Article
Environmental Sciences
Guodong Cai, Sugan Xia, Fang Zhong, Shuangshuang Liu, Jianhong Gu, Yan Yuan, Guoqiang Zhu, Hui Zou, Zongping Liu, Jianchun Bian
Summary: The study demonstrated that both ZEA and DON worsened Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice and inhibited the activation of CD4(+) T cells and Th1 cell differentiation. DON had a more significant impact compared to ZEA, while the combination of ZEA and DON did not enhance toxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ryuta Uraki, Masaki Imai, Mutsumi Ito, Hiroaki Shime, Mizuyu Odanaka, Moe Okuda, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Sayuri Yamazaki
Summary: This study showed that transient Treg-cell depletion without adjuvants in mice induced protective antigen-specific immunity to SARS-CoV-2, including the production of antibodies and cellular immune responses. The manipulation of Treg cells could activate antigen-presenting DCs, offering an innovative approach to vaccine design for SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph S. Dolina, Joey Lee, Eugene L. Moore, Jennifer L. Hope, Donald T. Gracias, Takaji Matsutani, Ashu Chawla, Jason A. Greenbaum, Joel Linden, Stephen P. Schoenberger
Summary: During acute infection, CD4(+) regulatory T cells play a crucial role in regulating the immune response by suppressing cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes through different mechanisms. Early T cells inhibit primary CTL expansion through adenosine production, while late-phase T-regs suppress T cell proliferation through the transfer of cAMP. This study reveals the distinct roles of different T-reg lineages in fine-tuning CTL priming and contraction phases during acute infection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diego Calzada-Fraile, Salvador Iborra, Marta Ramirez-Huesca, Inmaculada Jorge, Enrico Dotta, Elena Hernandez-Garcia, Noa Martin-Cofreces, Estanislao Nistal-Villan, Esteban Veiga, Jesus Vazquez, Giulia Pasqual, Francisco Sanchez-Madrid
Summary: Antigen presentation induces upregulation of MHC-I protein molecules and increased lipid peroxidation on psDCs, mediating DC licensing. Adoptive transfer of psDC enhances pathogen-specific CD8(+) T cell responses and protects mice from infection. The study reveals crucial molecular events underlying psDC licensing.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chiara M. M. Cattaneo, Thomas Battaglia, Jos Urbanus, Ziva Moravec, Rhianne Voogd, Rosa de Groot, Koen J. J. Hartemink, John B. A. G. Haanen, Emile E. E. Voest, Ton N. N. Schumacher, Wouter Scheper
Summary: A genetic neoantigen screening system is developed to identify CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell-recognized neoantigens across patients' complete HLA genotypes.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Daniel S. Shin, Sneha Ratnapriya, Creel Ng Cashin, Lucy F. Kuhn, Rod A. Rahimi, Robert M. Anthony, James J. Moon
Summary: Self-antigen-specific T cells are regulated through tolerance mechanisms, but tissue injury can disrupt this regulation and trigger autoimmunity. Using mouse models of lung injury, we found that acute injury leads to the expansion of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) that specifically recognize self-antigen. Conventional CD4+ T cells with the same self-antigen specificity remained unresponsive even after Treg ablation. Therefore, the self-antigen-specific CD4+ T cell repertoire plays a regulatory role in limiting tissue damage and autoimmunity during acute injury.
Article
Immunology
Camille Khairallah, Julie A. Bettke, Oleksandr Gorbatsevych, Zhijuan Qiu, Yue Zhang, Kyungjin Cho, Kwang Soon Kim, Timothy H. Chu, Jessica N. Imperato, Shinya Hatano, Galina Romanov, Yasunobo Yoshikai, Lynn Puddington, Charles D. Surh, James B. Bliska, Adrianus W. M. van der Velden, Brian S. Sheridan
Summary: Memory Vγ4Vδ1 T cells generated after foodborne Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection were found to have broad reactivity and unexpected specificity. Both canonical and pathogen-selected non-canonical Vδ1 clones contributed to memory responses, indicating a promiscuous nature of memory gamma delta T cells. Some non-canonical gamma delta T cell clones selected by Lm infection showed cross-reactivity after Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STm) infection. These findings suggest that pathogen-elicited memory gamma delta T cells could be potential targets for broad-spectrum anti-infective vaccines.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Naoya Tatsumi, Yosuke Kumamoto
Summary: Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are a powerful type of antigen-presenting cells, consisting of different subsets with distinct developmental, phenotypic, and functional characteristics. After immunization, each subset of cDCs acquires antigens in the secondary lymphoid organs and presents them to CD4T cells in a spatiotemporal manner, resulting in multiple waves of antigen presentation. This review focuses on the kinetics of antigen presentation by each cDC subset and its impact on priming naive CD4T cells, as well as its implications in CD4T cell differentiation.
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sookjin Moon, Yunji Park, Sumin Hyeon, Young-Min Kim, Ji-Hae Kim, Hyekang Kim, Subin Park, Kun-Joo Lee, Bon-Kyoung Koo, Sang-Jun Ha, Seung-Woo Lee
Summary: This study reveals that intestinal epithelial cells express MHC II and PD-L1 in the distal small intestine, inducing the transformation of CD4(+) cells into CD4(+)CD8 alpha alpha(+) IELs. PD-1 signals support the acquisition of CD8 alpha alpha by down-regulating the CD4-lineage transcription factor, ThPOK, through the SHP pathway, providing niche adaptation signals for tissue-resident CD4(+)CD8 alpha alpha(+) IELs.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Carolina Rosa Rodrigues de Souza, Helene Bergis, Ng Patricia, Laurent Guillier, Benjamin Felix, Alexandre Leclercq, Nathalie Gnanou Besse
Summary: Listeria monocytogenes can grow and contaminate various food categories under stressful conditions. Advances in DNA sequencing-based identification methods have enabled more accurate characterization of the pathogen. Understanding the growth potentials of L. monocytogenes is crucial for risk assessment and detection across genetic diversity of different clonal complexes (CCs).
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rene Koppel, Jasmin Schade, Martin Peier
Summary: Listeria in food poses a serious risk to consumer health, and reliable methods are needed for detection. While various PCR systems have been developed for identifying Listeria strains, they may not detect all known strains. This study introduces a novel multiplex real-time PCR method that can simultaneously detect multiple common and known Listeria strains.
EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Le-Minh Dao, Marie-Luise Machule, Petra Bacher, Julius Hoffmann, Lam-Thanh Ly, Florian Wegner, Alexander Scheffold, Harald Pruess
Summary: NMDAR encephalitis patients have lower frequencies of NR1-reactive CD4(+) T helper cells and produce significantly less inflammatory cytokines, indicating disease-specific functional alterations compared to healthy controls, not influenced by therapeutic immunosuppression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Christina Seitz, Anne-Laure Joly, Fang Fang, Katie Frith, Paul Gray, John Andersson
Summary: The transcription factor FOXP3 is crucial for the development and function of CD4(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells. Alterations in the expression of FOXP3 isoforms are associated with inflammatory disease progression. This study investigates the effects of a specific FOXP3 mutation on Treg cell subsets. The findings suggest that the full-length FOXP3 isoform is important for maintaining Treg cell lineage stability but not essential for Treg cell activation.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Egor V. V. Kalinin, Yaroslava M. Chalenko, Parfait Kezimana, Yaroslav M. Stanishevskyi, Svetlana A. Ermolaeva
Summary: This article describes a dot-immunoassay for the rapid identification of the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, which utilizes a polyclonal antibody to the surface virulence-associated protein InlB. By culturing bacteria on brain-heart infusion agar supplemented with activated charcoal and using the dot-immunoassay, L. monocytogenes can be identified in concentrations as low as 10 cfu/mL. The tested strains showed exceptional specificity for the rapid identification of L. monocytogenes.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ryan D. Sheldon, Eric H. Ma, Lisa M. DeCamp, Kelsey S. Williams, Russell G. Jones
Summary: The protocol integrates traditional immunology infection models with whole-body metabolite infusion and mass-spectrometry-based metabolomic profiling to evaluate T-cell metabolism. Researchers can assess the metabolic substrate utilization of specific T-cell subpopulations in vivo using this method.
Article
Microbiology
Joseph P. Hoffmann, Jessica K. Friedman, Yihui Wang, James B. McLachlan, Mimi C. Sammarco, Lisa A. Morici, Chad J. Roy
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
J. Timothy Prior, Christopher Davitt, Jonathan Kurtz, Patrick Gellings, James B. McLachlan, Lisa A. Morici
Summary: OMVs have the potential to function as a stand-alone adjuvant, driving stronger immune responses compared to heat-inactivated and live-attenuated bacteria. They induce robust humoral and cellular immune responses, generating stronger antibody and B cell responses than traditional adjuvants, while remaining unaffected by pre-existing antibodies.
Article
Microbiology
Nina Salinger Prasanphanich, Emily J. Gregory, John J. Erickson, Hilary Miller-Handley, Jeremy M. Kinder, Sing Sing Way
Summary: Maternal sepsis from E. coli is a significant risk during pregnancy, leading to fetal wastage. Pregnant rodents are more susceptible to E. coli infection, but preconceptual infection can boost immunity and protect against reinfection through antibody transfer. The lack of E. coli immunity may help identify high-risk individuals during pregnancy and provide strategies for preventing infection.
Review
Immunology
Jaikin E. Harrell, Mark M. Hahn, Shaina J. D'Souza, Erin M. Vasicek, Jenna L. Sandala, John S. Gunn, James B. McLachlan
Summary: Salmonella enterica exhibits significant diversity among subspecies and serovars, with different host ranges and pathogenicities; while many species share the ability to form biofilms and cause acute, latent, or chronic diseases. Infection outcome is influenced by various factors such as growth state, environmental conditions, host response, and immune system.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sarah M. Baker, Erik W. Settles, Christopher Davitt, Patrick Gellings, Nicole Kikendall, Joseph Hoffmann, Yihui Wang, Jacob Bitoun, Kasi-Russell Lodrigue, Jason W. Sahl, Paul Keim, Chad Roy, James McLachlan, Lisa A. Morici
Summary: Burkholderia pseudomallei OMVs produced under macrophage-mimicking growth conditions (M9 OMVs) contain proteins associated with intracellular survival, provide significant protection against pulmonary infection in mice, possess adjuvanticity, and may serve as a promising vaccine against melioidosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Binh L. Phong, Shaina J. D'Souza, Robin L. Baudier, Eric Wu, Victoria E. Immethun, David L. Bauer, James B. McLachlan
Summary: Mast cells play a significant role in releasing immune mediators in allergies and asthma, but their role in regulating adaptive immunity is still unclear. Research found that the activation of CD4(+) T cells is synergistically enhanced when Fc ε RI activation is combined with TLR4 stimulation, supporting the role of mast cells as mediators of the antigen-specific adaptive immune response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jaikin E. Harrell, Jonathan R. Kurtz, David L. Bauer, J. Timothy Prior, Patrick S. Gellings, Lisa A. Morici, James B. McLachlan
Summary: This study aimed to develop a novel oral vaccine platform against Salmonella infection, which utilized Burkholderia pseudomallei outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as adjuvants. Results showed that adding OMVs to a heat-killed oral Salmonella vaccine (HKST + OMVs) protected against a lethal oral challenge with Salmonella, induced opsonizing anti-Salmonella antibodies, and triggered CD4 T cells and B cells.
Article
Immunology
Hilary Miller-Handley, John J. Erickson, Emily J. Gregory, Nina Salinger Prasanphanich, Tzu-Yu Shao, Sing Sing Way
Summary: Tacrolimus increases susceptibility to secondary infection with opportunistic intracellular pathogens, with the most critical window for infection susceptibility being exposure immediately prior to secondary challenge. These findings have implications for strategies to boost antimicrobial T-cell-mediated immunity in transplant recipients.
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Bonnie Douglas, Yun Wei, Xinshe Li, Annabel Ferguson, Li-Yin Hung, Christopher Pastore, Jonathan R. Kurtz, James B. McLachlan, Thomas J. Nolan, James Lok, De'Broski R. Herbert
Summary: The study established a transgenic nematode model expressing a tractable CD4+ T cell peptide epitope, showing that these CD4+ T cells exhibit Th2 and Treg phenotypes in the lungs of infected mice.
Article
Immunology
Bo Zhai, Karen Clarke, David L. Bauer, Krissy K. Moehling Geffel, Saran Kupul, Lucas J. Schratz, M. Patricia Nowalk, Anita K. McElroy, James B. McLachlan, Richard K. Zimmerman, John F. Alcorn
Summary: COVID-19 has had an unprecedented global impact on human health. Understanding the antibody memory responses to infection is crucial for controlling the pandemic. A study on convalescent patients with virologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection found that serum antibody concentrations were variable and positively correlated with microneutralization activity and age. However, there was no correlation with participant sex, timing of blood sampling, or the number of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells. Body mass index was also positively correlated with serum antibody levels. Age and body mass index were independently associated with antibody levels. These findings have implications for public health policy and vaccination programs.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashley L. Severance, Jeremy M. Kinder, Lijun Xin, Ashley R. Burg, Tzu-Yu Shao, Giang Pham, Tamara Tilburgs, Wendy A. Goodman, Sam Mesiano, Sing Sing Way
Summary: During pregnancy, progesterone stimulates the expansion of regulatory T cells to promote immune tolerance, ensuring fetal growth and preventing rejection from the mother's immune system. This study reveals the role of progesterone in promoting fetal tolerance and establishes a molecular link between immune and other physiological adaptations during pregnancy.
Review
Immunology
Tzu-Yu Shao, David B. Haslam, Richard J. Bennett, Sing Sing Way
Summary: Mucosal tissues are naturally colonized by various host-adapted microbes, including Candida albicans, which triggers immune responses in humans. The interaction between the fungus and host is complex, and previous studies have suggested that the masking of antigenic fungal ligands is a strategy used by the fungus to evade the host immune system during invasive infections. However, this study proposes that the dynamic expression of certain fungal components during intestinal colonization is essential for priming the immune response and promoting symbiosis with the host.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
David L. Bauer, Louay Bachnak, Vanessa M. Limbert, Rebecca M. Horowitz, Robin L. Baudier, Shaina J. D'Souza, Victoria E. Immethun, Jonathan R. Kurtz, Samuel B. Grant, James B. McLachlan
Summary: Adjuvants are important additions to vaccines that enhance immune responses. Combining adjuvants can increase the efficacy of vaccines. In this study, the combination of dmLT and MPL-A showed enhanced immune responses and activation of dendritic cells.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
John T. Prior, Vanessa M. Limbert, Rebecca M. Horowitz, Shaina J. D'Souza, Louay Bachnak, Matthew S. Godwin, David L. Bauer, Jaikin E. Harrell, Lisa A. Morici, Justin J. Taylor, James B. McLachlan
Summary: The study shows that certain adjuvants can promote the migration of vaccine-specific B cells to the gut, even when the vaccine is given via non-mucosal routes. The adjuvant double mutant heat-labile toxin (dmLT) induces a robust response of vaccine-specific B cells in mucosal tissues, such as the lungs, lamina propria of the large intestines, and Peyer's patches. Compared to the TLR9 ligand adjuvant CpG, only dmLT is able to drive the differentiation and residence of antigen-specific B cells in the mucosal tissues when the vaccine is administered non-mucosally. These findings could have a fundamental impact on the formulation and delivery of future vaccines.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Emily M. Eshleman, Tzu-Yu Shao, Vivienne Woo, Taylor Rice, Laura Engleman, Bailey J. Didriksen, Jordan Whitt, David B. Haslam, Sing Sing Way, Theresa Alenghat
Summary: Abnormal immune responses can cause inflammatory bowel disease and other chronic inflammatory conditions. This study found that mice lacking the expression of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in the intestinal epithelium had increased accumulation of commensal-specific CD4+ T cells, suggesting that HDAC3 may control local microbiota-specific immunity. Further experiments showed that HDAC3 was necessary for regulating epithelial MHC class II (MHCII) and dampening the accumulation of commensal-specific Th17 cells, protecting against microbiota-triggered inflammation. These findings highlight the important role of HDAC3 in regulating the balance of tissue-specific CD4+ T cell subsets and controlling inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)