Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Aboudou Seck
Summary: The main contribution of the paper is incorporating pipe-wall viscoelastic and unsteady friction in the water-hammer solutions of non-conservative hyperbolic systems. The study uses a new numerical algorithm to better match measured and solved values.
JOURNAL OF HYDROINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Azad Hussain, Muhammad Arsaln, Aysha Rehman, Fahad M. Alharbi, Nevzat Akkurt, Sayed M. Eldin, Saad Althobaiti
Summary: This study examines the unsteady compressible steam laminar flow in a squared cylinder using the CFD approach. The effects of time on velocity and pressure distributions are discussed, along with drag and lift coefficients and heat distributions. The study highlights the potential damage to materials caused by steam emission from furnaces, emphasizing the need for control of emission time and velocity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Omar M. Abdeldayem, David Ferras, Sam van der Zwan, Maria Kennedy
Summary: Transient events are common in water distribution systems, yet most applications based on transient analyses are theoretical. This study evaluated different unsteady friction models to determine the best fit for engineering practice. Vitkovsky's unsteady friction model was found to be the most suitable and showed significant improvement in water hammer simulations.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yunqing Gu, Junjun Zhang, Songwei Yu, Chengqi Mou, Zhou Li, Chendong He, Denghao Wu, Jiegang Mou, Yun Ren
Summary: In this study, the grid irrelevance and discrete error in hydrofoil unsteady cavitation simulations were investigated using the GCI evaluation method to determine the optimal number of grids. Various turbulent viscosity correction approaches were employed to improve the turbulence model, and numerical simulations successfully captured the details of the hydrofoil cavity shape and shedding process, revealing the mechanism of hydrofoil cavitation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Nadeem Abbas, S. Nadeem, M. N. Khan
Summary: This investigation focuses on the numerical analysis of time-dependent magnetized micropolar fluid flow over a curved surface, taking into account thermal jumped and velocity slip effects. The developed mathematical model is simplified into dimensionless form and solved through numerical techniques. The results indicate an increase in the fraction between surface and fluid with increasing magnetic field, leading to reduced heat transfer rate, while increasing the values of Biot number improves heat transfer efficiency.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Pengfei Zheng, Baolin Hou, Mingsong Zou
Summary: A new unsteady numerical model is proposed to investigate the flow field generated by magnetorheological fluid in a high-speed unsteady laminar boundary layer flow. The model considers a narrow-long gap with magnetic-field-activated and inactivated regions, where the fluid behaves as a bi-viscous and Newtonian fluid. The results show that the fluid acceleration profiles along the gap's height are non-uniform, and the volume flow rate and excitation current have a significant impact on the dynamic distribution of fluid velocity profiles. The presence of a moving boundary makes the flow field asymmetric about the central plane. Additionally, the thickness of the pre-yield region in the activated region increases as the transition stress increases, and there is a transition flow phenomenon in the activated region as the volume flow rate increases. The unsteady numerical model exhibits good stability and convergence.
Article
Mechanics
Antoine Mathieu, Zhen Cheng, Julien Chauchat, Cyrille Bonamy, Tian-Jian Hsu
Summary: This paper presents two-phase flow simulations of oscillatory sheet flow experiments involving medium and fine sand using a turbulence-resolving two-fluid model. The results show that the turbulence-resolving model can reproduce the observed differences in behavior between medium and fine sand, while turbulence-averaged models require tuning of empirical coefficients for turbulence-particle interactions. The analysis confirms that the unsteady effects in fine sand are not only due to the settling velocity of particles, but also influenced by flow instabilities, solid-phase Reynolds stress, and turbulence attenuation caused by the presence of particles.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Diliana Friedewald
Summary: This research focuses on using systematic unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations to study gust load analyses of transport aircraft in cruise flight conditions. The study found that amplitude effects decrease with lower Mach numbers or higher excitation frequencies. Nonlinear simulations predict lower maximum lift values and lower lift and moment derivatives compared to their linear counterparts for lower frequencies combined with large-amplitude excitations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qiang Sun, Zhilin Zhang, Yuebin Wu, Ying Xu, Huan Liang
Summary: Water temperature has an impact on the peak pressure damping of transient flows in viscoelastic pipes. This study examines the influence of both viscoelastic and frictional factors on peak pressure damping at different water temperatures. The results show that the viscoelastic properties of pipes play a more significant role in calculating peak pressure damping as the water temperature increases. The one-dimensional quasi-steady friction model can accurately simulate peak pressure damping within a specified water temperature range.
Article
Mechanics
Yang Guo, Ji-an Li, Bo Zhu, Yinghui Li
Summary: In this study, a mathematical model is established to investigate the nonlinear dynamics of a Mooney-Rivlin type hyperelastic pipe conveying unsteady fluid flow. Different numerical methods are used to analyze the nonlinear responses of the pipe, revealing distinct dynamical phenomena due to the combined effect of nonlinear geometric and constitutive relations. The hyperelasticity and fluid-structure interactions play significant, unequal, and competitive roles in affecting the dynamic responses of the pipe.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Mariangela De Maio, Beatrice Latini, Francesco Nasuti, Sergio Pirozzoli
Summary: In this research, direct numerical simulation (DNS) is used to study turbulent flow in rough pipes. Two types of irregular roughness, grit-blasted and graphite surfaces, are investigated. A wide range of Reynolds numbers is tested, and outer-layer similarity is achieved at high Reynolds numbers despite the large relative roughness. A roughness function and an equivalent sand-grain roughness are defined. The results are compared with those obtained in plane channels, and the computed friction factors behave similarly to Nikuradse's chart. However, there are differences in terms of the friction factor in the laminar region and the critical Reynolds number, which are partly absorbed by using the hydraulic radius as a reference length. The distributions of velocity fluctuations intensities show turbulence isotropization in the near-wall region due to roughness, with influence from the roughness geometry. The calculated equivalent sand-grain roughness height suggests that existing correlations have poor predictive power for surfaces with large relative roughness.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ling Zhou, Yunjie Li, Yan Zhao, Chuanqi Ou, Yue Zhao
Summary: A new second-order finite volume method (FVM) Godunov-type scheme (GTS) is introduced to simulate hydraulic transients, along with the development of an explicit solution source item approach. Results show that this approach is accurate and efficient, especially in cases with low Courant number.
JOURNAL OF HYDROINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Madiha Bibi, A. Zeeshan, M. Y. Malik
Summary: This paper examines the impact of MHD and viscous dissipation with joule heating on the convective stretching flow of dusty tangent hyperbolic fluid in 3D. The findings suggest that various parameters such as the power law index, magnetic field strength, Weissenberg effect, dust particle concentration, and unsteadiness parameter can influence the flow of fluid and solid granules.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Petroleum
Zhiyuan Wang, Nan Ma, Jianbo Zhang, Jihao Pei, Shikun Tong, Baojiang Sun
Summary: This study investigates the effects of diameter reduction on the migration and deposition mechanism of hydrate particles. The results show that reduced diameter affects flow field distribution, creates an eddy zone that hinders migration, and leads to rapid hydrate particle deposition.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Makoto Asahara, Toshihiro Iwasa, Nobuyuki Tsuboi, A. Koichi Hayashi
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the unsteady fluid dynamics of high-pressure hydrogen jets. Simulation results showed the formation of a highly concentrated cloud of hydrogen at the base of the jet, with observed correlation between the spatio-temporal distribution of hydrogen concentration and velocity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jessica Bohorquez, Angus R. Simpson, Martin F. Lambert, Bradley Alexander
Summary: This paper introduces a new technique that uses artificial neural networks to detect and identify bursts in pipelines by interpreting transient pressure waves. The technique is divided into model development and application stages. Experimental and numerical simulation results demonstrate that the technique can accurately predict the location of the burst, but predicting the burst size requires further steps to ensure accuracy.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiao-xuan Du, Wei Zeng, Martin F. Lambert, Lei Chen, Eric Jing Hu
Summary: This paper presents an approach for pipe burst detection, localization, and cross-sectional area quantification based on changes in the discrete harmonic spectrogram and analysis of damping of fluid transients. The developed pressure signal processing algorithm allows for real-time data monitoring with lower data transmission and sampling rates compared to commonly used data acquisition systems. The algorithm has been verified both numerically and experimentally for its effectiveness in pipe burst detection.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wei Zeng, Aaron C. Zecchin, Benjamin S. Cazzolato, Angus R. Simpson, Jinzhe Gong, Martin F. Lambert
Summary: A new higher-order paired-IRF has been proposed, along with a correlator to highlight anomaly-induced spikes and suppress noise. Experimental results show that the method is extremely sensitive in detecting anomalies and can accurately identify reflections even as small as 0.5% of the injected wave magnitude.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jessica Bohorquez, Martin F. Lambert, Bradley Alexander, Angus R. Simpson, Derek Abbott
Summary: Water losses through leakage pose a significant problem for asset management in water distribution systems. Previous approaches to locate and characterize leaks used the interpretation of fluid transient pressure waves, but these approaches were often model-driven and limited by existing knowledge of the system. Recently, the potential of using artificial neural networks (ANN) and fluid transient waves to detect, locate, and characterize anomalies in water pipelines has been proposed. However, applying this technique in more realistic conditions has been challenging. This paper demonstrates the enhanced detection of leaks in pressurized pipelines by deploying stochastic resonance, and presents a methodology for active inspection of pipelines using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The results of their experiments on a real pipeline showed promising potential for developing CNN-based techniques to detect leaks and anomalies in water pipelines.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Chi Zhang, Bradley J. Alexander, Mark L. Stephens, Martin F. Lambert, Jinzhe Gong
Summary: The implementation of a smart water network is an effective approach to address challenges faced by water utilities. This paper develops a CNN-based model to classify acoustic wave files collected by the SWN and extract features using transfer learning. The developed models have been validated and shown to be an effective tool for water pipeline leak and crack detection, enabling proactive management of pipeline assets.
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chi Zhang, Mark L. Stephens, Martin F. Lambert, Bradley J. Alexander, Jinzhe Gong
Summary: This paper describes a technique for early detection of pipe cracks and its implementation in a smart water network using an acoustic monitoring system. The successful detection of multiple pipe cracks/leaks proves its effectiveness in proactive management of pipe breaks in water distribution systems.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
A. C. Zecchin, N. Do, J. Gong, M. Leonard, M. F. Lambert, M. L. Stephens
Summary: This paper investigates the criteria for optimal sensor deployment in a water distribution system and develops a technique for determining the optimal sensor locations. By maximizing the network extent for detecting and locating hydraulic transient events, the concept of event locatability is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through case studies.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Byron Guerrero, Martin F. Lambert, Rey C. Chin
Summary: This work examines the flow dynamics contributing to the wall shear stress of accelerating and decelerating turbulent pipe flows. Results reveal the differences in time dependence and turbulence response between accelerating and decelerating flows. While an existing 1D unsteady friction model accurately predicts one component of the dynamic decomposition, it fails to capture the transient response of laminar and turbulent contributions. Therefore, a hybrid model based on the identified flow dynamics is proposed to improve the current approach.
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Peng Wang, Aaron C. C. Zecchin, Holger R. R. Maier
Summary: Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) have been widely used for water distribution system (WDS) optimization problems for more than 20 years. This paper proposes a novel selection strategy called convex hull contribution (CHC) selection strategy for generational MOEAs (CHCGen), which outperforms existing popular selection strategies and improves the performance of existing MOEAs such as NSGA-II and GALAXY. The effectiveness of the CHCGen strategy is demonstrated through numerical experiments on six bi-objective WDS problems.
COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wei Zeng, Jinzhe Gong, Aaron C. Zecchin, Martin F. Lambert, Benjamin S. Cazzolato, Angus R. Simpson
Summary: This paper proposes a technique for assessing the condition of pipeline walls in water distribution systems using persistent hydraulic transient waves. The technique focuses on detecting and reconstructing extended and irregular anomalies in the pipe walls. Numerical verifications show that the technique can successfully detect and accurately reconstruct nonuniformly deteriorated sections.
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiao-xuan Du, Martin F. Lambert, Lei Chen, Eric Jing Hu
Summary: The purpose of this study was to illustrate the relationship between methods that utilize the damping of fluid transients and approaches based on frequency response diagrams and to discuss their applications in both leak and burst detection. The mathematical relationship between the two methods was revealed and verified numerically and experimentally. Additionally, a comparison was made between the two methods in terms of input signal bandwidth, problem type, low sampling rate capability, robustness, and real-time data monitoring capability, discussing their applicability in these aspects.
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wei Zeng, Aaron C. Zecchin, Martin F. Lambert
Summary: This paper introduces a novel Elastic Water Column (EWC) model for analyzing hydraulic transients in pipe networks, showing higher accuracy than standard models on 6- and 51-pipe networks.
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Nhu Cuong Do, Luke Dix, Martin Francis Lambert, Mark Leslie Stephens
Summary: This paper describes a continuous monitoring system for a real sewage network using ultrasonic water level sensors, implemented in Stonyfell, South Australia. Analysis of 62 data sets collected over 1 year identified two distinctive features of growing blockages, and an early detection method based on one of these features was formulated. Application of the method showed its effectiveness in detecting possible blockages and overflow events before they occur.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiao-xuan Du, Martin F. Lambert, Lei Chen, Eric Hu
Summary: The paper presents an approach for real-time pipe burst detection and location estimation based on changes in harmonics and damping analysis. Previous methods could not utilize higher order harmonics due to an increasing number of possible burst location solutions. However, the proposed algorithm overcomes this limitation and excludes incorrect solutions by analyzing damping. Additionally, real-time data analysis is made possible by setting the window gap between data windows. The approach has been verified numerically and experimentally with acceptable accuracy.
JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)