Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
David R. Danforth, Marcella Melloni, Jake Tristano, Keith P. Mintz
Summary: The study on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans revealed the importance of surface proteins in biofilm formation, with mutations in different genes affecting biofilm mass and showing a certain redundancy in function.
MOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Karla Ruiz-Cortes, Daniel N. Villageliu, Derrick R. Samuelson
Summary: Alcohol use can impact the function of both innate and adaptive immune cells, leading to immune dysfunction and organ damage. The role of innate lymphocytes, particularly liver-resident natural killer cells, in alcohol-induced pathogenesis is of increasing interest. However, the specific role of innate lymphocytes in alcohol-induced end-organ damage remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiyu Ma, Jinsong Wang, Lei Hu, Songlin Wang
Summary: Periodontitis is an irreversible inflammatory response that occurs in periodontal tissues. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been found to play a crucial role in regulating immune responses in periodontitis. This review focuses on the intricate crosstalk between ILCs and the microenvironment in periodontal tissue homeostasis for the purpose of regulating or improving immune responses in periodontitis prevention and therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rongmeng Jiang, Bing Han, Chang Dou, Fei Zhou, Bin Cao, Xingwang Li
Summary: The rationale for antibiotic treatment of viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults was analyzed, revealing a high rate of unreasonable antibiotic use, highlighting the need for clinicians to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hector Teran-Navarro, David Salcines-Cuevas, Ricardo Calderon-Gonzalez, Raquel Tobes, Jorge Calvo-Montes, Inmaculada Concepcion Perez-Del Molino Bernal, Sonsoles Yanez-Diaz, Manuel Fresno, Carmen Alvarez-Dominguez
Summary: It has been shown that using DC loaded with LM-GAPDH recombinant proteins as vaccine vectors is the safest and most immunogenic choice, providing effective protection against Listeria, Mycobacterium, and Streptococcus groups in adult vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John A. A. D'Elia, Larry A. A. Weinrauch
Summary: A wide spectrum of Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria in the United States has shown resistance to various antibiotics over the past decade. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is not currently a major threat in North/South America, Europe, and the Middle East. However, the migration of populations due to environmental factors may increase the global spread of this ancient pathogen. The emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from China and India to African countries has become a concern for Europe and North America.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Dogukan Yilmaz, Emel Gonullu, Mervi Gursoy, Eija Kononen, Ulvi Kahraman Gursoy
Summary: The study found elevated levels of MCP-1, MIF, and fractalkine in saliva in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Higher concentrations of MCP-1 and fractalkine were observed in saliva of the control group compared to the periodontitis group. In serum, MCP-1 concentrations were higher in the rheumatoid arthritis with periodontitis group than in the periodontitis-only group.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Xuanzhi Zhu, Hanyao Huang, Lei Zhao
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic artery disease, and periodontitis is a risk factor for it. There is a molecular pathological mechanism connecting the two conditions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Francois Isnaldo Dias Caldeira, Marco Antonio Rimachi Hidalgo, Marina Lara De Carli Dias, Raquel Mantuaneli Scarel-Caminaga, Suzane Cristina Pigossi
Summary: The study revealed that levels of molecules such as IL-1, IL-6, and RANKL were higher in gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid of individuals with periodontitis.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jan Kowalski, Renata Gorska, Martyna Cieslik, Andrzej Gorski, Ewa Jonczyk-Matysiak
Summary: Periodontitis, a serious medical and social problem, can lead to tooth loss and contribute to the development of various diseases. The search for and isolation of bacteriophages specific to the bacteria causing periodontitis is seen as a great opportunity to address persistent colonization by bacterial pathogens and reduce the use of antibiotics to limit antibiotic resistance.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Maziar Divangahi, Babak Javid, Eva Kaufmann
Summary: Analysis of antibody responses in BCG intravenous vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in non-human primates suggests a potential protective role for IgM antibodies.
Article
Immunology
Pawel Piatek, Magdalena Namiecinska, Natalia Lewkowicz, Malgorzata Kulinska-Michalska, Zbigniew Jablonowski, Mariola Matysiak, Justyna Dulska, Sylwia Michlewska, Marek Wieczorek, Przemyslaw Lewkowicz
Summary: This study observed rapid changes in neutrophil status and identified transcriptional start sites associated with the plasticity and heterogeneity of neutrophils. Gene Ontology analysis showed these sites are responsible for various neutrophil functions. Additionally, the study discovered that IL-10-induced apoptotic neutrophils are transcriptionally active and capable of switching the cytokine expression profile required for resolving inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Valerie M. Vaughn, Tejal N. Gandhi, Timothy P. Hofer, Lindsay A. Petty, Anurag N. Malani, Danielle Osterholzer, Lisa E. Dumkow, David Ratz, Jennifer K. Horowitz, Elizabeth S. McLaughlin, Tawny Czilok, Scott A. Flanders
Summary: In a 3-year quality improvement initiative, it was found that the appropriate use of 5-day antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia increased to 43.9% over time, resulting in a decrease in adverse events.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fuzhen Zhang, Shanshan Yu, Qiyao Chai, Jing Wang, Tuoya Wu, Rongmei Liu, Yi Liu, Cui Hua Liu, Yu Pang
Summary: Research has shown that TB resisters exhibit higher immune responses and lower intracellular bacterial loads upon infection, largely dependent on the specific immune factor HDAC6.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cameron Stotts, Vicente F. Corrales-Medina, Katey J. Rayner
Summary: Pneumonia is inflammation in the lungs that is usually caused by an infection. Severe illness is often seen in vulnerable populations such as children, older adults, and those with preexisting health conditions. The inflammatory response during pneumonia appears to play a central role in the development of adverse cardiac events, such as myocardial infarction. Understanding the cross talk between the lungs and the heart during and after pneumonia is crucial for developing therapeutics to prevent pneumonia-associated cardiovascular events.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Charles Feldman, Ronald Anderson
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Richard G. Wunderink, Charles Feldman
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Charles Feldman, Ronald Anderson
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Correction
Infectious Diseases
Maren Kummerow, Erica J. Shaddock, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Roos B. Barth, Diederick E. Grobbee, W. D. Francois Venter, Charles Feldman, Alinda Vos
SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HIV MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sarah E. van Riel, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Roos E. Barth, Diederick E. Grobbee, Charles Feldman, Erica Shaddock, Sarah L. Stacey, Willem D. F. Venter, Alinda G. Vos
Summary: The study identified a history of TB or pneumonia as an independent predictor of impaired lung function in an HIV-positive population in an urban African setting.
SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HIV MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Oda E. van den Berg, Erica J. Shaddock, Sarah L. Stacey, Charles Feldman, Roos E. Barth, Diederick E. Grobbee, Willem D. F. Venter, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Alinda G. Vos
Summary: The study found that HIV infection and ART use were not associated with reduced pulmonary function in an urban African population in Johannesburg, South Africa. Tuberculosis played a mediating role in the relationship between HIV, ART, and pulmonary function.
SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HIV MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Annelotte E. Sussenbach, Sjors W. L. van Gijzel, Samanta T. Lalla-Edward, Willem D. F. Venter, Erica Shaddock, Charles Feldman, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Alinda G. Vos
Summary: This study investigated the impact of smoking and HIV status on lung function in South Africa. The results showed that neither smoking nor being HIV-positive was associated with reduced pulmonary function in this relatively young population. These findings should be confirmed in larger and longer-term studies.
SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HIV MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Charles Feldman
SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Charles Feldman
SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Charles Feldman, Charles L. Sprung, Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Anne Pohrt, Christiane S. Hartog, Christopher Danbury, Manfred Weiss, Alexander Avidan, Angel Estella, Gavin M. Joynt, Alexandre Lautrette, Edoardo Geat, Gabor Elo, Eldar Soreide, Olivier Lesieur, Maria G. Bocci, Sudakshina Mullick, Annette Robertsen, Roshni Sreedharan, Hans-Henrik Bulow, Paulo A. Maia, Maria Cruz Martin-Delgado, Joseph F. Cosgrove, Nikki Blackwell, Silvia Perez-Protto, Guy A. Richards
Summary: The possibility of prolonging life in the ICU is increasing, resulting in decisions to limit life-sustaining therapies. This study examined communication practices at the end of life in ICUs worldwide and found significant regional differences. The study also suggested that ethical practice and the presence of an advance directive may increase the likelihood of communication. Efforts are needed to align treatment with patients' wishes.
Article
Oncology
Bernardo Leon Rapoport, Simon Nayler, Bernhard Mlecnik, Teresa Smit, Liezl Heyman, Isabelle Bouquet, Marine Martel, Jerome Galon, Carol-Ann Benn, Ronald Anderson
Summary: This study evaluated the prognostic utility of a digital imaging procedure called ISCR in breast cancer patients, and found that ISCR can assess tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment and correlate with clinical outcomes. This suggests that ISCR may be a promising prognostic tool.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annette J. Theron, Ronald Anderson, Morris Madzime, Theresa M. Rossouw, Helen C. Steel, Pieter W. A. Meyer, Moloko C. Cholo, Luyanda L. I. Kwofie, Charles Feldman, Gregory R. Tintinger
Summary: A study suggests that the HIV integrase inhibitor, dolutegravir, may be associated with weight gain and the development of metabolic syndrome. This could be due to the pro-inflammatory effects of dolutegravir leading to systemic inflammation. The study found that dolutegravir can stimulate neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species and increase the release of elastase, which may contribute to insulin resistance and weight gain.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ronald Anderson, Charles Feldman
Summary: Despite advances in therapies and vaccine technologies, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major global cause of infection-related mortality. Elderly individuals are particularly susceptible to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) which can lead to fatal cardiovascular events (CVEs). This review focuses on the prevalence and types of CVEs associated with bacterial CAP, especially IPD, and discusses the role of the pneumococcal toxin pneumolysin (Ply) in suppressing host immune defenses and promoting cardiac invasion. The review also covers the use of macrolide antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial CAP and mechanisms by which these agents inhibit Ply production in macrolide-resistant strains.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Charles Feldman, Ronald Anderson
Summary: The current review provides an extensive look at the prevalence of co-infections and superinfections in patients with COVID-19, highlighting their potential impact on the severity and outcome of the disease. However, a clear distinction between the two types of infections is often lacking in the literature.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Robin J. Green, Andre Van Niekerk, Marinda McDonald, Raymond Friedman, Charles Feldman, Guy Richards, Fatima Mustafa
SOUTH AFRICAN FAMILY PRACTICE
(2020)