Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ji Zhang, Ziyuan Huang, Sishi Lin, Ya Hu, Yan Liang, Wenxian Qiu, Bo Chen, Chaosheng Chen
Summary: Patients with IgAN-lambda have higher levels of serum fibrinogen compared to patients with IgAN, and there are differences in immunofluorescence and pathological features. Furthermore, the prognosis of IgAN-lambda patients is worse, which is associated with light chain lambda restriction in the mesangial deposits, systemic inflammation, and crescent formation.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monika Gudowska-Sawczuk, Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska, Sara Paczek, Katarzyna Guziejko, Monika Chorazy, Barbara Mroczko
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the synthesis of kappa and lambda free light chains (FLCs) in the serum of patients with COVID-19. The findings showed elevated levels of FLCs in COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals, and a correlation between FLCs and specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and IL-6. Therefore, serum FLCs levels may serve as predictive markers for COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yeqing Zou, Anxing Ge, Brako Lydia, Chen Huang, Qianying Wang, Yanbo Yu
Summary: This study found that gut fungal dysbiosis occurred in the state of hypertension, and fungal dysbiosis can predict the dysregulation of serum light chains in hypertension patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Morales-Magana, Ivonne Maciel Arciniega-Martinez, Maria Elisa Drago-Serrano, Aldo Arturo Resendiz-Albor, Rosa Adriana Jarillo-Luna, Andrea Cruz-Baquero, Modesto Gomez-Lopez, Fabiola Guzman-Mejia, Judith Pacheco-Yepez
Summary: The role of cholecystokinin in the modulation of the IgA response in intestinal immunity was investigated. The results showed that cholecystokinin can regulate the percentage of IgA(+) plasma cells and some related interleukins, but further research is needed to determine its specific role.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kengo Sasaki, Tomoyuki Mori, Namiko Hoshi, Daisuke Sasaki, Jun Inoue, Reiko Shinkura, Akihiko Kondo
Summary: The study revealed the suppressive effect of W27 IgA on bacteria related to the genus Escherichia in the human colonic microbiota in an in vitro model, as well as the delay of growth of Escherichia coli isolated from human fecal samples at relatively low concentrations of W27 IgA.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xinkai Wang, Yifan Hu, Xiaoyan Zhu, Liyuan Cai, Muhammad Zahid Farooq, Xianghua Yan
Summary: This study found that gut microbiota, especially Bacteroides, plays a crucial role in modulating intestinal mucosal immunity in broilers. Bacteroides transplantation enhances mucosal immunity by regulating the function of immune cells and intestinal epithelial cells to promote IgA production.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Katerina Zachova, Jana Jemelkova, Petr Kosztyu, Yukako Ohyama, Kazuo Takahashi, Josef Zadrazil, Jiri Orsag, Karel Matousovic, Dana Galuszkova, Nadezda Petejova, Jiri Mestecky, Milan Raska
Summary: This study found an increased number of migratory Gd-IgA1-?(+) cells in the peripheral blood of IgAN patients, which have the potential to home to mucosal sites in the upper respiratory and digestive tracts where Gd-IgA1 could be produced during local infections.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Alicia Moreno-Sabater, Delphine Sterlin, Lejla Imamovic, Fabienne Bon, Anne-Cecile Normand, Cecile Gonnin, Marianne Gazzano, Merieme Bensalah, Karim Dorgham, Elyes Ben Salah, Aniss Acherar, Christophe Parizot, Virginie Rigourd, Herve Begue, Frederic Dalle, Claude Bachmeyer, Christophe Hennequin, Hans Yssel, Marion Malphettes, Claire Fieschi, Jehane Fadlallah, Guy Gorochov
Summary: This study found that IgA has a selective impact on gut fungal ecology to preserve mutualism between fungi and hosts. In patients with IgA deficiency, IgM protects gut fungal ecology by binding to commensal fungi.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeong-Yeon Ji, Ara Jo, Jina Won, Chan Hee Gil, Haeun Shin, Sujin Kim, Yung Jin Jeon, Hyun Jik Kim
Summary: The study suggests that targeting the principal entry factors on the human nasal mucosa is crucial for controlling the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. It also reveals that certain nasal commensal bacteria may restrict the entry of the virus by reducing the expression of cellular receptors and the principal host protease.
Article
Immunology
Xueli Hu, Ru Fan, Wenzhu Song, Jianbo Qing, Xiaoyan Yan, Yaheng Li, Qi Duan, Yafeng Li
Summary: By screening and analyzing the differential intestinal flora between the three disease groups of IgAN, Kawasaki disease, and IgA vasculitis and their healthy controls, common differential flora were found, which may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of these three diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongwei Wu, Donge Tang, Manhua Yun, Haiping Liu, Shaoxing Huang, Chen Yun, Berthold Hocher, Xinzhou Zhang, Fanna Liu, Lianghong Yin, Yong Dai
Summary: The metabolic characteristics of fatty acids and tryptophan in the intestinal system are disturbed in IgAN patients, leading to active immune-inflammatory reactions.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cait M. Costello, Graham G. Willsey, Angelene F. Richards, Jaeyoon Kim, Matteo S. Pizzuto, Stefano Jaconi, Fabio Benigni, Davide Corti, Nicholas J. Mantis, John C. March
Summary: Secretory IgA (SIgA) is the most abundant antibody type in intestinal secretions, playing a key role in protecting the epithelium from invasive pathogens like STm. Experiments in human Enteroids and HIOs have shown that Sal4 IgA can effectively reduce invasion by STm.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. Q. Geng, Chia-Wei Liu, Tien-Hsueh Tsai
Summary: The non-leptonic two-body weak decays of A^0_b -> pM with M = (pi-, K-) and (rho-, K*-) were studied in the light-front quark model using the generalized factorization ansatz. Branching ratios and CP-violating rate asymmetries were calculated by considering the Fermi statistic between quarks and determining spin-flavor structures in baryons. The predicted results could be observed by experiments at LHCb.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shiqi Shen, Wenqin Yang, Lijun Li, Yanbing Zhu, Yuanfan Yang, Hui Ni, Zedong Jiang, Mingjing Zheng
Summary: This study investigates the regulating effects of different seaweed polysaccharide and tea polyphenol blends on intestinal flora and inflammation. The results show that agarose enhances butyric acid production, while iota-carrageenan and tea polyphenol blends promote the abundance of beneficial bacteria and alleviate intestinal inflammation.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Dapeng Yang, Ligang Yuan, Xiaojie Ma, Yumei Qi, Shaoyu Cheng, Yong Zhang
Summary: This study found that the expression of lambda light chains (lambda-LCs) significantly increased in the epididymis of cryptorchid Bactrian camels, and there were also structural changes in the epididymis and testis. These findings provide clues for further research on immunological infertility in cryptorchid Bactrian camels.
REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sangmi Kim, Lena Boehme, Louise Nel, Alina Casian, Shirish Sangle, Estefania Nova-Lamperti, Vlad Seitan, Jo Spencer, Paul Lavender, David P. D'Cruz, Susan John
Summary: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a potentially fatal small vessel vasculitis characterized by antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, chronic inflammation, and granulomatous tissue damage. This study found that dysregulation of T cell regulation and aberrant expression of naive CD4 T cells are closely associated with disease pathogenesis in GPA.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michele Bortolomeazzi, Lucia Montorsi, Damjan Temelkovski, Mohamed Reda Keddar, Amelia Acha-Sagredo, Michael J. Pitcher, Gianluca Basso, Luigi Laghi, Manuel Rodriguez-Justo, Jo Spencer, Francesca D. Ciccarelli
Summary: SIMPLI is a flexible and technology-agnostic software for multiplexed imaging data analysis, allowing single-cell analysis and quantification of marker expression while preserving spatial information. Its customizability and parallel processing capabilities make it suitable for large datasets.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Serena Colafrancesco, Cristiana Barbati, Roberta Priori, Erisa Putro, Federico Giardina, Angelica Gattamelata, Benedetta Monosi, Tania Colasanti, Alessandra Ida Celia, Bruna Cerbelli, Carla Giordano, Susanna Scarpa, Massimo Fusconi, Giulio Cavalli, Onorina Berardicurti, Saviana Gandolfo, Saba Nayar, Francesca Barone, Roberto Giacomelli, Salvatore De Vita, Cristiano Alessandri, Fabrizio Conti
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in the activation of salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) in the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS). Autophagy activation is correlated with histologic severity and has been confirmed in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Therefore, autophagy may serve as a new therapeutic target for primary SS.
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Silvia C. Trevelin, Suzanne Pickering, Katrina Todd, Cynthia Bishop, Michael Pitcher, Jose Garrido Mesa, Lucia Montorsi, Filomena Spada, Nedyalko Petrov, Anna Green, Manu Shankar-Hari, Stuart J. D. Neil, Jo Spencer
Summary: This study reveals the impact of COVID-19 on the structure and cellularity of ileal Peyer's patches, showing a decrease in germinal centers, disruption of B cell/T cell zonation, decreased B and T cell interaction, and lower nuclear density in severe cases. It suggests compromised intestinal immune response in severe COVID-19, which may contribute to observed dysbiosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Marilin S. Koch, Mykola Zdioruk, Michal O. Nowicki, Alec M. Griffith, Estuardo Aguilar, Laura K. Aguilar, Brian W. Guzik, Francesca Barone, Paul P. Tak, Ghazaleh Tabatabai, James A. Lederer, E. Antonio Chiocca, Sean Lawler
Summary: This study found that concurrent high-dose dexamethasone treatment with CAN-2409 led to significantly reduced median survival in GBM patients and inhibited the activity of immune cells. This suggests that the use of dexamethasone should be balanced between symptom control and treatment outcome when using CAN-2409 for oncolytic viral immunotherapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Hannah Burton, Laura McLaughlin, Kin Yee Shiu, Olivia Shaw, Nizam Mamode, Jo Spencer, Anthony Dorling
Summary: B cells play crucial roles in cell-mediated alloimmune responses. Studying antigen-specific B cells may identify new targets for intervention. HLA-binding B cells are strongly associated with interferon-gamma production and may not be suppressible by endogenous Tregs.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Letter
Rheumatology
Florian Kollert, Valentina Pucino, Saba Nayar, Jason Turner, Saaeha Rauz, Andrea Richards, Jon Higham, Ana Poveda-Gallego, Rachel M. Brown, Timothy Bates, Simon J. Bowman, Francesca Barone, Benjamin A. Fisher
Article
Cell Biology
Jeffrey Seow, Carl Graham, Sadie R. Hallett, Thomas Lechmere, Thomas J. A. Maguire, Isabella Huettner, Daniel Cox, Hataf Khan, Suzanne Pickering, Rebekah Roberts, Anele Waters, Christopher C. Ward, Christine Mant, Michael J. Pitcher, Jo Spencer, Julie Fox, Michael H. Malim, Katie J. Doores
Summary: Although the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination has mainly been studied using polyclonal immune sera, this study focuses on the antibody response at the monoclonal level. The researchers isolated 44 anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies from an individual who received two doses of the AZD1222 vaccine. They found that Spike-reactive IgG+ B cells were still present 9 months post-vaccination, despite a relatively low serum neutralization titer. The vaccine-elicited monoclonal antibodies showed potent neutralizing activity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants, and their binding epitopes overlapped with neutralizing antibodies elicited by natural infection.
Article
Immunology
Jacqueline H. Y. Siu, Michael J. Pitcher, Thomas J. Tull, Rebekah L. Velounias, William Guesdon, Lucia Montorsi, Krishnaa T. Mahbubani, Richard Ellis, Pawan Dhami, Katrina Todd, Ulrich D. Kadolsky, Michelle Kleeman, David P. D'Cruz, Kourosh Saeb-Parsy, Mats Bemark, Gavin J. Pettigrew, Jo Spencer
Summary: This study provides a deep analysis of B cells in lymphoid tissues and blood of deceased organ donors, leading to the identification of two subsets of marginal zone B (MZB) cells with distinct features and roles in immune response and pathology, emphasizing the importance of considering MZB cell heterogeneity in studying human B cell responses.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Jo Spencer, Thomas J. Tull, Mats Bemark
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jo Spencer, Mats Bemark
Summary: This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of human intestinal B cells in maintaining gut homeostasis and their involvement in intestinal and systemic inflammatory diseases. The activation and maturation of B cells lead to the production of IgA-secreting plasma cells and their niches in the gut support systemic immune cell specialization. The gut environment is crucial for the development and maturation of splenic B cell subsets and plays a significant role in the abundance of germinal centre microenvironments.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edith Marcial-Juarez, Marisol Perez-Toledo, Saba Nayar, Elena Pipi, Areej Alshayea, Ruby Persaud, Sian E. Jossi, Rachel Lamerton, Francesca Barone, Ian R. Henderson, Adam F. Cunningham
Summary: During systemic Salmonella Typhimurium infection, the absence of germinal center formation and the presence of immature follicular dendritic cell precursors are observed. When the follicular dendritic cell networks are re-established, extensive germinal centers become detectable throughout the spleen.
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. Pitcher, Jo Spencer
Summary: Human transitional B cells and naive B cells exhibit diversity beyond their B cell receptor repertoire. Individual cells within these subsets display varying phenotypes and transcriptomes, which results in functional biases. We investigated small clones of transitional and naive B cells from different tissue sites and found that cells within the same clone have more similar gene expression than unrelated cells. This suggests that differences between clone members are heritable and that diversity in transitional and naive B cell populations can be sustained.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Sahil Jain, Mats Bemark, Jo Spencer
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ilya Korsunsky, Kevin Wei, Mathilde Pohin, Edy Y. Kim, Francesca Barone, Triin Major, Emily Taylor, Rahul Ravindran, Samuel Kemble, Gerald F. M. Watts, A. Helena Jonsson, Yunju Jeong, Humra Athar, Dylan Windell, Joyce B. Kang, Matthias Friedrich, Jason Turner, Saba Nayar, Benjamin A. Fisher, Karim Raza, Jennifer L. Marshall, Adam P. Croft, Tomoyoshi Tamura, Lynette M. Sholl, Marina Vivero, Ivan O. Rosas, Simon J. Bowman, Mark Coles, Andreas P. Frei, Kara Lassen, Andrew Filer, Fiona Powrie, Christopher D. Buckley, Michael B. Brenner, Soumya Raychaudhuri
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive investigation into fibroblasts across different diseases, identifying shared pathogenic activation states and two common types of pro-inflammatory fibroblasts.
