Article
Microbiology
Jerome Kervevan, Aurelie Bouteau, Juliane S. Lanza, Adele Hammoudi, Sandra Zurawski, Mathieu Surenaud, Lydie Dieudonne, Marion Bonnet, Cecile Lefebvre, Hakim Hocini, Romain Marlin, Aurelie Guguin, Barbara Hersant, Oana Hermeziu, Elisabeth Menu, Christine Lacabaratz, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, Gerard Zurawski, Veronique Godot, Sandrine Henri, Botond Z. Igyarto, Yves Levy, Sylvain Cardinaud
Summary: Targeting of skin Langerhans cells (LC) may efficiently induce potent anti-HIV immune responses, serving as a promising strategy for developing effective HIV-1 vaccines. This approach demonstrates the potential of directing immune responses through specific cell targeting and may lead to the induction of protective antibodies against HIV-1.
Article
Immunology
Eirini Moysi, Samuel Darko, Ester Gea-Mallorqui, Constantinos Petrovas, Jorge R. Almeida, David Wolinsky, Yanchun Peng, Assan Jaye, Guillaume Stewart-Jones, Daniel C. Douek, Richard A. Koup, Tao Dong, Sarah Rowland-Jones
Summary: The study reveals that the qualitative features of specific CD8+ T-cell clonotypes may be linked to effector mobilization and expansion in chronic HIV-2 infection, potentially impacting viral control and disease outcome.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mathieu Claireaux, Remy Robinot, Jerome Kervevan, Mandar Patgaonkar, Isabelle Staropoli, Anne Brelot, Alexandre Nouel, Stacy Gellenoncourt, Xian Tang, Melanie Hery, Stevenn Volant, Emeline Perthame, Veronique Avettand-Fenoel, Julian Buchrieser, Thomas Cokelaer, Christiane Bouchier, Laurence Ma, Faroudy Boufassa, Samia Hendou, Valentina Libri, Milena Hasan, David Zucman, Pierre de Truchis, Olivier Schwartz, Olivier Lambotte, Lisa A. Chakrabarti
Summary: Individuals who can naturally control HIV infection have lower levels of the viral co-receptor CCR5 in specific CD4 (+) T cells, which is due to mutations or receptor internalization. These individuals also maintain CD4 + T cells with high avidity for Gag antigens and potent effector functions. The downregulation of CCR5 in specific CD4 + T cells contributes to decreased susceptibility to CCR5-dependent HIV entry in these individuals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jonathan M. O. Rawson, Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Jennifer A. Yoo, Xayathed Somoulay, Matthew A. Brown, Franck S. Mbuntcha Bogni, Vinay K. Pathak, Ferri Soheilian, Ryan L. Slack, Stefan G. Sarafianos, Wei-Shau Hu
Summary: Novel retroviruses can emerge from recombination between distantly related retroviruses. These recombinants may initially have replication defects, but they can adapt and enhance their replication by acquiring substitutions.
Article
Virology
Ayna Alfadhli, CeAnn Romanaggi, Robin Lid Barklis, Ilaria Merutka, Timothy A. Bates, G. Tafesse, Eric Barklis
Summary: Specific nanobodies can be used for detecting HIV-1 CA with sensitivity and specificity. NTD-specific nanobodies can efficiently assemble into virions, while CTD-specific nanobodies reduce virus release and infectivity. These findings suggest the potential of Gag-targeted nanobodies for inhibiting HIV-1.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kami Pekayvaz, Alexander Leunig, Rainer Kaiser, Markus Joppich, Sophia Brambs, Aleksandar Janjic, Oliver Popp, Daniel Nixdorf, Valeria Fumagalli, Nora Schmidt, Vivien Polewka, Afra Anjum, Viktoria Knottenberg, Luke Eivers, Lucas E. Wange, Christoph Gold, Marieluise Kirchner, Maximilian Muenchhoff, Johannes C. Hellmuth, Clemens Scherer, Raquel Rubio-Acero, Tabea Eser, Flora Deak, Kerstin Puchinger, Niklas Kuhl, Andreas Linder, Kathrin Saar, Lukas Tomas, Christian Schulz, Andreas Wieser, Wolfgang Enard, Inge Kroidl, Christof Geldmacher, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Oliver T. Keppler, Mathias Munschauer, Matteo Iannacone, Ralf Zimmer, Philipp Mertins, Norbert Hubner, Michael Hoelscher, Steffen Massberg, Konstantin Stark, Leo Nicolai
Summary: This study reveals protective immune signatures in patients with non-pneumonic SARS-CoV-2 infection and associates them with upper airway viral containment. The study finds a systemic immune state, reduced cytotoxic potential of immune cells, and an immune-modulatory monocyte phenotype associated with protective immunity in COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christian Gaebler, Lilian Nogueira, Elina Stoffel, Thiago Y. Oliveira, Gaelle Breton, Katrina G. Millard, Martina Turroja, Allison Butler, Victor Ramos, Michael S. Seaman, Jacqueline D. Reeves, Christos J. Petroupoulos, Irina Shimeliovich, Anna Gazumyan, Caroline S. Jiang, Nikolaus Jilg, Johannes F. Scheid, Rajesh Gandhi, Bruce D. Walker, Michael C. Sneller, Anthony Fauci, Tae-Wook Chun, Marina Caskey, Michel C. Nussenzweig
Summary: Immunotherapy with anti-HIV-1 antibodies has the potential to suppress infection and increase the rate of clearance of infected cells. A clinical study showed that 76% of HIV-infected individuals who received a combination of antibodies maintained virologic suppression for at least 20 weeks without antiretroviral therapy. The administration of antibodies affected the HIV-1 reservoir, but further research is needed to define the precise effect of antibody immunotherapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Anne Monette, Meijuan Niu, Maya Nijhoff Asser, Robert J. Gorelick, Andrew J. Mouland
Summary: This study reveals that HIV-1 core proteins can condense with viral genomic RNA to form membraneless biomolecular condensates (BMCs), and investigates the characteristics and drug sensitivity of these BMCs in living cells. The findings demonstrate that HIV-1 core BMCs exhibit similar features to other biomolecular condensates and can be further formed into visible condensates through protease-mediated maturation, playing a crucial role in the viral ingress process.
Article
Immunology
Qiongyu Chen, Yan Zhao, Yonghong Zhang, Jianbo Zhang, Wenshu Lu, Chih-Hao Chang, Shisong Jiang
Summary: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global pandemic with no cure identified yet. HIV-induced death of lymphocytes involves both necrosis and apoptosis. A pro-apoptotic TNF peptide (P13) inhibits HIV-related cell death and viral transmission, while a pro-necrotic TNF peptide (P16) has little effect. Understanding cell death mechanisms may provide drug targets to reduce CD4(+) cell loss and viral reservoir formation in HIV infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feng Gu, Marie Boisjoli, Mojgan H. Naghavi
Summary: Amyloid precursor protein (APP) inhibits HIV-1 replication in macrophages and microglia by blocking HIV-1 Gag entry into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). This blockage is specifically caused by the amyloidogenic C-terminal fragment of APP, C99, and is not observed with the non-amyloidogenic product C83. Gag counters this blockage by promoting multi-site ubiquitination of C99, which regulates exocytic sorting of MVBs and further processing of C99 into toxic amyloids.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Mohammad Haque, Fengyang Lei, Xiaofang Xiong, Yijie Ren, Hao-Yun Peng, Liqing Wang, Anil Kumar, Jugal Kishore Das, Jianxun Song
Summary: Antigen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can efficiently suppress HIV replication and protect CD4+ T cells. Adoptive transfer of iPSC-CTLs significantly inhibited HIV replication in mice and promoted the generation of persistent anti-HIV memory T cells.
Article
Immunology
Alex Olvera, Samandhy Cedeno, Anuska Llano, Beatriz Mothe, Jorge Sanchez, Gemma Arsequell, Christian Brander
Summary: Post-translational protein modifications, particularly glycosylation, may impact T cell epitope recognition presented by HLA molecules, but this aspect has been overlooked in HIV research. Studies demonstrated that glycosylation can affect T cell recognition of viral peptides in individuals with chronic HIV infection, indicating the potential importance of glyco-epitope specific T cell immunity in understanding host immune responses against viral infections. New methodologies are needed to accurately assess the role of glycosylation in altering T cell immunity to viral infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Boris Anokhin, Paul Spearman
Summary: The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein follows a unique pathway to reach the site of particle assembly, involving secretion, endocytosis, and directed sorting. The host factors and pathways regulating Env trafficking are still being explored. Understanding these processes is crucial for developing strategies to prevent viral infection and replication.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Sherazaan D. Ismail, Catherine Riou, Sarah B. Joseph, Nancie M. Archin, David M. Margolis, Alan S. Perelson, Tyler Cassidy, Melissa-Rose Abrahams, Matthew Moeser, Olivia D. Council, Lyle R. McKinnon, Farzana Osman, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Ronald Swanstrom, Carolyn Williamson, Nigel J. Garrett, Wendy A. Burgers
Summary: Pretreatment CD8(+) T-cell activation, nadir CD4 count, and CD4:CD8 ratio were found to predict the size of the HIV-1 reservoir after 5 years of suppressive antiretroviral therapy initiated during chronic infection.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Alice Duchon, Steven Santos, Jianbo Chen, Matthew Brown, Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Sheldon Tai, Jeffrey A. Chao, Eric O. Freed, Vinay K. Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu
Summary: HIV-1 Gag selects and packages the HIV RNA genome during virus assembly, with multimerization and plasma membrane anchoring properties playing critical roles in efficient genome packaging. Studying these properties can provide insights into the mechanisms of viral RNA packaging and assembly of infectious virions.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kyle Staller, Mary Paz, Ramel Rones, Eric A. Macklin, Isabelle Garcia-Fischer, Helen Burton Murray, Braden Kuo
Summary: This study examined the feasibility and preliminary clinical outcomes of a Tai Chi program designed for IBS-C. Despite a high dropout rate, the treatment protocol showed moderate to excellent feasibility. There was a significant clinical improvement after the treatment, along with improvements in other measures.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eric A. Macklin, Christopher S. Coffey, Michael C. Brumm, John Peter Seibyl
Summary: This article presents three different clinical trial designs for interventions and treatments of prodromal Parkinson's disease. In the short term, clear definitions of conversion and validation of intermediate endpoints are needed; in the long term, the use of adaptive trial designs and research registries can accelerate therapy development.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
A. E. Lang, A. D. Siderowf, E. A. Macklin, W. Poewe, D. J. Brooks, H. H. Fernandez, O. Rascol, N. Giladi, F. Stocchi, C. M. Tanner, R. B. Postuma, D. K. Simon, E. Tolosa, B. Mollenhauer, J. M. Cedarbaum, K. Fraser, J. Xiao, K. C. Evans, D. L. Graham, I Sapir, J. Inra, R. M. Hutchison, M. Yang, T. Fox, S. Budd Haeberlein, T. Dam
Summary: In participants with early Parkinson's disease, the effects of cinpanemab on clinical measures of disease progression and changes in DaT-SPECT imaging did not differ from those of placebo over a 52-week period.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kevin G. Stephenson, Rachel M. Fenning, Eric A. Macklin, Frances Lu, Megan Norris, Robin Steinberg-Epstein, Eric M. Butter
Summary: Behavior problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can increase parenting stress. This study examines the role of parenting self-efficacy and family resources in mediating this relationship. The results suggest that parenting self-efficacy mediates the relationship between child behavior problems and parenting stress, and this effect is moderated by family-level resources.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Rachel M. Fenning, Eric M. Butter, Megan Norris, James Chan, Eric A. Macklin, Kelly McKinnon-Bermingham, Charles Albright, Kevin G. Stephenson, Jessica Scherr, Jacquelyn Moffitt, Amy Hess, Robin Steinberg-Epstein, Karen A. Kuhlthau
Summary: This study describes a culturally tailored parent training approach and examines its feasibility and acceptability in improving oral hygiene and oral health for children with ASD. The results show strong retention, fidelity, and adherence, with high treatment satisfaction and utilization. The discussion emphasizes the importance of individualizing treatment to enhance engagement of underrepresented families.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert H. Baloh, J. Patrick Johnson, Pablo Avalos, Peggy Allred, Soshana Svendsen, Genevieve Gowing, Kristina Roxas, Amanda Wu, Becky Donahue, Sheryl Osborne, George Lawless, Brandon Shelley, Koral Wheeler, Carolyn Prina, Dana Fine, Tami Kendra-Romito, Haniah Stokes, Vicki Manoukian, Abirami Muthukumaran, Leslie Garcia, Maria G. Banuelos, Marlesa Godoy, Catherine Bresee, Hong Yu, Doniel Drazin, Lindsey Ross, Robert Naruse, Harish Babu, Eric A. Macklin, Ashley Vo, Ashraf Elsayegh, Warren Tourtellotte, Marcel Maya, Matthew Burford, Frank Diaz, Chirag G. Patil, Richard A. Lewis, Clive N. Svendsen
Summary: This study demonstrates that human neural progenitor cells modified to release GDNF can be safely transplanted into the spinal cord of ALS patients, providing support cells and GDNF delivery for over 3 years. The transplantation of CNS10-NPC-GDNF has shown to protect spinal motor neurons and have no negative impact on motor function in the treated leg. Furthermore, the transplanted cells have been found to survive and produce GDNF in tissue analysis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jason R. Thonhoff, James D. Berry, Eric A. Macklin, David R. Beers, Patricia A. Mendoza, Weihua Zhao, Aaron D. Thome, Fabio Triolo, James J. Moon, Sabrina Paganoni, Merit Cudkowicz, Stanley H. Appel
Summary: This study confirms the reliability of Treg/IL-2 treatment in ALS patients and its potential inhibitory effect on disease progression. A notable finding is that some patients showed slower progression during the treatment.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Brian G. Skotko, Alexandra Garza Flores, Ibrahim Elsharkawi, Vasiliki Patsiogiannis, Mary Ellen McDonough, Damiano Verda, Marco Muselli, Roberto Hornero, David Gozal, Eric A. Macklin
Summary: Detecting obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with Down syndrome is crucial for preventing comorbidities and understanding its impact on mental health. However, laboratory-based polysomnograms are often not feasible for this population. A previous prediction model showed promise in identifying individuals who may not have significant apnea and can avoid a diagnostic polysomnogram. This study aimed to validate these findings in a new group of participants with Down syndrome, but a reliable screening tool for OSA was not achieved. Current healthcare guidelines recommend ongoing monitoring for OSA in individuals with Down syndrome.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Celia D. C. Christie, Aileen M. Lue, Roxanne H. Melbourne-Chambers
Summary: This review discusses the impact of dengue, chikungunya, and zika on children in the Caribbean. Dengue is becoming more severe in the region and has increased morbidity and mortality in children. Chikungunya had an explosive epidemic in the Caribbean, with children under 5 years old being the most affected. Zika has a seroprevalence of 15% in pregnancy and causes various complications in children.
CURRENT OPINION IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
David Walk, Katharine Nicholson, Eduardo Locatelli, James Chan, Eric A. Macklin, Valerie Ferment, Georgios Manousakis, Marianne Chase, Mariah Connolly, Derek Dagostino, Meghan Hall, Joseph Ostrow, Lindsay Pothier, Cassandra Lieberman, Dario Gelevski, Rebecca Randall, Alexander V. Sherman, Erin Steinhart, Daniela Grasso Walker, Jason Walker, Hong Yu, Anne-Marie Wills, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Anna L. Beukenhorst, Jukka-Pekka Onnela, James D. Berry, Merit E. Cudkowicz, Sabrina Paganoni
Summary: The SURE-ALS2 trial showed that raising serum urate levels with inosine could improve survival in ALS. Inosine was found to be safe for long-term use. Additionally, a smartphone application was found to be potentially useful for measuring functional outcomes in ALS patients.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Emily C. Woodworth, Ellie A. Briskin, Evan Plys, Eric Macklin, Raquel G. Tatar, Jennifer Huberty, Ana-Maria Vranceanu
Summary: This study aims to compare the feasibility and effects of two free mobile apps (HMP and WA) in improving stress and other related outcomes for caregivers. Recruitment has started and is expected to be completed by the end of 2023. The results of this study will provide information for future efficacy trials and may serve as a cost-effective solution to reduce stress in caregivers of persons with ADRD.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Grace F. Crotty, Yuan-Ting Chang, Eric A. Macklin, Romeo Maciuca, Junhua Wang, Manuel Montalban, Sonnet S. Davis, Jamal I. Alkabsh, Rachit Bakshi, Xiqun Chen, Alberto Ascherio, Giuseppe Astarita, Sarah Huntwork-Rodriguez, Michael A. Schwarzschild
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
James Berry, Eric A. Macklin, Lia Tamburello, Alexander V. Sherman, Hong Yu, Stephen Apple, Takuya Kudo, Kinjal Patel, Sally Nelson
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Marie-Abele Bind, Eric Macklin, Donald Rubin
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
David Walk, Alex Berger, Eric Macklin, Ervin Sinani, Matteo Locatelli, Natalia Tarasenko, Alex Sherman