Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengmeng Jin, Hui Zhang, Baijie Xu, Yanan Li, Huiwen Qin, Shuguang Yu, Jie He
Summary: This study reveals the interaction between neurons and glial cells mediated by Jag2b and Notch3/Notch1b in the developing zebrafish retina, which is crucial for the generation and differentiation of Muller glia (MG) and the irreversible differentiation of MG.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun-Zheng Le, Bei Xu, Ana J. Chucair-Elliott, Huiru Zhang, Meili Zhu
Summary: The study demonstrated that VEGF plays a positive regulatory role in promoting BDNF production in diabetes, while BDNF can support MC survival under diabetic conditions. Targeting the BDNF receptor TRK-B can affect the activity of survival and proliferation mediators such as AKT and ERK, and rescuing MC viability loss under diabetic conditions was achieved through rBDNF.
Article
Neurosciences
Hui Gao, A. Luodan, Xiaona Huang, Xi Chen, Haiwei Xu
Summary: Muller glia play a crucial role in retinal development, with lower vertebrates having the ability for retinal regeneration. In mammals, Muller glia have limited regenerative potential, but progress has been made in reprogramming them to restore vision.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xuan Cheng, Hui Gao, Zui Tao, Zhiyuan Yin, Zhe Cha, Xiaona Huang, Yikui Zhang, Yuxiao Zeng, Juncai He, Lingling Ge, A. Luodan, Haiwei Xu, Guang-Hua Peng
Summary: In zebrafish, microglia play a role in reprogramming Müller glia (MG) into retinal progenitors and repairing injured retina, while in mammals, microglia are over-activated during retinal injury, causing inflammation and gliosis of MG. Modulating the phenotype of microglia to enhance MG reprogramming is critical.
Review
Cell Biology
Yingying Chen, Qinghong Xia, Yue Zeng, Yun Zhang, Meixia Zhang
Summary: Muller glia play critical roles in regulating retinal inflammation through metabolic regulation and miRNA-mediated mechanisms. Novel therapies targeting Muller glia are being explored for the treatment of inflammatory retinal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Aya Motoyoshi, Fuminori Saitoh, Tomohiro Iida, Hiroki Fujieda
Summary: The proliferative and neurogenic potential of retinal Muller glia after injury varies widely across species. This study reveals that nestin plays a critical role in regulating the proliferative response of rat Muller glia after retinal injury, while this response is not observed in mice. The findings highlight the importance of cross species analysis to understand the molecular mechanisms of injury response in the mammalian retina.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Lay Khoon Too, Matthew P. Simunovic
Summary: Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the functions of glial cells, particularly Muller glia (MG), in retinal homeostasis and regeneration. While MG show regenerative capacity varying across species, their in vivo regenerative potential in mammals, including humans, is limited. Advances in stem cell therapy have shed light on critical mechanisms underlying MG reprogramming in fish, showing promising results when applied to rodents.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiwoon Lee, Bum-Kyu Lee, Jeffrey M. Gross
Summary: The zebrafish retina has strong regenerative potential, and Muller glia play a crucial role in this process. The transcriptional regulation by members of the Bromodomain (Brd) family is important for Muller glia-dependent retinal regeneration.
Review
Cell Biology
Tian-En Si, Zhixiao Li, Jingjing Zhang, Songxue Su, Yupeng Liu, Shiyue Chen, Guang-Hua Peng, Jing Cao, Weidong Zang
Summary: Retinal degenerative diseases, which cause neuronal death and vision loss, can be treated by reprogramming Muller glia into stem or progenitor cells to regenerate the retina. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, play a crucial role in the reprogramming process. Understanding these mechanisms is important for developing Muller glial reprogramming therapy for retinal degenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhen-Zhen Liu, Yong-Jun Yang, Cheng-Kai Zhou, Shi-Qing Yan, Ke Ma, Yu Gao, Wei Chen
Summary: STING plays a crucial role in suppressing necroptosis to combat pulmonary S. aureus infection, with STING deficiency resulting in impaired bacterial clearance and increased cell death.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nana Yaa Nsiah, Denise M. Inman
Summary: Muller glia (MG) cells in the retina have a unique metabolism that cannot be categorized into glycolytic or oxidative. When subjected to ocular hypertension, MG show a strong hypoxia response, which raises questions about their reliance on mitochondria for energy production. In this study, researchers found that knocking out a key component of the mitochondria in MG cells did not cause structural abnormalities, but did increase oxidative stress. Electroretinography assessment showed impaired responses in the retina of these knockout mice. Blocking mitochondrial respiration in MG cells also altered the glycolytic profile of the retina. However, blocking oxidative phosphorylation did not significantly worsen retinal ganglion cell loss or the photopic negative response after ocular hypertension. These findings suggest that MG cells are able to compensate for impaired mitochondrial function, but there are subtle changes in their function and retinal physiology.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Nazneen Jahan, Timothy Patton, Meredith O'Keeffe
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium that produces a wide range of factors to enhance its invasiveness and resistance to immune attack. The increasing antibiotic resistance of S. aureus poses a challenge to immune protection. Dendritic cells play a central role in inducing immune protection against S. aureus, but the interaction between S. aureus and dendritic cells is disrupted by antibiotic resistance.
Article
Neurosciences
Wei Wei, Piaopiao Hu, Mengqi Qin, Guiping Chen, Feifei Wang, Shengrui Yao, Ming Jin, Zhi Xie, Xu Zhang
Summary: SIRT4 is highly expressed in retinal Muller glial cells and is relevant to the expression of GS. SIRT4 does not appear to be essential in retinal development, but resveratrol, as an activator of SIRT4, can upregulate GS protein expression and protect the retina.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rosanna Leuzzi, Margherita Bodini, Isaac P. Thomsen, Elisabetta Soldaini, Erika Bartolini, Alessandro Muzzi, Bruna Clemente, Bruno Galletti, Andrea Guido Oreste Manetti, Cinzia Giovani, Stefano Censini, Sonia Budroni, Fabiana Spensieri, Erica Borgogni, Silvia Rossi Paccani, Immaculada Margarit, Fabio Bagnoli, Giuseppe Del Giudice, Clarence B. Creech
Summary: The study identified specific cytokine and functional antibody signatures in patients with different primary invasive diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus. These data provide insights into human responses to invasive staphylococcal infections and are important for guiding the identification of novel preventive and therapeutic interventions against S. aureus. Our findings showed distinct differences in inflammatory responses and antibody levels between patients with invasive S. aureus disease and healthy donors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sergi Angel Bonilla-Pons, Shoma Nakagawa, Elena Garreta Bahima, Alvaro Fernandez-Blanco, Martina Pesaresi, Justin Christopher D'Antin, Ruben Sebastian-Perez, Daniela Greco, Eduardo Dominguez-Sala, Raul Gomez-Riera, Rafael Ignacio Barraquer Compte, Mara Dierssen, Nuria Montserrat Pulido, Maria Pia Cosma
Summary: This study discovered that cell fusion can occur between human müller glia and adult stem cells in the human retina, resulting in partial regeneration of neurons. The results suggest that cell fusion-mediated therapy may be a potential regenerative approach for treating human retinal dystrophies.