Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marieke Vossenaar, Noel W. Solomons, Siti Muslimatun, Mieke Faber, Olga P. Garcia, Eva Monterrosa, Kesso Gabrielle van Zutphen, Klaus Kraemer
Summary: In a multinational survey in Indonesia, Mexico, and South Africa, researchers found no significant differences in energy and nutrient intakes between normal-weight and obese women. Both the cut-point method and critical nutrient density approach revealed a high probability of inadequate intakes for several micronutrients, but with poor concordance between the two methods.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Reza Barekatain, Luis F. Romero, Jose Otavio B. Sorbara, Aaron J. Cowieson
Summary: Adjusting the ratio of amino acids to ME has an impact on body weight gain and feed conversion rate in broiler chickens, indicating the potential of balanced nutrient density in optimizing growth performance.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jong Eun Park, Seulgi Lee, Kirang Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nutritional and physical activity factors on different categories of individuals based on the presence or absence of sarcopenia and central obesity. The findings suggest that adequate energy intake and meeting recommended physical activity levels can lower the likelihood of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. However, prioritizing physical activity guidelines may be more important in the case of sarcopenic obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Danielle Greenberg, Adam Drewnowski, Richard Black, Jan A. Weststrate, Marianne O'Shea
Summary: Improving nutrient density in processed foods is key to meeting WHO Sustainable Development Goals. PepsiCo's Nutrition Criteria (PNC) is an internal nutrient profiling model designed to guide and monitor improvements in food and beverage quality. By using this model, product changes have been made to align with WHO transparency goals.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaan Stephanie Naughton, Helena Romaniuk, Anna Peeters, Alexandra Chung, Alethea Jerebine, Liliana Orellana, Tara Boelsen-Robinson
Summary: This observational study assessed the introduction of a comprehensive healthy food and drink policy and its impact on business outcomes and the healthiness of purchases. The implementation of the policy resulted in a shift towards healthier purchases, with a decrease in the sales of unhealthy drinks and an increase in the sales of healthier options. The study highlights the importance of policies to improve the health of retail food environments.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jean-Francois Catanzariti, Alexandre Rimetz, Florence Genevieve, Gemma Renaud, Natacha Mounet
Summary: This study aims to verify the link between obesity and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). By conducting X-ray measurements on obese adolescents, it was found that the prevalence of AIS in this population is twice as high as in the general population.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Olivia G. Swann, Monique Breslin, Michelle Kilpatrick, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Trevor A. Mori, Lawrence J. Beilin, Ashleigh Lin, Wendy H. Oddy
Summary: Depression is a major cause of disability in adolescents. Higher dietary fibre intake has been associated with lower depressive symptoms in adults, but the association in adolescents may be more reflective of overall diet quality than an independent effect of fibre intake.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yan Zhou, Dingguo Cao, Jie Liu, Fuwei Li, Haixia Han, Qiuxia Lei, Wei Liu, Dapeng Li, Jie Wang
Summary: Feed accounts for the largest portion of poultry production costs. Many studies have investigated the production performance during dietary restriction, but there is a lack of research on the mechanisms by which immune cell function is altered.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Catherine C. Cohen, Wei Perng, Katherine A. Sauder, Brandy M. Ringham, Anna Bellatorre, Ann Scherzinger, Maggie A. Stanislawski, Leslie A. Lange, Kartik Shankar, Dana Dabelea
Summary: The study revealed that increases in fiber, vegetable protein, and polyunsaturated fat intake from childhood to adolescence were associated with lower adolescent hepatic fat, while increases in animal protein intake were associated with higher hepatic fat. There was evidence of effect modification by the PNPLA3 variant.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ellen S. Mitchell, Qiuchen Yang, Annabell S. Ho, Heather Behr, Christine N. May, Laura DeLuca, Andreas Michaelides
Summary: The study found that consuming more low-energy-dense and less high-energy-dense foods, as well as improving nutrition knowledge and making healthier food choices, were associated with weight loss in a digital commercial weight loss program. The inclination towards food choice even when just depicted was also linked to long-term weight loss.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
V. H. Guevara-Oquendo, M. E. Rodriguez Espinosa, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: This study aimed to develop and test eight blend pelleted products (BPPs) for ruminants based on a new co-product (CR, carinata meal) and conventional co-product (CN, canola meal). The results showed that the CR-based products had higher true nutritive values and lower glucosinolates and condensed tannins compared to CN-based products.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yasunaga Takeda, Kazuya Fujihara, Rina Nedachi, Izumi Ikeda, Sakiko Yoshizawa Morikawa, Mariko Hatta, Chika Horikawa, Mitsutoshi Kato, Noriko Kato, Hiroki Yokoyama, Yoshio Kurihara, Kazuhiro Miyazawa, Hiroshi Maegawa, Hirohito Sone
Summary: The study found a positive association between dietary energy density (DED) and obesity in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. DED was more strongly associated with obesity and body mass index (BMI) than other nutritional factors, such as energy intake or macronutrients.
Review
Biology
R. James Stubbs, Graham Horgan, Eric Robinson, Mark Hopkins, Clarissa Dakin, Graham Finlayson
Summary: Over the past 50 years, there has been an increase in the absolute energy from fats and carbohydrates, and the proportion of carbohydrates in the food supply. The dietary energy density (ED) is mainly influenced by the water and fat content in foods. Protein, carbohydrates, and fat have different effects on satiety and energy intake, with protein having the greatest impact. However, when comparing foods with equal energy density, the differences between fat and carbohydrates are modest. Increasing the dietary energy density covertly with fat, carbohydrates, or a mix of macronutrients leads to higher energy intake and weight gain.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ruonan Duan, Xiaoyu Wang, Shufang Shan, Li Zhao, Jingyuan Xiong, Lars Libuda, Guo Cheng
Summary: The Chinese Adolescent Cohort (CAC) study investigates the impacts of nutritional factors on child growth. Findings suggest that high protein intake among girls and unhealthy eating habits may increase obesity risk; while high grain and meat intake may be linked to advanced pubertal development.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Rob Waller, Philllip E. Melton, Michelle Kendell, Sophie Hellings, Erlend Hole, Alison Slevin, Jian Soares, Angela Jacques, Leon Straker, Darren Beales
Summary: This study investigates the heritability of musculoskeletal pain and pain sensitivity, finding significant heritability for musculoskeletal pain and pressure pain sensitivity, but not for cold pain sensitivity. The study highlights the need for further exploration of the genetic and environmental factors involved in the development of these pain disorders.
Article
Sport Sciences
Andrew Haynes, Joanne McVeigh, Leanne Lester, Peter R. Eastwood, Leon Straker, Trevor A. Mori, Lawrence Beilin, Daniel J. Green
Summary: TV watching habits during childhood and adolescence have a negative impact on cardiorespiratory fitness in adulthood, but this impact can be attenuated by engaging in higher levels of physical activity in adulthood.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fuzhen Wan, Feng Pan, Trevor A. Mori, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Lawrence J. Beilin, Wendy H. Oddy
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between erythrocyte fatty acids and fatty acid intake collected using the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) food frequency questionnaire. The results showed a dose-dependent bias between the FFQ fatty acid data and corresponding erythrocyte data, and weaker correlations and poorer agreement between FFQ dietary intakes and erythrocyte levels for major n-3 and n-6 PUFA.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Phillip E. E. Melton, M. A. Burton, K. A. Lillycrop, K. M. Godfrey, S. Rauschert, D. Anderson, G. C. Burdge, T. A. Mori, L. J. Beilin, O. T. Ayonrinde, J. M. Craig, J. K. Olynyk, J. D. Holbrook, C. E. Pennell, W. H. Oddy, E. K. Moses, L. A. Adams, R. C. Huang
Summary: Through DNA methylation epigenome-wide association study, we identified novel DNA methylation loci associated with NAFLD and serum liver biochemistry markers during adolescence, implicating putative dmCpG/gene regulatory pathways and providing insights for future mechanistic studies.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jun Yang, Stella May Gwini, Lawrence J. Beilin, Markus Schlaich, Michael Stowasser, Morag J. Young, Peter J. Fuller, Trevor A. Mori
Summary: Oral contraception can increase the aldosterone to renin ratio, leading to false positive results in the screening for primary aldosteronism. Until more reliable criteria for primary aldosteronism screening in oral contraception users are established, alternative contraception methods should be considered.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sultana Monira Hussain, Peter R. R. Ebeling, Anna L. L. Barker, Lawrence J. J. Beilin, Andrew M. M. Tonkin, John J. J. McNeil
Summary: This study examines the association between higher levels of HDL-C and increased fracture risk in healthy older adults. The results show that each 1-SD increment in HDL-C level is associated with a 14% higher risk of fractures, independent of common risk factors. The findings suggest that HDL-C may play a role in bone health and fracture risk.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michaela Johnston, Therese O'Sullivan, Amanda Devine, Ruth Wallace, Leesa Costello, Ros Sambell
Summary: This study investigated the amount and bioavailability of iron provided to toddlers aged 2-3 years at long-day care services. The results showed that the services provided an adequate amount of iron and it was bioavailable for the toddlers. Future strategies should focus on promoting the bioavailability of iron in the meals served.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Margaret Miller, Donna Barwood, Amanda Devine, Julie Boston, Sandra Smith, Martin Masek
Summary: This study explores the use of food systems as an alternative pedagogical approach for nutrition education, and finds that cross-curricular education through a food systems lens can engage adolescents in nutrition education.
JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thao G. Pham, John B. McNeil, Anna Barker, Suzanne E. Orchard, Anne Newman, Catherine L. Robb, Michael R. Ernst, Sara Espinoza, Robyn Woods, Mark Nelson, Lawrence Beilin, Sultana Monira Hussain
Summary: This study explored the association between grip strength, gait speed, and falls risk in older adults. Lower grip strength was found to be associated with a higher risk of falls, while the association between gait speed and falls risk was weaker. These findings can aid in the early identification of falls.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Catherine Properzi, Leon A. Adams, Johnny Lo, Jill L. Sherriff, Gary P. Jeffrey, Therese A. O'Sullivan
Summary: The study compares the dietary intakes of Australian patients with NAFLD to the general Australian population and explores the relationship between nutrient or food group intake and the degree of steatosis. The findings show significant differences in energy, macronutrient, and fat intake between the NAFLD cohort and the general population. However, no individual nutrients or food groups were strongly related to hepatic fat. Focusing on overall consumption and adopting a whole-diet approach may be more effective in NAFLD treatment and prevention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prudence R. Carr, Katherine L. Webb, Johannes T. Neumann, Le T. P. Thao, Lawrence J. Beilin, Michael E. Ernst, Bernadette Fitzgibbon, Danijela Gasevic, Mark R. Nelson, Anne B. Newman, Suzanne G. Orchard, Alice Owen, Christopher M. Reid, Nigel P. Stocks, Andrew M. Tonkin, Robyn L. Woods, John J. McNeil
Summary: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference are recognized risk factors for several chronic diseases and all-cause mortality in the general population. However, this study found that the associations between BMI, waist circumference and mortality risk are different in older men and women. For men, being overweight was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, while being underweight was associated with a higher risk. For women, the lowest BMI was associated with the highest risk of all-cause mortality. Waist circumference had little association with mortality risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sophia Zoungas, Andrea Curtis, Simone Spark, Rory Wolfe, John J. McNeil, Lawrence Beilin, Trevor T-J Chong, Geoffrey Cloud, Ingrid Hopper, Alissia Kost, Mark Nelson, Stephen J. Nicholls, Christopher M. Reid, Joanne Ryan, Andrew Tonkin, Stephanie A. Ward, Anthony Wierzbicki
Summary: This paper presents the protocol for the STAtins in Reducing Events in the Elderly (STAREE) trial, which aims to study the effects of statins in community dwelling older people without CVD, diabetes or dementia. The trial will be a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial with people aged 70 and over. The main endpoints are disability-free survival and major cardiovascular events, while secondary endpoints include all-cause death, dementia, physical disability, and quality of life. The results of this trial will provide valuable information about the preventive effects of statins in older populations.
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Rebecca Voisin, Pierre Horwitz, Stephanie Godrich, Ros Sambell, Katherine Cullerton, Amanda Devine
Summary: This scoping review explores the concept of no-to-low external input in regenerative agriculture by examining peer-reviewed and gray literature. The study identifies organic amendment inputs and regenerative land management processes that can help reduce external inputs and promote biology and nutrient cycling at different scales. Regenerative agriculture overlaps with other farming practices such as agroecology and conservation agriculture.
AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cecilie Thogersen-Ntoumani, Daniel F. Gucciardi, Joanne A. Mcveigh, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Manon Dontje, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Peter R. Eastwood, Leon Straker
Summary: This study aimed to identify latent health behavior profiles among young adults and examine their associations with physical and mental health outcomes. Four profiles were identified, characterized by different patterns of diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. The study found that individuals who were physically active but had unhealthy eating habits had the poorest health outcomes, while those who abstained from unhealthy foods had the most favorable health outcomes. Additionally, gender differences were observed in the distribution of these profiles. These findings suggest the need for targeted health behavior interventions for young adults.
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sultana Monira Hussain, Andrew M. Tonkin, Gerald F. Watts, Paul Lacaze, Chenglong Yu, Lawrence J. Beilin, Zhen Zhou, Anne B. Newman, Johannes T. Neumann, Cammie Tran, John J. Mcneil
Summary: This study found that higher HDL-C levels are associated with increased risk of cancer and non-cancer non-CVD mortality in healthy older men, but not with CVD mortality. No significant association was found between HDL-C levels and mortality in women.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
A. R. M. Saifuddin Ekram, S. E. Espinoza, M. E. Ernst, J. Ryan, L. Beilin, N. P. Stocks, S. A. Ward, J. J. McNeil, R. C. Shah, R. L. Woods
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and frailty, and determine whether co-existent MetS and frailty affect disability-free survival (DFS). The results showed that MetS was associated with frailty, but MetS alone did not shorten DFS, while frailty increased the risk of reduced DFS.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2023)
