Article
Clinical Neurology
Jin Myoung Seok, Mi Young Jeon, Yeon Hak Chung, Hyunjin Ju, Hye Lim Lee, Soonwook Kwon, Ju-Hong Min, Eun-Suk Kang, Byoung Joon Kim
Summary: In this study, a cell-based immunoassay was developed for detecting MOG-Ab epitopes and the clinical characteristics of patients with MOGAD were examined. The P42 position of MOG was found to be the major epitope of MOG-Ab. Only patients reactive to the P42 epitope exhibited a monophasic clinical course and childhood-onset. This study is important for understanding the predictive value of MOG-Ab and its epitopes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yang Zheng, Meng-Ting Cai, Er-Chuang Li, Wei Fang, Chun-Hong Shen, Yin-Xi Zhang
Summary: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) presents a wide spectrum of manifestations, with some overlap with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is important to be cautious of this overlap and to consider MOG antibody testing in patients showing specific clinical features.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Meihui Xu, Chi Ma, Ming Dong, Chunjie Guo, Simin Yang, Yue Liu, Xu Wang
Summary: This study aims to characterize the clinical symptoms, MRI findings, and prognosis of adult cerebral cortical encephalitis (CCE) with anti-MOG antibody. Two adult cases of CCE with anti-MOG antibody were presented and a systematic review of the literature was conducted. The majority of patients had a favorable prognosis after treatment, highlighting the importance of early detection and immunotherapy in improving outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yi Hua, Xuke Yan, Liu Liu, Yilong Wang, Lu Xu, Peifang Jiang, Zhefeng Yuan, Feng Gao
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and follow-up data of 74 Chinese children with different clinical phenotypes of MOGAD. The results showed that the most common clinical phenotypes of MOGAD were ADEM and encephalitis, and recurrence may be related to age and sex, with a higher recurrence rate observed in females.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Amanda Marchionatti, Gisele Hansel, Gabriela Urbanski Avila, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato
Summary: Human antibodies against MOG-IgG are crucial for diagnosing and prognosticating neurological autoimmune diseases. The use of CBA-FC as an automated technique with objective quantification is effective in diagnosing MOG-IgG. Combining CBA-IF and CBA-FC can help overcome limitations of single assays in specific cases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wojciech Ambrosius, Slawomir Michalak, Wojciech Kozubski, Alicja Kalinowska
Summary: MOG-associated disease (MOGAD) is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with various phenotypes, most commonly presenting as optic neuritis and ADEM. Diagnosis relies on detecting serum antibodies and MRI imaging, while treatment includes acute immunotherapy and immunosuppressive therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kathrin Schanda, Patrick Peschl, Magdalena Lerch, Barbara Seebacher, Swantje Mindorf, Nora Ritter, Monika Probst, Harald Hegen, Franziska Di Pauli, Eva-Maria Wendel, Christian Lechner, Matthias Baumann, Sara Mariotto, Sergio Ferrari, Albert Saiz, Michael Farrell, Maria Isabel S. Leite, Sarosh R. Irani, Jacqueline Palace, Andreas Lutterotti, Tania Kuempfel, Sandra Vukusic, Romain Marignier, Patrick Waters, Kevin Rostasy, Thomas Berger, Christian Probst, Romana Hoeftberger, Markus Reindl
Summary: The study analyzed different isoforms of MOG and their binding patterns in patients with non-MS demyelinating diseases, identifying three distinct binding patterns. These patterns were found to be associated with non-MS demyelinating diseases and had unique immunologic characteristics without differences in clinical phenotypes or disease course. This novel finding could potentially improve MOG-IgG assays and enhance understanding of the pathophysiologic role of MOG-IgG.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Sohyeon Kim, Mi-Yeon Eun, Jae-Joon Lee, Hung Youl Seok
Summary: This study highlights the importance of recognizing the potential association between AHEM and MOGAD, especially when distinct MRI patterns are present.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jaydip Ray Chaudhuri, Jui Jade Bagul, Alluri Swathi, Bhim Sen Singhal, N. Chakradhar Reddy, Kiran Kumar Vallam
Summary: This study presents a rare case of MOG antibody-associated disease presenting as intracranial hypertension and bilateral papilledema without typical clinical manifestations of MOGAD. The patient responded well to immunosuppressive therapy using rituximab.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christian W. Keller, Joseph A. Lopez, Eva-Maria Wendel, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Catharina C. Gross, Markus Reindl, Russell C. Dale, Heinz Wiendl, Kevin Rostasy, Fabienne Brilot, Jan D. Luenemann
Summary: MOG-antibody associated diseases account for a significant portion of patients with acquired demyelinating disorders, with elevated systemic complement activation observed in both adult and pediatric cases across all clinical syndromes. Complement inhibition should be considered for therapeutic merit in patients with MOGAD.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Patrick Lipps, Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvao Ribeiro Gomes, Laila Kulsvehagen, Matthias Anthony Mutke, Jens Kuhle, Athina Papadopoulou, Anne-Katrin Probstel
Summary: This study investigates whether the proposed MOGAD diagnostic criteria can exclude other diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, and rely on results of cell-based assays.
Article
Immunology
Li Li, Wen Liu, Qifang Cai, Yuqing Liu, Wenjing Hu, Zhichao Zuo, Qiuhong Ma, Siping He, Ke Jin
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed brain MRI images and clinical manifestations of pediatric patients with MOG antibody-associated encephalitis (MOG-E) and found that 54.5% of patients showed leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on CE-FLAIR images. The results suggest that LME on CE-FLAIR images may be an early marker among patients with MOG-E, and including CE-FLAIR images in MRI protocols for children suspected of MOG-E at an early stage may be useful for the diagnosis of this disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jingsi Wang, Zhandong Qiu, Dawei Li, Xixi Yang, Yan Ding, Lehong Gao, Aihua Liu, Yang Song, Cunjiang Li, Ran Gao, Lin Wang, Liyong Wu, Longfei Jia, Dongmei Guo, Aihong Zhou, Jianping Jia, Liyuan Huang, Miao Qu, Li Gao, Huiqing Dong, Junwei Hao, Zheng Liu
Summary: The study describes the clinical and imaging features of patients with MOG-E in a medical center. Most patients had acute or subacute onset of encephalitic symptoms. MRI abnormalities were observed in all patients, with the most common lesion locations being cortical/subcortical, deep/periventricular white matter, and corpus callosum. The study suggests that chronically progressive encephalitis may be a new phenotype of MOGAD, and recommends testing for MOG-ab in subacute and chronic progressive dementia with leukodystrophy-like MRI lesions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
D. Doig, C. McNamara, L. Mewasingh, S. Beri, B. Jones, C. Kachramanoglou, W. Jan
Summary: This study described two children presenting with generalized seizures due to cortical encephalitis, both of whom were found to have anti-MOG antibodies. MRI scans showed bilateral cortical swelling and abnormal signal intensities.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Youssef Alqahtani, Mohammed Oshi, Naglaa M. Kamal, Mohammed Aljabri, Salma Abosabie, Waleed Elhaj, Sara A. Abosabie
Summary: This article reports a case of a healthy 12-year-old obese boy presenting with headache and bilateral asymmetric papilledema. The patient had an elevated intracranial pressure and pleocytosis, with a MOGA titer of 1:320. After 2 months of treatment, the patient showed significant improvement in symptoms, resolution of papilledema, and improved visual function.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Ana Felipe-Rucian, Andreas Wegener-Panzer, Isabelle Nassenstein, Markus Reindl, Kevin Rostasy
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nicolette Soler, Reinie Cordier, Iain E. Perkes, Russell C. Dale, Paula Bray
Summary: This study evaluated the quality and utility of proxy-reported sensory measures for children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. Only one measure met the criteria for good measurement properties.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Davide Martino, Tammy Hedderly, Tara Murphy, Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl, Russell C. Dale, Donald L. Gilbert, Renata Rizzo, Andreas Hartmann, Peter Nagy, Mathieu Anheim, Tamsin Owen, Osman Malik, Morvwen Duncan, Isobel Heyman, Holan Liang, Andrew McWilliams, Shauna O'Dwyer, Carolin Fremer, Natalia Szejko, Velda X. Han, Kasia Kozlowska, Tamara M. Pringsheim
Summary: There has been a significant increase in adolescents and young adults seeking urgent help for functional tic-like behaviors (FTLBs) between 2019 and 2022. An international collaborative group collected retrospective data to better understand this spectrum and its clinical differences from primary tic disorders. The study findings suggest that social media exposure may be a relevant contributing factor to FTLBs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Michael Jager, Stefanie Dichtl, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Markus Reindl, Cornelia Lass-Florl, Doris Wilflingseder, Wilfried Posch
Summary: The study found that immunity to Omicron variants wanes over time in individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 vaccines. The strongest neutralization and T-cell response against Omicron BA.1 were detected in ChAdOx1 vaccinees 6 months after the second dose, but no long-lasting neutralization against BA.2 was observed.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Rehabilitation
Barbara Seebacher, Markus Reindl, Turhan Kahraman
Summary: This study investigated factors and strategies affecting and enhancing motor imagery (MI) ability in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Cognitive impairment, cognitive fatigue, and disability were found to negatively influence MI ability, while external visual and/or rhythmic-auditory cueing and the use of a theory-based MI framework were identified as strategies to enhance MI ability.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Magdalena Lerch, Kathrin Schanda, Eliott Lafon, Reinhard Wuerzner, Sara Mariotto, Alessandro Dinoto, Eva Maria Wendel, Christian Lechner, Harald Hegen, Kevin Rostasy, Thomas Berger, Doris Wilflingseder, Romana Hoeftberger, Markus Reindl
Summary: This study aimed to investigate complement-mediated cytotoxicity induced by IgG anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) in serum samples from patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and MOG-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD). Cell-based assays were used to measure complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and formation of the terminal complement complex (TCC) in response to the antibodies. Results showed that AQP4-IgG induced higher CDC and TCC levels compared to MOG-IgG.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Marianna Spatola, Omar Chuquisana, Wonyeong Jung, Joseph A. Lopez, Eva-Maria Wendel, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Christian W. Keller, Tim Hahn, Edgar Meinl, Markus Reindl, Russell C. Dale, Heinz Wiendl, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Kevin Rostasy, Fabienne Brilot, Galit Alter, Jan D. Luenemann
Summary: Using a systems-level approach, we investigated humoral immune responses in 123 patients with MOGAD. Our study revealed that age is a significant factor in determining MOG-antibody-related immune signatures. Moreover, we identified two dominant immunological endophenotypes of MOGAD, with the pro-inflammatory endophenotype associated with clinically active disease. Our findings suggest that FcyR-mediated effector functions control the pathogenicity of MOG-specific IgG and highlight the potential of FcyR-targeting therapies in treating MOGAD.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Engels, Simone Mader, Stefanie Foerderreuther, Markus Reindl, Joachim Havla, Edgar Meinl, Tania Kuempfel, Lisa Ann Gerdes
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Franziska S. Thaler, Edgar Meinl
Review
Clinical Neurology
Katarina Ostojic, Isra P. Karem, Simon P. Paget, Alison Berg, Betty-Jean Dee-Price, Raghu C. Lingam, Russell C. Dale, Valsamma Eapen, Sue Woolfenden
Summary: Social determinants of health (SDH) have both positive and negative impacts on health and social outcomes. Understanding how SDH affects children with cerebral palsy (CP) is crucial for improving health equity, optimizing health outcomes, and supporting their families. This review examines the impact of SDH on CP children globally. In high-income countries, socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with more severe comorbidities, spastic bilateral CP, and reduced community participation. In low- and middle-income countries, socioeconomic disadvantage is linked to malnutrition, poor housing conditions, lack of sanitation, and poverty.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sudarshini Ramanathan, Fabienne Brilot, Sarosh R. Irani, Russell C. Dale
Summary: This article reviews the key pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of autoimmune diseases in the central nervous system, including non-modifiable risk factors, interactions between environmental factors and epigenetics, disease mechanisms associated with the loss of immune tolerance, the role of neuroimmune interfaces, and novel therapeutic approaches based on the immunopathogenesis.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gabriel Diem, Michael Jaeger, Stefanie Dichtl, Angelika Bauer, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Markus Reindl, Doris Wilflingseder, Wilfried Posch
Summary: This study investigated the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccinated and/or convalescent individuals. The results showed that current COVID-19 vaccines induce strong humoral immunity, but the neutralizing effectiveness against novel variants is reduced. Therefore, it is suggested to adjust the vaccine strategy to include mucosal booster vaccinations to establish robust immunity against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Vinicius Oliveira Boldrini, Simone Mader, Tania Kuempfel, Edgar Meinl
Summary: Ublituximab is a newly FDA-approved treatment for relapsing forms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It works by depleting B cells while sparing long-lived plasma cells. Different anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies with varying dose regimens, routes of application, glycoengineering and mechanisms of action may lead to different clinical outcomes.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)