Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Ekholm, T. Kahan
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a disease caused by chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, with up-regulated mediators of inflammation in affected individuals. Oxidative stress, imbalance between antioxidants and oxidants, leads to tissue damage. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a vital role in vascular disease pathobiology, with angiotensin II causing hypertension and reactive oxygen species production. Blocking this system could potentially reduce inflammatory and thrombotic complications.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tomasz Pizon, Marek Rajzer, Wiktoria Wojciechowska, Tomasz Drozdz, Dorota Drozdz, Marta Rojek, Krystian Gruszka, Danuta Czarnecka
Summary: The study aimed to assess the relations between plasma renin activity (PRA), serum aldosterone concentration (ALDO), and selected asymptomatic organ damage (AOD) indices in mild primary arterial hypertension (AH). High PRA patients had higher ALDO levels, and those with simultaneously high PRA and ARR values showed more severe arterial stiffness and renal impairment. Assessment of the influence of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on AOD should consider the relationship between renin and aldosterone.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Joo-Hee Kim, Jeong Yee, Byung-Chul Chang, Hye-Sun Gwak
Summary: This study revealed that carriers of the H2 haplotype of the ACE gene, the G allele of AGT rs5050, and the A allele of AGTR1 rs2640543 are at increased risk of bleeding complications during warfarin treatment. Machine learning methods can be utilized for bleeding prediction, with patients in the highest quartile group of weighted risk score showing a significantly elevated risk of bleeding.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alex Cleber Improta-Caria, Marcela Gordilho Aras, Luca Nascimento, Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa, Roque Aras-Junior, Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
Summary: MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene and protein expression, playing important roles in various cellular processes. In diseases such as hypertension, microRNAs are involved in regulating physiological processes, but the specific mechanisms need further study.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huai Heng Loh, Norlela Sukor
Summary: This review aims to collate and summarize current research on the association between primary aldosteronism and obstructive sleep apnea, including their relationship, clinical characteristics, implications, treatment outcomes, potential causal links, and mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susanne Rysz, Jonathan Al-Saadi, Anna Sjostrom, Maria Farm, Francesca Campoccia Jalde, Michael Platten, Helen Eriksson, Margareta Klein, Roberto Vargas-Paris, Sven Nyren, Goran Abdula, Russell Ouellette, Tobias Granberg, Malin Jonsson Fagerlund, Johan Lundberg
Summary: Studies suggest that RAAS imbalance worsens the prognosis in COVID-19 patients, and experiments in pigs show that over-activation of ACE2 and RAAS can lead to a disease state similar to COVID-19 in humans. Imbalanced RAAS state in animals can be ameliorated by angiotensin receptor blockers and low-molecular-weight heparin.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia Poznyak, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Gauri Prasad, Andrey Grechko, Margarita A. Sazonova, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: Atherosclerosis has a complex pathogenesis involving inflammation, lipid metabolism alterations, and endothelial injury. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a crucial role in the inflammatory response regulation, making it a promising target for atherosclerosis treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Bao Zhong, Eun-Gyung Mun, Jin-Xi Wang, Youn-Soo Cha
Summary: The study found that Chinese traditional fermented soy sauce can prevent hypertension by reducing body weight, improving blood lipids, lowering blood pressure, and preventing hypertension-related kidney injury. Additionally, it showed beneficial effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and adipogenesis, indicating its potential as a preventive measure for hypertension.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Chenpeng Zhu, Weikuan Gu, Dianjun Sun, Wei Wei
Summary: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure. Excess fluoride can increase blood pressure by dysregulating the RAS. The study found that fluoride reduces levels of renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), and angiotensin (1-7) [Ang (1-7)], and disrupts the balance of aldosterone and potassium levels. Excess fluoride also damages the kidneys, myocardium, and aorta, and affects the activation of different components of the RAS, leading to hypertension with low renin levels.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adrian Martyniak, Przemyslaw J. Tomasik
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and hypertension is a serious medical issue in both adults and children. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Recent studies reveal that the RAAS system acts not only through endocrine pathways but also through paracrine, autocrine, and intracrine pathways. The alternative pathways of RAAS, which include components like Ang 1-7 and Mas receptors, have been found to have antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects. Proteolytic enzymes such as angiotensin convertase enzyme type 1 and 2 are also important in the functioning of the RAAS system and serve as therapeutic targets for hypertension. Furthermore, tissue-specific enzymes contribute to the local renin-angiotensin system. The ACE2/ang 1-7/MasR axis shows promising potential for new treatments in hypertension.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Lebo F. Gafane-Matemane, Ruan Kruger, Wayne Smith, Catharina M. C. Mels, Johannes M. Van Rooyen, Gontse G. Mokwatsi, Aletta S. Uys, Sanette J. Brits, Aletta E. Schutte
Summary: This study showed differences in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, electrolytes, blood pressure, and total peripheral resistance between healthy young Black and White adults. RAAS concentrations were found to be half in Black adults compared to White adults, but the increase in blood pressure over time was faster in Black individuals. RAAS was similar in Black and White adults only in scenarios of low Na+/K+ values, indicating a potential essential role of potassium.
Article
Physiology
Lale A. A. Ertuglu, Ashley Pitzer Mutchler, Fernando Elijovich, Cheryl L. L. Laffer, Quanhu Sheng, Celestine N. N. Wanjalla, Annet Kirabo
Summary: This study investigated the effects of high salt diet on the expression of RAAS genes in myeloid immune cells and its impact on salt-sensitive hypertension in humans. The results showed that high sodium exposure downregulated the expression of renin in immune cells, but there were no significant changes in the genes of the renin-angiotensin system in response to dietary salt loading and depletion. These findings suggest that acute changes in dietary salt intake do not regulate RAAS expression in myeloid immune cells, unlike the systemic RAAS.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Dettlaff-Pokora, Julian Swierczynski
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 impairs the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by binding the ACE2 enzyme, leading to an increase in angiotensin 2 and a decrease in angiotensin (1-7), potentially worsening damage to the lungs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Weiwei Zeng, Tanya T. W. Chu, Chung Shun Ho, Clara W. S. Lo, Alan S. L. Chan, Alice P. S. Kong, Brian Tomlinson, Sze Wa Chan
Summary: This study found no significant association between baseline PRA, PAC and Ang II concentrations and blood pressure response to bisoprolol treatment. However, all these parameters were reduced after 6 weeks of treatment with bisoprolol. The common polymorphisms in ADRB1 and the c.393C > T polymorphism in GNAS were also not significantly associated with blood pressure and heart rate response to bisoprolol.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fei Qin, Jianling Li, Yong-Fa Dai, Xiao-ge Zhong, Ya-jin Pan
Summary: The study demonstrated that renal denervation reduces levels of RAAS components such as aldosterone and Ang II, leading to lower blood pressure and improved renal function.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Feng-Hua Wang, Jing Liu, Qiu-Ju Deng, Yue Qi, Miao Wang, Ying Wang, Xing-Guang Zhang, Dong Zhao
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yue Qi, Jing Liu, Wei Wang, Miao Wang, Fan Zhao, Jiayi Sun, Jun Liu, Qiuju Deng, Dong Zhao
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Miao Wang, Jing Liu, Brandon K. Bellows, Yue Qi, Jiayi Sun, Jun Liu, Andrew E. Moran, Dong Zhao
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yan Li, Dong Zhao, Miao Wang, Jia-yi Sun, Jun Liu, Yue Qi, Yong-chen Hao, Qiu-ju Deng, Jue Liu, Jing Liu, Min Liu
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between menopause and the risk of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, finding that menopausal women have a higher risk of developing carotid plaque.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yan Li, Dong Zhao, Miao Wang, Jia-yi Sun, Jun Liu, Yue Qi, Yong-chen Hao, Qiu-ju Deng, Jue Liu, Jing Liu, Min Liu
Summary: The study suggests that early menopause might be a predictor of death and ischemic stroke. Additionally, there is a combined effect of early menopause and elevated risk factors on death and cardiovascular disease.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuai Liu, Dong Zhao, Miao Wang, Yue Qi, Jia-Yi Sun, Jun Liu, Yan Li, Jing Liu
Summary: The study found that long-term exposure to moderate elevation of blood pressure is independently associated with increased future cardiovascular risk.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shuai Liu, Dong Zhao, Miao Wang, Yue Qi, Jiayi Sun, Jun Liu, Yan Li, Jing Liu
Summary: The study found that hyperkalemia is associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD death, especially in patients with multiple risk factors. Early identification and management of hyperkalemia in the general population are warranted.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Lu Peng, Xinwei Li, Yu Li, Wen Zhao, Shaoping Nie, Huahui Yu, Yue Qi, Yanwen Qin, Huina Zhang
Summary: The study found that the concentrations of serum EV-derived MPO and serum MPO were significantly higher in T2DM patients compared with non-T2DM subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that both serum EV-derived MPO and serum MPO were independently associated with the presence of T2DM even after adjusting for confounding factors.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yi Yan, Hui-Wen Sun, Yue Qi
Summary: Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is recommended as the gold standard for patients with unilateral subtypes of primary aldosteronism. Compared with computed tomography (CT), AVS shows better prognosis by increasing the possibility of complete biochemical success.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jiangtao Li, Dong Zhao, Jing Liu, Miao Wang, Jiayi Sun, Jun Liu, Yan Li, Qiuju Deng, Yue Qi
Summary: The study found that higher serum apoC-III levels were independently associated with an increased 5-year risk of new-onset T2DM in the Chinese population, with triglycerides playing a crucial role in mediating this relationship.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yan Li, Dong Zhao, Miao Wang, Jia-yi Sun, Jun Liu, Yue Qi, Yong-chen Hao, Qiu-ju Deng, Jue Liu, Jing Liu, Min Liu
Summary: The study found that overweight women with central obesity have a higher risk of early menopause compared to women with normal weight and waist circumference. When overweight women combine with central obesity, the risk of early menopause will increase in some of them.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zhaoqing Sun, Yongchen Hao, Jun Liu, Na Yang, Yue Qi, Danqing Hu, Yiqian Yang, Haimei Wang, Dong Zhao, Caihua Sang, Jing Liu, CCC-AF Investigators
Summary: The prevalence of hypertension is high in Chinese patients hospitalized with atrial fibrillation (AF), but the treatment and control rates are low. Factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension include being young, having rural insurance, alcohol drinking, history of heart failure, valvular AF, first diagnosed AF, and permanent AF.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jiali Fan, Wanji Zheng, Wei Liu, Juan Xu, Lan Zhou, Shihe Liu, JingJing Bai, Yue Qi, Weidong Huang, Kejun Liu, Jun Cai
Summary: This study compared the health benefits and costs of intensive blood pressure treatment with standard treatment in older hypertensive patients. The simulation results showed that intensive treatment prevented cardiovascular events and was cost-effective in most scenarios.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tianxiao Liu, Dong Zhao, Yue Qi
Summary: Dyslipidemia, especially non-optimal cholesterol levels, is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), causing a significant number of deaths worldwide. Maintaining a healthy blood cholesterol level through lifestyle changes or cholesterol-lowering therapy is crucial in preventing ASCVD. The epidemiology and management of dyslipidemia have undergone significant changes globally in the past few decades.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tianxiao Liu, Jing Liu, Yongchen Hao, Jun Liu, Na Yang, Yong Huo, Sidney C. Smith, Junbo Ge, Gregg C. Fonarow, Louise Morgan, Chang-Sheng Ma, Han Yaling, Dong Zhao, Yue Qi