Article
Immunology
Yunlong Zhao, Christine Caron, Ya-Yuan Chan, Calvin K. Lee, Xiaozhen Xu, Jibin Zhang, Takeya Masubuchi, Chuan Wu, Jack D. Bui, Enfu Hui
Summary: In this study, it was discovered that B7 ligands on CD8+ T cells interact with CD28 in a cis configuration at membrane invaginations of the immunological synapse, which is driven by phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and sorting-nexin-9 (SNX9) mediated membrane remodeling. Cis-B7:CD28 interactions activate CD28 signaling through protein kinase C theta (PKCq), promoting CD8+ T cell survival, migration, and cytokine production.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martina Damo, Noah I. Hornick, Aarthi Venkat, Ivana William, Kathryn Clulo, Srividhya Venkatesan, Jiaming He, Eric Fagerberg, Jennifer L. Loza, Darwin Kwok, Aya Tal, Jessica Buck, Can Cui, Jaiveer Singh, William E. Damsky, Jonathan S. Leventhal, Smita Krishnaswamy, Nikhil S. Joshi
Summary: The presence of self-reactive T cells in the peripheral T cell repertoire of healthy individuals is influenced by checkpoint receptors like PD-1. However, the high frequency of immune-related adverse events in cancer patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors challenges this model. This study developed a mouse model to demonstrate the role of PD-1 in maintaining tissue tolerance and preventing immunopathology.
Article
Cell Biology
Mallory Paynich Murray, Catherine M. Crosby, Paola Marcovecchio, Nadine Hartmann, Shilpi Chandra, Meng Zhao, Archana Khurana, Sonja P. Zahner, Bjorn E. Clausen, Fadie T. Coleman, Joseph P. Mizgerd, Zbigniew Mikulski, Mitchell Kronenberg
Summary: This study investigates the roles of innate-like T cells during pulmonary pneumococcal infection. The researchers found that these T cells rapidly increase in the lung tissue following infection and participate in the immune response. Specifically, interleukin-17-producing NKT17 and gamma delta T cells play a major role in the infection, with NKT17 cells being preferentially located in lung tissue prior to infection and interacting with CD103(+) dendritic cells. These studies demonstrate the importance of specific cellular interactions and functional subsets of innate-like T cells in protecting against lung infection.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jian Wang, Yu Wen, Shi-Hao Zhou, Hai-Wei Zhang, Xiao-Qian Peng, Ru-Yan Zhang, Xu-Guang Yin, Hong Qiu, Rui Gong, Guang-Fu Yang, Jun Guo
Summary: Conjugating the potent invariant natural killer T cell (iNKT) agonist alpha-Galactosylceramide (alpha GalCer) to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein resulted in a conjugate vaccine that induced stronger immune responses and cross-neutralization against various variants.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Ingo Meyer, Rudiger Rentsch, Bernhard Karpuschewski
Summary: Orbital drilling (OD) has been a focus of research in the past decade, offering improved precision and efficiency in drilling processes. Researchers have explored various methods for calculating geometric cutting conditions and developed simulation software to visualize and simulate OD operations, providing new insights and tools for the advancement of this technology.
CIRP JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Menglin Fang, Elena Gorozhanina, Larisa Mamedova
Summary: The paper investigates the motivational drivers and engagement of preschoolers to learn in a friendly environment on the basis of the conducted research. Using cutting-edge technology and an interactive environment, the study found that preschoolers had a stronger motivation to learn compared to a conventional setting.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marianne Dolz, Marko Hasiuk, John D. Gagnon, Mara Kornete, Romina Marone, Glenn Bantug, Robin Kageyama, Christoph Hess, K. Mark Ansel, Denis Seyres, Julien Roux, Lukas T. Jeker
Summary: CD28 provides the prototypical costimulatory signal for T cell activation. miR-17 similar to 92, induced by T cell receptor stimulation and enhanced by CD28 costimulation, acts as a central mediator for T cell activation by dampening negative regulators.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen-Lu Geng, Jun-Yi Chen, Tian -Yu Song, Jae Hyung Jung, Min Long, Min -Fang Song, Tong Ji, Byung Soh Min, Jin Gu Lee, Bo Peng, Yi-Sheng Pu, Hong-Jie Fan, Piliang Hao, Qi Zhou, Eui-Cheol Shin, Yong Cang
Summary: CD28 loss limits the clinical benefits of PD-1 immunotherapy in cancer patients. We found that using lenalidomide can reinstate the anti-tumor activity of CD28-deficient CD8+ T cells and enhance the efficacy of PD-1 immunotherapy.
CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Theresa E. Pankhurst, Kaitlin H. Buick, Joshua L. Lange, Andrew J. Marshall, Kaileen R. Button, Olga R. Palmer, Kathryn J. Farrand, Isabelle Montgomerie, Thomas W. Bird, Ngarangi C. Mason, Joanna Kuang, Benjamin J. Compton, Davide Comoletti, Mariolina Salio, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Miguel E. Quinones-Mateu, Gavin F. Painter, Ian F. Hermans, Lisa M. Connor
Summary: Protective immune responses against respiratory pathogens largely depend on mucosal immunity, but most licensed vaccines fail to induce sufficient mucosal immunity. A suitable mucosal adjuvant has been lacking for the development of safe and effective mucosal vaccines. This study explores the use of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells as adjuvants, showing that intranasal immunization with MAIT cell agonists and viral proteins can induce protective humoral immunity and IgA production.
Article
Oncology
Simon J. Dovedi, Matthew J. Elder, Chunning Yang, Suzanne Sitnikova, Lorraine Irving, Anna Hansen, James Hair, Des C. Jones, Sumati Hasani, Bo Wang, Seock-Ah Im, Ben Tran, Deepa S. Subramaniam, Shelby D. Gainer, Kapil Vashisht, Arthur Lewis, Xiaofang Jin, Stacy Kentner, Kathy Mulgrew, Yaya Wang, Michael G. Overstreet, James Dodgson, Yanli Wu, Asis Palazon, Michelle Morrow, Godfrey J. Rainey, Gareth J. Browne, Frances Neal, Thomas Murray, Aleksandra D. Toloczko, William Dall'Acqua, Ikbel Achour, Daniel J. Freeman, Robert W. Wilkinson, Yariv Mazor
Summary: MEDI5752 is a novel monovalent bispecific antibody that enhances the clinical benefits of PD-1 blockade while reducing immune-related adverse events, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes. It represents a significant advancement in the rational design of cancer immunotherapy and shows promising potential in targeting PD-1(+) T cells with enhanced activity compared to conventional mAb combination strategies.
Review
Immunology
Angela M. Gocher, Creg J. Workman, Dario A. A. Vignali
Summary: IFN gamma plays pleiotropic roles in the tumor microenvironment, acting as both a 'teammate' to promote antitumor immune responses and an 'opponent' promoting tumor growth and suppressing immune responses.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Owen Jensen, Shubhanshi Trivedi, Jeremy D. Meier, Keke C. Fairfax, J. Scott Hale, Daniel T. Leung
Summary: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that protect mucosal surfaces against bacterial pathogens. They not only release inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecules but also provide B cell help. This study identifies a population of CXCR5(+) T follicular helper-like MAIT cells (MAITfh) that can provide B cell help within mucosal lymphoid organs.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seohyun Kim, Sumin Cho, Ji Hyung Kim
Summary: The CD1 molecule presents glycolipid/lipid antigens and CD1-restricted T cells play important roles in both innate and adaptive immune responses. CD1s are expressed in professional and nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells in mucosal tissues, indicating their involvement in the immune responses of these tissues. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of CD1-mediated antigen presentation and its defects could lead to new therapeutic approaches for CD1-associated diseases.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiao-Jun Guo, Jia-Cheng Lu, Hai-Ying Zeng, Rong Zhou, Qi-Man Sun, Guo-Huan Yang, Yan-Zi Pei, Xian-Long Meng, Ying-Hao Shen, Peng-Fei Zhang, Jia-Bin Cai, Pei-Xin Huang, Ai-Wu Ke, Ying-Hong Shi, Jian Zhou, Jia Fan, Yi Chen, Liu-Xiao Yang, Guo-Ming Shi, Xiao-Yong Huang
Summary: The study found that in ICC tumors, CTLA-4(+) lymphocyte density was elevated compared to peritumoral hepatic tissues, and patients with high CTLA-4(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs(CTLA-4 High)) had lower overall survival rates and higher cumulative recurrence rates. High FOXP3(+) TILs (TILs(FOXP3 High)) were associated with poorer prognoses, and the density of CTLA-4(+) TILs was positively correlated with FOXP3(+) TILs. High PD-L1 expression in tumors (Tumor(PD-L1 High)) and/or TILs(CTLA-4 High) were also linked to worse outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christina Li-Ping Thio, Alan Chuan-Ying Lai, Jo-Chiao Wang, Po-Yu Chi, Ya-Lin Chang, Yu-Tse Ting, Shih-Yu Chen, Ya-Jen Chang
Summary: This study found that PM2.5 can induce airway hyperreactivity and neutrophilic inflammation, accompanied by increased Th1 and Th17 responses and epithelial cell apoptosis. γ8 T cells promote neutrophilic inflammation and AHR through IL-17A, while iNKT cells play a protective role by inhibiting γ8 T cell function through Tim-1 and PD-L1, preventing PM2.5-induced AHR and neutrophilia.