Article
Oncology
Shamin Li, Summer Zhuang, Antja Heit, Si-Lin Koo, Aaron C. Tan, I-Ting Chow, William W. Kwok, Iain Beehuat Tan, Daniel S. W. Tan, Yannick Simoni, Evan W. Newell
Summary: The study reveals the phenotypic heterogeneity of CD4(+) T cells in lung and colorectal cancers, which can also recognize cancer-unrelated antigens.
Article
Immunology
Astrid Hendriks, Malgorzata Ewa Mnich, Bruna Clemente, Ana Rita Cruz, Simona Tavarini, Fabio Bagnoli, Elisabetta Soldaini
Summary: The skin, as an immunocompetent tissue, contains various immune cells and a diverse microbiome. CD4(+) T cells play a crucial role in protecting against Staphylococcus aureus infection, and skin-specific CD4(+) T cells have been identified in response to S. aureus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Marco Kunzli, David Masopust
Summary: This review provides updates on our understanding of the biology of memory CD4(+) T cells as well as key technological advances that facilitate their characterization.
Review
Immunology
Constance Renault, Nicolas Veyrenche, Franck Mennechet, Anne-Sophie Bedin, Jean-Pierre Routy, Philippe Van de Perre, Jacques Reynes, Edouard Tuaillon
Summary: Th17 cells play a crucial role in defending against pathogens at mucosal barriers, but they are also vulnerable to HIV-1 infection and depletion from gut mucosal sites. The imbalance caused by the loss of Th17 cells impairs cytokine production and leads to damage in the gut mucosal barrier, promoting HIV-1 disease progression. The expression of specific receptors by Th17 cells contributes to their susceptibility to HIV infection. Moreover, Th17 cells serve as long-lived viral reservoirs in HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Catherine T. Le, Logan V. Vick, Craig Collins, Cordelia Dunai, Michael K. Sheng, Lam T. Khuat, Isabel Barao, Sean J. Judge, Ethan G. Aguilar, Brendan Curti, Maneesh Dave, Dan L. Longo, Bruce R. Blazar, Robert J. Canter, Arta M. Monjazeb, William J. Murphy
Summary: Memory T cells can be activated through bystander activation with cytokine signaling, but this response is inhibited by the PD-1 pathway. PD-1 blockade reverses this inhibition, but leads to activation-induced cell death and eventual loss of T cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Li Huang, Xuedi Zhang, Junyu Fan, Xiaolei Liu, Shuhua Luo, Dianqing Cao, Youtan Liu, Zhengyuan Xia, Hanhui Zhong, Cuiping Chen, Liangqing Zhang, Zhifeng Liu, Jing Tang
Summary: This study found that EGFR can affect the activation and apoptosis of CD4+ T cells by promoting Glut1 transportation, leading to immune dysfunction in sepsis. The levels of EGFR and Glut1 expression and the activation levels of CD4+ T cells were significantly higher in sepsis patients compared to healthy individuals.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura A. Shaw, Tianda Z. Deng, Kyla D. Omilusik, Kennidy K. Takehara, Quynh P. Nguyen, Ananda W. Goldrath
Summary: CD4(+) T cells are important in vaccine development, but the existence of multiple helper subsets complicates the identification of memory precursor cells. Recent research has found that the expression of Id3 can identify a subset of CD4(+) T cells with memory potential, which exhibit significant re-expansion in response to secondary infection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liang Zhou, Sheng-Juan Chen, Yue Chang, Shan-Hui Liu, Yu-Fei Zhou, Xiao-Ping Huang, Yu-Xin Hua, Hao An, Shu-Hao Zhang, Ivan Melnikov, Zufar A. Gabbasov, Yi Wu, Shang-Rong Ji
Summary: This study reveals that C-reactive protein (CRP) can trigger bystander activation of T cells by inducing allosteric T cell receptor (TCR) signaling in the absence of cognate antigens. The conformational changes induced by pattern ligand-binding of CRP lead to the generation of monomeric CRP (mCRP), which binds cholesterol in CD4 + T cell plasma membranes. This alters the conformational equilibrium of TCR and leads to productive effector responses. This research identifies a novel mode of bystander T cell activation and highlights the role of CRP as a direct activator in adaptive immune responses.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Antonino Cassotta, Jeremie D. Goldstein, Greta Durini, David Jarrossay, Franca Baggi Menozzi, Mario Venditti, Alessandro Russo, Marco Falcone, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Maria Cristina Gagliardi, Daniela Latorre, Federica Sallusto
Summary: The study identified a reduction of Enterobacteriaceae-reactive memory Th cells in septic patients, with some of these T cell clones being broadly cross-reactive and recognizing outer membrane protein A antigen. The research revealed the existence of immunodominant T cell epitopes shared among different Enterobacteriaceae species that are targeted by cross-reactive T cells.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sarah L. Bevington, Remi Fiancette, Dominika W. Gajdasik, Peter Keane, Jake K. Soley, Claire M. Willis, Daniel J. L. Coleman, David R. Withers, Peter N. Cockerill
Summary: Research reveals that T cell immunological memory is established within 7 days post-infection, with epigenetic programs playing a crucial role in Th differentiation and memory T cell formation. Memory T cell-specific regulatory elements contribute to enhanced inducible responses during secondary antigen exposures.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Manuel Reithofer, Sandra Rosskopf, Judith Leitner, Claire Battin, Barbara Bohle, Peter Steinberger, Beatrice Jahn-Schmid
Summary: The translation highlights the different effects of costimulatory signals on human CD8 T-cell responses, with CD28 costimulation enhancing antigen-reactive CD8 T cells, 4-1BB costimulation inducing bystander proliferation, and CD27 signals enhancing antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Rebecca Cornelis, Ziv Shulman
Summary: Reexposure to a pathogen activates memory T cells, which can respond to noncognate immune challenges. In this article, it was found that tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells in the lung and nasal tissues can proliferate and produce IL-17A in response to secondary challenges with different pathogens. This bystander response relies on the presence of dendritic cells that provide inflammatory cytokines. The study suggests that noncognate activation of T-RM cells may serve as an innate-like immune response.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyu Luo, Hugo Mouquet, Olivier Schwartz, Warner C. Greene
Summary: The progressive loss of CD4+ T cells during HIV infection involves apoptotic death of activated and infected cells, as well as pyroptotic death of bystander cells. Cell-to-cell transmission of HIV leads to high-level transfer of virions to target cells. Broadly neutralizing antibodies can block viral spread and cell-to-cell transmission, with higher concentrations needed to prevent bystander cell death.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oscar J. Cordero, Carlos Rafael-Vidal, Ruben Varela-Calvino, Cristina Calvino-Sampedro, Beatriz Malvar-Fernandez, Samuel Garcia, Juan E. Vinuela, Jose M. Pego-Reigosa
Summary: Immune system CD4 T-cells with high cell-surface CD26 expression demonstrate anti-tumoral properties, especially when engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor. Different T helper cell subsets show variations in CD26 expression levels, which could impact research on CAR-T cells. The relationship between glycoprotein sCD26 and its enzymatic activity, as well as its correlation with specific T cell subsets, still requires further understanding.
Article
Immunology
Aparajita Saha, Jaclyn Escudero, Troy Layouni, Barbra Richardson, Sharon Hou, Nelly Mugo, Andrew Mujugira, Connie Celum, Jared M. Baeten, Jairam Lingappa, Grace C. John-Stewart, Sylvia M. LaCourse, Javeed A. Shah
Summary: This study found that immune activation changes during pregnancy and postpartum may contribute to increased risk for tuberculosis progression. Specifically, pregnant women with latent tuberculosis infection showed diminished M. tuberculosis-specific CD4(+) cytokine responses in the third trimester, while M. tuberculosis-specific CD8(+) cytokines and nonspecifically activated T-cells increased during late pregnancy.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)