Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahmoud Al-Khrasani, David A. Karadi, Anna R. Galambos, Beata Sperlagh, E. Sylvester Vizi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Phenylephrine (PE) on the release of noradrenaline (NA) and smooth muscle contractions. The results showed that PE significantly enhanced the release of NA independent of calcium ion concentration, and also had inhibitory effects on smooth muscle contractions induced by PE. This study highlights the indirect effects of PE and provides a possible mechanism for explaining its side effects.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ryosuke Tashiro, Kuniyasu Niizuma, Jun Kasamatsu, Yuko Okuyama, Sherif Rashad, Atsuo Kikuchi, Miki Fujimura, Shigeo Kure, Naoto Ishii, Teiji Tominaga
Summary: The study found that RNF213 plays a critical role in antigen uptake, processing, and presentation, with Rnf213-KO and Rnf213-KI mice experiments showing that RNF213 deficiency leads to decreased antigen uptake and processing capabilities, resulting in the inability to effectively activate antigen-specific T cells.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aitziber Mendiguren, Erik Aostri, Irati Rodilla, Iker Pujana, Ekaterina Noskova, Joseba Pineda
Summary: The pharmacological profile of cannabigerol (CBG), particularly its effect on alpha(2)-adrenoceptor and 5-HT1A receptor, is poorly understood. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rat brain slices were used to investigate the impact of CBG on firing rate of LC NA cells and DRN 5-HT cells, as well as its interaction with alpha(2)-adrenergic and 5-HT1A autoreceptors. CBG was also evaluated for its anxiolytic-like effects using behavior tests. The findings indicate that CBG inhibits the suppressive effects of alpha(2)-adrenoceptor and 5-HT1A receptor agonists on NA-LC and 5-HT-DRN neurons, and produces anxiolytic-like effects through the 5-HT1A receptor.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shinya Yokomizo, Wataru Katagiri, Yohei Maki, Tomoya Sano, Kazumasa Inoue, Masahiro Fukushi, Dmitriy N. Atochin, Toshihiro Kushibiki, Akihiko Kawana, Yoshifumi Kimizuka, Satoshi Kashiwagi
Summary: Research shows that near-infrared (NIR) laser can enhance immune responses as an adjuvant for vaccines, potentially replacing chemical and biological adjuvants in combating emerging infectious diseases. Unlike other adjuvants, NIR laser does not trigger allergic reactions, making it a promising tool for immunotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Mirela Kremenovic, Alfred A. Chan, Bing Feng, Lukas Baeriswyl, Steve Robatel, Thomas Gruber, Li Tang, Delphine J. Lee, Mirjam Schenk
Summary: In this study, a novel BCG lysate was developed and formulated into a thermosensitive hydrogel. The BCG lysate exhibited enhanced antitumor efficacy and promoted a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment in vivo. The underlying mechanisms of BCG lysate-mediated tumor immunity relied on macrophages (M phi) and dendritic cells (DCs). The BCG hydrogel treatment induced systemic immunity, suppressed lung metastases, and improved survival in melanoma-bearing mice. Furthermore, BCG hydrogel treatment enhanced antigen processing and presentation, and increased the frequency of melanoma-reactive CD8(+) T cells. In human melanoma patients, intralesional-BCG treatment was associated with enhanced M1 M phi, mature DCs, antigen processing and presentation, and increased patient survival.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yu Zhang, Qiang Li, Meng Ding, Weijun Xiu, Jingyang Shan, Lihui Yuwen, Dongliang Yang, Xuejiao Song, Guangwen Yang, Xiaodan Su, Yongbin Mou, Zhaogang Teng, Heng Dong
Summary: Ti3C2 MXene-based nanoplatforms (MXP) with high-efficiency near-infrared photothermal conversion and immunocompetent loading capacity are prepared to form endogenous/exogenous nanovaccines. This study provides a two-pronged strategy for improving immunogenicity and killing tumor cells to achieve a favorable outcome in tumor patients.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yonggang Ma, Di Ran, Hongyan Zhao, Ruilong Song, Hui Zou, Jianhong Gu, Yan Yuan, Jianchun Bian, Jiaqiao Zhu, Zongping Liu
Summary: Cadmium, a common environmental pollutant, induces osteoporosis in ducks by inhibiting P2X7/PI3K/AKT signaling and increasing the OPG/RANKL ratio. These findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism of Cadmium-induced osteoporosis.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Tim B. Fessenden, Lauren E. Stopfer, Fiona Chatterjee, Julian Zulueta, Josh Mesfin, Therese Cordero Dumit, Irene Reijers, Esmee P. Hoefsmit, Christian Blank, Forest White, Stefani Spranger
Summary: Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells must recognize tumor-derived antigens to achieve effective tumor elimination. Our study shows that dendritic cells induce cytotoxic CD8(+) T-cell responses by cross-presenting tumor-derived peptides, and the proportion of membrane-derived neoantigens is associated with reduced survival and treatment response.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jin-ming Guo, Hou-juan Xing, Jing-zeng Cai, Hong-fu Zhang, Shi-wen Xu
Summary: This study investigated the combined effects of H2S and LPS on oxidative stress and autophagy in chicken livers. The results showed that H2S can induce oxidative stress and autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/TOR pathway, while also exacerbating LPS-induced oxidative stress and autophagy.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Philipp Schineis, Zuzanna K. Kotkowska, Sarah Vogel-Kindgen, Mona C. Friess, Martine Theisen, David Schwyter, Lucy Hausammann, Saurav Subedi, Eleni M. Varypataki, Ying Waeckerle-Men, Isabel Kolm, Thomas M. Kuendig, Anders Hogset, Bruno Gander, Cornelia Halin, Pal Johansen
Summary: Antigen cross-presentation to cytotoxic CD8+ T cells is crucial for anti-tumor and anti-viral immune responses. Co-encapsulation of photosensitizers and antigens into microspheres with subsequent photochemical internalization has emerged as a promising strategy. In vivo, dendritic cells take up the microspheres in peripheral tissues and migrate to tissue-draining lymph nodes for CD8+ T cell priming.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiyu Zhang, Yang Luo, Qiuxia Zheng, Haixia Zhao, Xiaofeng Wei, Xun Li
Summary: This study found that itaconate acts as an anti-inflammatory factor in the liver, regulating and alleviating the inflammatory response in a mouse model of autoimmune hepatitis. Itaconate can reduce liver histopathological damage, hepatocyte apoptosis, aminotransferase elevation, and IL-6 production. It suppresses the maturation of DCs by inhibiting glycolysis and directly regulates the differentiation of Th17 and Tregs.
Article
Immunology
Nataschja I. Ho, Marcel G. Camps, Juan J. Garcia-Vallejo, Erik Bos, Abraham J. Koster, Martijn Verdoes, Yvette van Kooyk, Ferry Ossendorp
Summary: Dendritic cells have the unique ability to present exogenous antigens through MHC class I molecules, with the antigen being conserved in storage compartments for days. These compartments in DCs lack certain molecules involved in MHC class I processing, and the co-localization of active cathepsin X with protein antigen suggests a novel role for cathepsin X in antigen processing and cross-presentation. These compartments can preserve protein antigens from different uptake routes and contribute to long-lasting antigen cross-presentation.
Article
Immunology
Xuewei Ding, Wei Xiang, Ren Yi, Xiaoyan Huang, Qiuyu Lin, Xiaojie He
Summary: The study revealed that activated pDCs promote vascular damage and dysfunction of ECs/EPCs through IFN-alpha production. IFN-alpha-neutralizing antibody may be beneficial in preventing vascular injury. PI3K signaling and AMPK signaling are associated with SLE-related vascular functions.
Article
Oncology
Gi-Hoon Nam, Minsu Kwon, Hanul Jung, Eunbyeol Ko, Seong A. Kim, Yoonjeong Choi, Su Jeong Song, Seohyun Kim, Yeji Lee, Gi Beom Kim, Jihoon Han, Jiwan Woo, Yakdol Cho, Cherlhyun Jeong, Seung-Yoon Park, Thomas M. Roberts, Yong Beom Cho, In-San Kim
Summary: The study shows that statins can enhance the immunogenicity of KRAS-mutant tumors by inducing immunogenic cell death and enhancing the cross-priming ability of dendritic cells, thereby stimulating CD8+ T-cell immune responses against the tumors. Combination therapy using statins and other agents can significantly increase the immunogenicity of KRAS(mut) tumors and improve tumor-specific immunity, overcoming resistance to PD-1 blockade therapies and increasing survival rates in KRAS(mut) tumor models.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
G. Rizzuto, J. F. Brooks, S. T. Tuomivaara, T. I. McIntyre, S. Ma, D. Rideaux, J. Zikherman, S. J. Fisher, A. Erlebacher
Summary: The recognition and tolerance of the placenta by the maternal immune system is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. This study provides evidence that glycan-mediated B cell suppression plays a key role in establishing fetomaternal tolerance in mice. The release of trophoblast-derived sialoglycoproteins into the maternal circulation during pregnancy suggests potential implications for immune-mediated pregnancy complications and tumor immune evasion.