar
Summary: This study assessed the impact of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) on selected parameters related to metabolism, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation in HIV-infected patients. The results indicated significant changes in the expression of these parameters during HIV infection and cART. The data may contribute to better monitoring of the infection and optimizing therapy to prevent comorbidities.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Roland Wesolowski, Marta Pawlowska, Malgorzata Smogula, Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
Summary: Toxoplasma gondii is a globally distributed protozoan parasite that infects a third of the world's population, causing toxoplasmosis which is considered a neglected parasitic infection. Most infections in healthy individuals are asymptomatic, but the disease can be life-threatening in immunocompromised patients. HIV-infected patients have a high burden of co-infection with Toxoplasma gondii, highlighting the need for modern, sensitive, and specific methods to monitor the course of toxoplasmosis in immunodeficient patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Wellinton M. do Nascimento, Aline Machiavelli, Luiz G. E. Ferreira, Luisa Cruz Silveira, Suwellen S. D. de Azevedo, Gonzalo Bello, Daniel P. Smith, Melissa P. Mezzari, Joseph F. Petrosino, Rubens Tadeu Delgado Duarte, Carlos R. Zarate-Blades, Aguinaldo R. Pinto
Summary: The study investigated the gut microbiota profile of antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1 patients and healthy donors, revealing that different infection routes and HIV subtypes may be associated with variations in gut microbiota composition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Temesgen Fiseha, Worku Alemu, Henok Dereje, Zemenu Tamir, Angesom Gebreweld
Summary: The study in North Shewa, Ethiopia, found a high prevalence of dyslipidaemia among HIV-infected patients receiving first-line ART. Factors associated with poor lipid profiles included older age, urban residence, longer duration of ART use, higher BMI, and smoking. Monitoring of blood lipid levels in HIV patients on long term first-line ART is important, especially for those demographic and lifestyle factors.
Article
Cell Biology
Styliani Karanika, Theodoros Karantanos, Herman Carneiro, Sabrina A. Assoumou
Summary: The study aimed to develop a model to accurately predict the 10-year cardiovascular disease risk of HIV-infected patients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, dividing patients into model development and validation cohorts. Logistic regression analysis was used to create a prediction risk model with 11 variables, and the model's discrimination was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve. The model showed good accuracy in predicting cardiovascular disease risk when applied to the validation cohort. Rating: 8/10.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lina Fan, Penghui Li, Aiping Yu, Dan Liu, Ziyu Wang, Yue Wu, Defa Zhang, Meiyin Zou, Ping Ma
Summary: This study evaluated the association between inadequate immune response and non-AIDS related diseases in HIV-infected patients aged 60 years or older who had been virally suppressed for at least 2 years by ART. The results showed that inadequate immune reconstitution was associated with non-AIDS diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, tumor, and chronic kidney disease, and it was also associated with higher mortality in this cohort.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
A. Gonzalez-Serna, A. Corma-Gomez, F. Tellez, S. Garcia-Martin, A. Rivero-Juarez, M. Frias, F. J. Vera-Mendez, I De los Santos, D. Merino, L. Morano, A. Imaz, C. Galera, M. Serrano, J. Macias, J. A. Pineda
Summary: The study found that in HIV/HCV coinfected patients, treatment with NNRTI plus 2 NRTI combinations is associated with a higher level of liver stiffness decrease compared to other antiretroviral therapy combinations.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Maria M. Plummer, Charles S. Pavia
Summary: HIV infects and destroys helper T cells to suppress the immune system, reproducing itself via a unique mechanism. HIV/AIDS patients are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic, but current vaccines have shown to be effective for them as well.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Ji, Hangil Lee, Shawn Kaura, James Yip, Hao Sun, Longfei Guan, Wei Han, Yuchuan Ding
Summary: Obesity is a widespread public health issue with various comorbidities, and bariatric surgery is considered an effective treatment method. Different types of bariatric surgery alter food metabolism pathways and reduce stomach capacity to lower food tolerance, leading to a significant decrease in body mass index.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Olufemi K. Fabusoro, Luis A. Mejia
Summary: Undernutrition is a leading cause of death in infants and children, especially in HIV-prevalent poor-resource environments. The complexity of the relationship between HIV infection, nutrition, and the immune system requires further research and exploration to address the challenges.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Martini, Paolo Maggi, Cristina Gervasoni, Lorenzo Onorato, Sergio Ferrara, Loredana Alessio, Chiara Bellacosa, Vincenzo Esposito, Giovanni Di Filippo, Addolorata Masiello, Adelaide Maddaloni, Simona Madonia, Giovanna D'Alessio, Viviana Rizzo, Nicola Coppola
Summary: This study suggests an association between TAF and hypercholesterolemia in HIV-naive patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Esubalew Woldeyes, Henok Fisseha, Hailu Abera Mulatu, Abiy Ephrem, Henok Benti, Mehari Wale Alem, Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed
Summary: Noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, are becoming increasingly important in HIV care. Echocardiography is a useful tool for assessing cardiac disease. This study found a high prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities in HIV-infected patients, with associations to age, gender, and blood pressure.
Article
Cell Biology
Lesley R. de Armas, Suresh Pallikkuth, Li Pan, Stefano Rinaldi, Rajendra Pahwa, Savita Pahwa
Summary: The study found that people living with HIV who received anti-retroviral therapy experienced accelerated immune aging compared to healthy controls, and immune biomarkers in blood samples could be used as an indicator of "immunological age" during HIV infection treated with ART.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Weiyue Zhang, Xin Guo, Lulu Chen, Ting Chen, Jiayu Yu, Chaodong Wu, Juan Zheng
Summary: The ketogenic diet (KD) has shown promising effects in managing various cardio-metabolic diseases (CMDs) like obesity, heart failure, and hypertension, but remains controversial in diabetes and dyslipidemia. Current evidence suggests that KD is generally protective against obesity-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) but contradictory in diabetes and other metabolic disorder-related CVDs. More rigorous research focusing on clinical safety, treatment duration, and plan of KDs is needed to address the existing controversies.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
