Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aenne Harberts, Constantin Schmidt, Joanna Schmid, Daniel Reimers, Friedrich Koch-Nolte, Hans-Willi Mittruecker, Friederike Raczkowski
Summary: IRF4 is essential for the activation and reactivation of CD8(+) memory T cells, but does not affect their overall survival. However, the formation and maintenance of CD8(+) tissue-resident memory T cells appears to depend on IRF4.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fabienne Mazerolles, Frederic Rieux-Laucat
Summary: The expression of co-signalling receptors on T cells plays a crucial role in regulating T cell responses, and an imbalance between activating and inhibitory signals may lead to autoimmunity. Research showed that activated TEFFs and TREGs express different co-signalling receptors, and the expression of PD-L1 on activated TEFFs is correlated with their proliferation.
Article
Biology
Marie Strickland, Salanne Lee, Shi Yong Neo, Akhila Balachander, Ivy Low, Seri Mustafah, Wah Ing Goh, Graham D. D. Wright, Anis Larbi, Sylvia L. F. Pender
Summary: The study focuses on investigating the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on immune responses to infection and vaccination in the elderly population. Specifically, it examines the metabolic responses and mitochondrial dynamics of CD4+ TEMRA cells and other CD4+ memory T cell subtypes. The results show that CD4+ TEMRA cells exhibit altered mitochondrial dynamics, increased glucose uptake, and higher mitochondrial mass, which may contribute to impaired responses to infection and vaccination.
Article
Immunology
Jatin Machhi, Pravin Yeapuri, Yaman Lu, Emma Foster, Rupesh Chikhale, Jonathan Herskovitz, Krista L. Namminga, Katherine E. Olson, Mai Mohamed Abdelmoaty, Ju Gao, Rolen M. Quadros, Tomomi Kiyota, Liang Jingjing, Bhavesh D. Kevadiya, Xinglong Wang, Yutong Liu, Larisa Y. Poluektova, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, R. Lee Mosley, Howard E. Gendelman
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by pathological deposition of misfolded self-protein amyloid beta, leading to neuroinflammation. Effector T cells induced by self-antigens accelerate disease progression, suggesting a potential therapeutic target in controlling AD pathology.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sarah L. Bevington, Remi Fiancette, Dominika W. Gajdasik, Peter Keane, Jake K. Soley, Claire M. Willis, Daniel J. L. Coleman, David R. Withers, Peter N. Cockerill
Summary: Research reveals that T cell immunological memory is established within 7 days post-infection, with epigenetic programs playing a crucial role in Th differentiation and memory T cell formation. Memory T cell-specific regulatory elements contribute to enhanced inducible responses during secondary antigen exposures.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura A. Shaw, Tianda Z. Deng, Kyla D. Omilusik, Kennidy K. Takehara, Quynh P. Nguyen, Ananda W. Goldrath
Summary: CD4(+) T cells are important in vaccine development, but the existence of multiple helper subsets complicates the identification of memory precursor cells. Recent research has found that the expression of Id3 can identify a subset of CD4(+) T cells with memory potential, which exhibit significant re-expansion in response to secondary infection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Michael L. Dixon, Jonathan D. Leavenworth, Jianmei W. Leavenworth
Summary: Regulatory T-cells, particularly effector Tregs (eTregs), play a crucial role in maintaining self-tolerance and tissue homeostasis, with potential implications in tumor development. Understanding the mechanisms that modulate the stability and suppressive function of tumoral Tregs, such as eTregs and T-FR cells, can lead to the development of more effective cancer immunotherapies that target the tumor microenvironment while minimizing systemic side effects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Belen Alvarez, Concepcion Revilla, Sara Moreno, Angeles Jimenez-Marin, Elena Ramos, Paloma Martinez de la Riva, Teresa Poderoso, Juan J. Garrido, Angel Ezquerra, Javier Dominguez
Summary: This report describes a new monoclonal antibody, 4H5CR4, against porcine CD9, which together with other antibodies can distinguish at least five CD4(+) T cell subsets. The analysis of CD45RA, CD27, CD29, CD95, CCR7, and SLA-DR markers on these subsets reveals a progressive model of CD4(+) T cell development.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jason Cheung, Beata Zahorowska, Michael Suranyi, Jeffrey K. W. Wong, Jason Diep, Stephen T. T. Spicer, Nirupama D. D. Verma, Suzanne J. Hodgkinson, Bruce M. M. Hall
Summary: The immune response to an allograft can activate lymphocytes that cause rejection. The activation of T regulatory cells can reduce allograft rejection and induce immune tolerance. Activated T regulatory cells can be distinguished by various markers. A more detailed characterization of these cells may help reduce non-specific immunosuppression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lomon So, Kazushige Obata-Ninomiya, Alex Hu, Virginia S. Muir, Ayako Takamori, Jing Song, Jane H. Buckner, Ram Savan, Steven F. Ziegler
Summary: We demonstrate that regulatory T cells enforce suppression of CD4 effector T cell activation through active mRNA translational control of the protein synthesis machinery. This study provides evidence that Tregs inhibit global protein synthesis in CD4 effector T cells by regulating mRNAs encoding the translation machinery. These findings highlight the importance of mRNA translational control in enforcing peripheral tolerance.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alexandra Berger, Sarah J. Colpitts, Morgan Zych, Christopher J. Paige
Summary: We explored the use of IL-21 cell-based anti-leukemia treatment in a mouse model of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Injection of IL-21-secreting 70Z/3 leukemia cells induced a strong anti-leukemia response and led to 100% survival rate. IL-21 secretion correlated with improved survival and the expansion of IL-21-secreting cells. The delivery of IL-21 showed the potential to induce a potent immune response and long-term immunity, making it an attractive candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julian L. Goggi, Shivashankar Khanapur, Siddesh Hartimath, Boominathan Ramasamy, Peter Cheng, Hui-Xian Chin, Jun-Rong Tang, You-Yi Hwang, Edward G. Robins
Summary: This study explored a novel PET imaging biomarker that can be used to evaluate lasting immune responses induced by specific combination therapies. The results showed that this radiopharmaceutical could reliably differentiate tumors with immune memory responses from non-responding tumors, and it could be used to measure the impact of combination therapy on T-effector memory cells responsible for durable immune memory responses.
Article
Immunology
Nicolas Sailliet, Hoa-Le Mai, Amandine Dupuy, Gaelle Tilly, Cynthia Fourgeux, Martin Braud, Magali Giral, Jean-Michel Robert, Nicolas Degauque, Richard Danger, Jeremie Poschmann, Sophie Brouard
Summary: In this study, single cell transcriptomics were used to characterize in vitro induced GZMB+ regulatory B cells (Bregs), showing differential gene expression involved in proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and antigen presentation. Compared to total B cells, Bregs exhibited strong inhibition of T cell genes associated with proliferation, activation, inflammation, and apoptosis. Lymphotoxin alpha (LTA) was identified as a new and potent Breg ligand implicated in Breg suppressive properties.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Elizabeth Robins, Ming Zheng, Qingshan Ni, Siqi Liu, Chen Liang, Baojun Zhang, Jian Guo, Yuan Zhuang, You-Wen He, Ping Zhu, Ying Wan, Qi-Jing Li
Summary: Recent research has revealed that CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in adaptive immunity can exhibit significant lineage plasticity, even undergoing fundamental lineage reprogramming. This shift in functional potential may suggest a new direction for HIV vaccine design.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abigail R. Gress, Christine E. Ronayne, Joshua M. Thiede, David K. Meyerholz, Samuel Okurut, Julia Stumpf, Tailor V. Mathes, Kenneth Ssebambulidde, David B. Meya, Fiona V. Cresswell, David R. Boulware, Tyler D. Bold
Summary: The OX40 protein is proposed as a marker for recently activated CD4 T cells at the infection site in tuberculosis, indicating its potential as a target for immunotherapy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)