Article
Virology
Min Dou, Wenjun Song, Yongping Lin, Qigao Chen, Chang Lu, Zhongmin Liu
Summary: The study analyzed clinical characteristics and viral genes in patients with severe pneumonia due to H1N1 influenza virus in Guangzhou in 2019. Risk factors for severe disease were identified as chronic lung disease and cardiovascular disease, with a significant rate of secondary infections in critically ill patients. Furthermore, serum IL-8 levels were significantly higher in critically ill patients compared to nonsevere patients and healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Jakob N. Nissen, Sophie J. George, Charlotte K. Hjulsager, Jesper S. Krog, Xiaohui C. Nielsen, Tina V. Madsen, Klara M. Andersen, Tyra G. Krause, Lasse S. Vestergaard, Lars E. Larsen, Ramona Trebbien
Summary: In January 2021, a case of human infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus containing a nonstructural gene highly similar to Eurasian avian-like H1Nx swine influenza virus was detected in Denmark. The clinical case and testing results of the genetic and antigenic characterizations of the virus were described.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Justin R. Ortiz, David Bernstein, Daniel F. Hoft, Christopher W. Woods, Micah T. McClain, Sharon E. Frey, Rebecca C. Brady, Christopher Bryant, Ashley Wegel, Robert W. Frenck Jr, Emmanuel B. Walter, Getahun Abate, Sarah R. Williams, Robert L. Atmar, Wendy A. Keitel, Nadine Rouphael, Mathew J. Memoli, Mamodikoe K. Makhene, Paul C. Roberts, Kathleen M. Neuzil
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between baseline influenza virus-specific HAI and MN titers and subsequent symptomatic influenza virus infection in a controlled human infection study. The results showed that high baseline HAI and MN were associated with protection from illness.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pavithra Daulagala, Brian R. Mann, Kathy Leung, Eric H. Y. Lau, Louise Yung, Ruipeng Lei, Sarea I. N. Nizami, Joseph T. Wu, Susan S. Chiu, Rodney S. Daniels, Nicholas C. Wu, David Wentworth, Malik Peiris, Hui-Ling Yen
Summary: Immune imprinting shapes the anti-HA antibody landscape, but the evaluation of anti-HA and anti-NA antibody responses in individuals born within the same birth cohort has been limited. This study characterized NA antigenic variants and found age-dependent imprinting of both anti-HA and anti-NA antibodies. Including NA proteins in influenza vaccine preparations may enhance vaccine efficacy.
Article
Virology
Menucha Jurkowicz, Ital Nemet, Nofar Atari, Ilana S. Fratty, Limor Kliker, Hilda Sherbany, Nathan Keller, Eugene Leibovitz, Ella Mendelson, Michal Mandelboim, Michal Stein
Summary: The 2019-2020 influenza season in Israel was characterized by a high-intensity and early morbidity peak. A cohort of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza was analyzed to further understand disease severity. The study revealed vaccine delays, shortages, and a disproportionate targeting of children and young adults by A(H3N2) and B/Victoria strains, emphasizing the vulnerability of infants and young children and the importance of influenza prevention measures in this population.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Lei Xing, Yunbo Chen, Boqian Chen, Ling Bu, Ying Liu, Zhiqi Zeng, Wenda Guan, Qigao Chen, Yongping Lin, Kun Qin, Honglin Chen, Xilong Deng, Xinhua Wang, Wenjun Song
Summary: The emergence of the influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus in 2009 and its continuous circulation in humans for over a decade has led to genetic mutations and rapid antigenic changes in the virus. The study on a clinical case in Guangdong revealed a novel substitution motif in the hemagglutinin segment of the virus, which showed faster propagation kinetics and weaker binding to antibodies from previous vaccine strains. This suggests that old vaccines may not be effective in protecting against the antigenic drift pdm09 virus, posing a risk for individuals vaccinated in the southern hemisphere.
Review
Immunology
Pan Ge, Ted M. Ross
Summary: This article reviews the evolutionary characteristics of glycosylation on the HA protein of the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in the last ten years, discussing the crucial impact of evolutionary glycosylation on the biological characteristics of the virus and the host immune responses. Studies reveal different roles of glycosylation play during host adaptation, highlighting the significance of glycosylation evolution in host-virus interaction, while pointing out that much remains to be discovered about the mechanism.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Omid Rashidi, Afagh Moattari, Neda Pirbonyeh, Amir Emami, Mohammad Rahim Kadivar, Nahid Tavakoli Movaghar, Fahimeh Edalat
Summary: The study aimed to determine the genetic mutation of the neuraminidase gene in influenza A (H1N1) viruses in southwest Iran. The emergence of oseltamivir resistance was identified, highlighting the importance of conducting similar evaluations in different geographical regions and planning treatment strategies for influenza.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mi Liu, Jingze Liu, Wenjun Song, Yousong Peng, Xiao Ding, Lizong Deng, Taijiao Jiang
Summary: This study developed a model to predict antigenic relationships and identify antigenic clusters for H1N1pdm viruses, which performed well in predicting antigenic variants. Mapping the antigenic clusters revealed different patterns of antigenic evolution and localized epidemic for H1N1pdm compared to former seasonal H1N1. The model provides a rapid determination method for antigenic variants and further analysis can aid vaccine recommendations and influenza surveillance for H1N1pdm.
Article
Infectious Diseases
C-C Lee, Y. Liu, K-T Lu, C. Wei, K. Su, W-T Hsu, S-C Chen
Summary: Adults aged 20-64 and octogenarians were more likely to experience all-cause 30-day mortality during influenza hospitalization compared with older adults aged 65-79. This trend was not explained by admission threshold bias, as the 30-day mortality rate due to in-hospital bacterial pneumonia increased consistently with age.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Virology
Takuma Soga, Calvin Duong, David Pattinson, Yuko Sakai-Tagawa, Akifumi Tokita, Naomi Izumida, Tamon Nishino, Haruhisa Hagiwara, Noriyuki Wada, Yumi Miyamoto, Haruo Kuroki, Yuka Hayashi, Masafumi Seki, Natsuko Kasuya, Michiko Koga, Eisuke Adachi, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Seiya Yamayoshi, Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Summary: During the 2019-2020 influenza season in Japan, two kinds of antigenically drifted viruses-N156K and D187A/Q189E viruses-co-circulated, leading to changes in the antigenicity of the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. The D187A and Q189E substitutions in the HA protein emerged and dominated during this season, while the N156K substitution was detected at a higher frequency compared to the previous season.
Article
Immunology
Teena Mohan, Ha T. Nguyen, Krista Kniss, Vasiliy P. Mishin, Angiezel A. Merced-Morales, Jennifer Laplante, Kirsten St George, Patricia Blevins, Anton Chesnokov, Juan A. De la Cruz, Rebecca Kondor, David E. Wentworth, Larisa Gubareva
Summary: Four cases of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus infection were detected among inhabitants of a border detention center in Texas, USA. The hemagglutinin of these viruses belongs to subclade 6B.1A5A-156K, which may enable viral escape from preexisting immunity, highlighting the importance of monitoring both drug resistance and antigenic drift of circulating viruses.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gulshan Umbreen, Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Avais, Chanda Jabeen, Shakera Sadiq, Rubab Maqsood, Hamad Bin Rashid, Saira Afzal, Mamoona Chaudhry
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the burden of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus infection among human tuberculosis patients and the general population. The results showed that individuals from the TB cohort had a higher incidence of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 compared to the general population, suggesting that they should be prioritized for influenza vaccination.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ahmed Magdy Khalil, Reiko Yoshida, Tatsunori Masatani, Ayato Takada, Makoto Ozawa
Summary: The study revealed that swine influenza A viruses related to A(H1N1)pdm09 have broader genetic diversity in their haemagglutinin gene, which is associated with antigenic variation in their HA. Among the 12 swIAVs isolated in Japan, five showed significant differences in HA antigenicity compared to an early A(H1N1)pdm09 isolate, with single amino acid substitutions and varying neutralization patterns observed. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring for emergence of swIAV antigenic variants that may have public health implications.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Fu-Shun Yen, James Cheng-Chung Wei, Ying-Hsiu Shih, Chung Y. Hsu, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Chii-Min Hwu
Summary: This study shows that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who use metformin as a pre-influenza vaccination have lower risks of hospitalization for influenza, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, mechanical ventilation, and mortality compared to nonusers of metformin.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Raquel Parra-Millan, Manuel E. Jimenez-Mejias, Rafael Ayerbe-Algaba, Juan Dominguez-Herrera, Caridad Diaz, Jose Perez del Palacio, Jeronimo Pachon, Younes Smani
Summary: The study showed that modifying immune response with LPC in murine models had a significant impact on the prognosis of infections induced by ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa, compared to antibiotic therapy alone.
ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Alba Escalera, Ana S. Gonzalez-Reiche, Sadaf Aslam, Ignacio Mena, Manon Laporte, Rebecca L. Pearl, Andrea Fossati, Raveen Rathnasinghe, Hala Alshammary, Adriana van de Guchte, Keith Farrugia, Yiren Qin, Mehdi Bouhaddou, Thomas Kehrer, Lorena Zuliani-Alvarez, David A. Meekins, Velmurugan Balaraman, Chester McDowell, Jurgen A. Richt, Goran Bajic, Emilia Mia Sordillo, Marion Dejosez, Thomas P. Zwaka, Nevan J. Krogan, Viviana Simon, Randy A. Albrecht, Harm van Bakel, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Teresa Aydillo
Summary: This study characterized the spike polymorphisms of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and investigated their impact on transmissibility and virus pathogenicity. The findings showed that specific substitutions enhance viral replication and spike protein cleavage, leading to increased transmission efficiency in infection models and human airway systems.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mundeep K. Kainth, Joanna S. Fishbein, Teresa Aydillo, Alba Escalera, Rachael Odusanya, Kalliopi Grammatikopoulos, Tiffany Scotto, Christine B. Sethna, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Clifford S. Deutschman
Summary: This study investigated antibody and cytokine responses following influenza vaccination in obese children. The results showed that obesity did not alter the efficacy of the vaccine, regardless of metabolic health. However, metabolically unhealthy obese children had decreased IL-13 levels, which may be associated with altered inflammatory response.
Article
Cell Biology
Verena van der Heide, Sonia Jangra, Phillip Cohen, Raveen Rathnasinghe, Sadaf Aslam, Teresa Aydillo, Daniel Geanon, Diana Handler, Geoffrey Kelley, Brian Lee, Adeeb Rahman, Travis Dawson, Jingjing Qi, Darwin D'Souza, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Julia K. Panzer, Alejandro Caicedo, Irina Kusmartseva, Amanda L. Posgai, Mark A. Atkinson, Randy A. Albrecht, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Brad R. Rosenberg, Michael Schotsaert, Dirk Homann
Summary: In this study, comprehensive single-cell analysis of SARS-CoV-2-infected human pancreatic islets revealed that the infection is strictly dependent on the ACE2 receptor and targets various pancreatic cell types. However, the infection is limited and non-cytopathic, causing only mild cellular perturbations and inflammatory responses. Similar outcomes were observed with endemic coronaviruses. Further evaluation is needed to determine if COVID-19-induced damage to the pancreas and immunological changes increase the risk of diabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cristina Cerrada-Romero, Judith Berastegui-Cabrera, Pedro Camacho-Martinez, Josune Goikoetxea-Aguirre, Patricia Perez-Palacios, Sonia Santibanez, Maria Jose Blanco-Vidal, Adoracion Valiente, Jorge Alba, Regino Rodriguez-Alvarez, Alvaro Pascual, Jose Antonio Oteo, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Jeronimo Pachon, Inmaculada Casas-Flecha, Elisa Cordero, Francisco Pozo, Javier Sanchez-Cespedes
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the viability of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles excreted in stools and determine if their presence is associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome. The results showed that the replicative capacity of SARS-CoV-2 in stool samples is very limited and not associated with gastrointestinal symptoms or the progression of COVID-19 patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Tania Cebrero-Cangueiro, Gema Labrador-Herrera, Marta Carretero-Ledesma, Soraya Herrera-Espejo, Rocio Alvarez-Marin, Jeronimo Pachon, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Maria Eugenia Pachon-Ibanez
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of ceftazidime or colistin in combination with polyclonal IgM-enriched immunoglobulin (IgM-IG) in an experimental pneumonia model. The results showed that ceftazidime was more effective than colistin for both strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colistin plus IgM-IG had a certain reduction effect on the bacterial lung concentration of both colistin-susceptible and resistant strains, as well as the bacteremia rate of the colistin-resistant strain.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Qian Zhang, Andres Pizzorno, Lisa Miorin, Paul Bastard, Adrian Gervais, Tom Le Voyer, Lucy Bizien, Jeremy Manry, Jeremie Rosain, Quentin Philippot, Kelian Goavec, Blandine Padey, Anastasija Cupic, Emilie Laurent, Kahina Saker, Martti Vanker, Karita Saerekannu, Tamara Garcia-Salum, Marcela Ferres, Nicole Le Corre, Javier Sanchez-Cespedes, Maria Balsera-Manzanero, Jordi Carratala, Pilar Retamar-Gentil, Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso, Adoracion Valiente, Pierre Tiberghien, Marie Zins, Stephanie Debette, Isabelle Meyts, Filomeen Haerynck, Riccardo Castagnoli, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Luis I. Gonzalez-Granado, Nerea Dominguez-Pinilla, Evangelos Andreakos, Vasiliki Triantafyllia, Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego, Jordi Sole-Violan, Jose Juan Ruiz-Hernandez, Felipe Rodriguez de Castro, Jose Ferreres, Marisa Briones, Joost Wauters, Lore Vanderbeke, Simon Feys, Chen-Yen Kuo, Wei-Te Lei, Cheng-Lung Ku, Galit Tal, Amos Etzioni, Suhair Hanna, Thomas Fournet, Jean-Sebastien Casalegno, Gregory Queromes, Laurent Argaud, Etienne Javouhey, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Elisa Cordero, Teresa Aydillo, Rafael A. Medina, Kai Kisand, Anne Puel, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Laurent Abel, Aurelie Cobat, Sophie Trouillet-Assant, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Jean-Laurent Casanova
Summary: In a study of 279 international patients with hypoxemic influenza pneumonia, 4.6% of patients were found to have autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha and/or -omega, which may contribute to life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia and severe adverse reactions to yellow fever vaccine. These antibodies increased influenza virus replication and were more prevalent in patients under 70 years old compared to the general population. Patients with high concentrations of both IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega antibodies had the highest risk of critical influenza.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Laura Sanchez-de Prada, Ivan Sanz-Munoz, Raul Ortiz de Lejarazu, Jose Maria Eiros, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Teresa Aydillo
Summary: Current influenza vaccines induce humoral immune responses against the HA protein, with Sb and Ca2 antigenic sites showing high immunodominance. Elderly individuals have lower pre-vaccination antibody levels, while young adults have lower levels only at the Sb and Ca2 sites. After vaccination, ATIV reduces humoral responses to all viruses, while QIV only reduces responses to Sb and Ca2.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Soraya Herrera-Espejo, Ester Del Barrio-Tofino, Tania Cebrero-Cangueiro, Carla Lopez-Causape, Rocio Alvarez-Marin, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Jeronimo Pachon, Antonio Oliver, Maria Eugenia Pachon-Ibanez
Summary: In the context of difficult-to-treat carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, carbapenem combinations were found to have limited efficacy. Meropenem monotherapy showed better in vivo efficacy, possibly due to sufficient antimicrobial exposure at the infection sites.
Article
Immunology
Teresa Aydillo, Ana S. Gonzalez-Reiche, Daniel Stadlbauer, Mary Anne Amper, Venugopalan D. Nair, Chiara Mariottini, Stuart C. Sealfon, Harm van Bakel, Peter Palese, Florian Krammer, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
Summary: In this study, a phase 1 clinical trial was conducted to test the immunogenicity of a chimeric group 1 HA universal influenza virus vaccine. The results showed that vaccination with adjuvanted-inactivated vaccines induced an upregulation of genes involved in innate immune responses and type I interferon signaling. This study provides valuable insights into immune responses and gene expression regulation induced by the vaccine.
Article
Immunology
Laura Sanchez-de Prada, Ivan Sanz-Munoz, Weina Sun, Peter Palese, Raul Ortiz de Lejarazu, Jose Maria Eiros, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Teresa Aydillo
Summary: Objective: The study investigated the induction of HA stalk-specific antibodies after seasonal influenza vaccination, considering the age of the cohorts. The results showed that there were differences in the antibody responses among different age groups, with lower responses observed in older individuals.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alejandro Rubio, Maximilian Sprang, Andres Garzon, Antonio Moreno-Rodriguez, Maria Eugenia Pachon-Ibanez, Jeronimo Pachon, Miguel A. Andrade-Navarro, Antonio J. Perez-Pulido
Summary: CRISPR-Cas systems are a type of acquired immunity found in 40% of bacterial genomes, which use small DNA fragments called spacers to prevent viral infections. However, the majority of these spacers, known as CRISPR dark matter, have not been associated with specific viruses. Through analyzing spacers from tens of thousands of genomes, researchers have reduced the amount of CRISPR dark matter from 80% to as low as 15% in some bacterial species. Additionally, it has been observed that genomes with CRISPR-Cas systems also have specific sets of membrane proteins, suggesting a connection between bacterial competitiveness and the acquisition of CRISPR-Cas.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lydia Galvez-Benitez, Jose Manuel Ortiz de la Rosa, Angel Rodriguez-Villodres, Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer, Irene Molina-Panadero, Rocio Alvarez-Marin, Remy A. Bonnin, Thierry Naas, Jeronimo Pachon, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Jose Antonio Lepe, Younes Smani
Summary: This study aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying Piperacillin-tazobactam resistance (P/T-R) in Escherichia coli. The results showed that P/T-R isolates had a higher copy number of the bla(TEM) gene, generated by three different genetic events. In addition, reduced expression of OmpC was observed in two P/T-R strains. This study provides important insights into the acquisition of P/T-R in E. coli, which is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of resistant microorganisms.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Patricia Mingo-Casas, Javier Sanchez-Cespedes, Ana-Belen Blazquez, Josefina Casas, Maria Balsera-Manzanero, Laura Herrero, Ana Vazquez, Jeronimo Pachon, Manuela Aguilar-Guisado, Jose Miguel Cisneros, Juan-Carlos Saiz, Miguel A. Martin-Acebes
Summary: West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes and can cause severe diseases. By studying experimentally infected mice and naturally infected patients, dynamic alterations in the lipidome were identified as metabolic fingerprints of different infection stages. The dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism by WNV may provide new therapeutic opportunities and support the potential of certain lipids as novel peripheral biomarkers of WND progression.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Maria Luisa Gil-Marques, Jeronimo Pachon, Younes Smani
Summary: A. baumannii needs to adapt to hypoxia during infection. This study revealed differential expression of proteins, including the virulence factor OmpW, under hypoxia, highlighting its importance in A. baumannii pathogenesis.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)