Review
Medicine, General & Internal
F. Frost, M. J. Walshaw, D. Nazareth
Summary: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common life-threatening inherited condition in the Caucasian population, with pulmonary disease being the main contributor to morbidity. While life expectancy has improved, new challenges have arisen, with an increasing prevalence of CF-related diabetes being a significant issue.
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa A. Hillier, Kathryn L. Pedula, Keith K. Ogasawara, Kimberly K. Vesco, Caryn E. S. Oshiro, Suzanne L. Lubarsky, Jan Van Marter
Summary: In this study comparing one-step screening with two-step screening for gestational diabetes mellitus, the one-step approach resulted in more diagnoses of gestational diabetes mellitus but did not have a significant impact on the incidence of adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fidelma Dunne, Christine Newman, Alberto Alvarez-Iglesias, John Ferguson, Andrew Smyth, Marie Browne, Paula O'Shea, Declan Devane, Paddy Gillespie, Delia Bogdanet, Oratile Kgosidialwa, Aoife Egan, Yvonne Finn, Geraldine Gaffney, Aftab Khattak, Derek O'Keeffe, Aaron Liew, Martin O'Donnell
Summary: Early initiation of metformin is not superior to placebo for the primary outcome of gestational diabetes. Further investigation of metformin in larger clinical trials is supported by the prespecified secondary outcome data.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Patil Rashmi, Aswar Urmila, Akotkar Likhit, Bodhankar Subhash, Gurav Shailendra
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a potentially morbid condition associated with various health complications, and the increasing prevalence worldwide necessitates research into new antidiabetic compounds. In order to advance knowledge and develop new drugs, experimental induction of DM in preclinical settings is crucial for understanding pathogenesis. This review examines different in vivo models of Type I and Type II DM induced by chemical, surgical, genetic, and pathogen-related methods, and identifies chemically induced DM with streptozotocin as the most preferred model. The review aims to provide researchers with an understanding of DM pathophysiology and guidance in selecting appropriate animal models.
Article
Cell Biology
Hitoshi Watanabe, Wen Du, Jinsook Son, Lina Sui, Shun-ichiro Asahara, Irwin J. Kurland, Taiyi Kuo, Takumi Kitamoto, Yasutaka Miyachi, Rafael de Cabo, Domenico Accili
Summary: Sulfonylureas are effective and affordable antidiabetic drugs, but chronic use leads to secondary failure. Cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (Cyb5r3) down-regulation is identified as a mechanism of secondary SU failure and can be successfully reversed. Cyb5r3 activators can rescue secondary SU failure and potentially rehabilitate SU use in diabetes.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhen Zhang, Jianyun Sun, Meng Guo, Xuemin Yuan
Summary: Organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage organ failure, but post transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a severe complication that affects the survival of recipients. However, PTDM is often overlooked or poorly managed in its early stage. This article provides an overview of the incidence, pathogenesis, and risk factors for PTDM, aiming to improve the quality of life of recipients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nilanjan Ghosh, Leena Chacko, Hiranmoy Bhattacharya, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Sagnik Nag, Abhijit Dey, Tanushree Karmakar, P. Hemachandra Reddy, Ramesh Kandimalla, Saikat Dewanjee
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular complications often occur together, creating a challenging situation. The development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) involves complex pathophysiological pathways at the metabolic and molecular level, leading to structural and functional alterations of the heart. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have shown promising results in improving cardiovascular outcomes in diabetes. This article highlights the pathways contributing to DCM and discusses potential future therapies.
Article
Microbiology
Alexander Franklin, Sebastian Wurster, Dierdre B. Axell-House, Ying Jiang, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
Summary: Mucormycosis (MCR) is commonly seen in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, hematologic malignancies (HMs), and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study investigated the impact of hyperglycemia on MCR outcomes in patients with HMs or HSCT. The results showed that severe and persistent hyperglycemia were not associated with increased mortality in MCR patients, while insulin use prior to MCR diagnosis may be linked to decreased mortality.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Divyatha Arun, Wahaj Munir, Lara Victoria Schmitt, Rohan Vyas, Jeuela Iris Ravindran, Mohamad Bashir, Ian Michael Williams, Bashi Velayudhan, Mohammed Idhrees
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is associated with a reduced risk of aortic aneurysm development, potentially due to protective mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, chronic hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. Oral hypoglycemic agents may also have a protective effect against aortic aneurysms, as suggested by the literature.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sun H. Kim, Ipsa Arora, Daniel S. Hsia, William C. Knowler, Erin LeBlanc, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Richard Pratley, Anastassios G. Pittas
Summary: There is evidence suggesting that infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to long-term sequelae, including diabetes. This mini-review examines the evolving literature on new-onset diabetes after COVID-19 (NODAC). Current evidence suggests that COVID-19 increases the risk of developing diabetes, but the exact causality is uncertain due to study limitations and the evolving nature of the pandemic. COVID-19 may have direct and indirect effects on pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Souvik Dubey, Subhankar Chatterjee, Ritwik Ghosh, Elan D. Louis, Avijit Hazra, Samya Sengupta, Shambaditya Das, Abhirup Banerjee, Alak Pandit, Biman Kanti Ray, Julian Benito-Leon
Summary: This is the largest clinical series investigating the frequency and clinical-radiological characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus who experience acute onset movement disorders. Nearly one third of the patients had nonchoreic and nonballistic movements.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maryam Armandeh, Behnaz Bameri, Hamed Haghi-Aminjan, Roham Foroumadi, Mahshid Ataei, Shokoufeh Hassani, Mahedeh Samadi, Mohammad Reza Hooshangi Shayesteh, Mohammad Abdollahi
Summary: This review explores the mechanisms of melatonin's effect on reproductive system damage caused by diabetes. Studies suggest that melatonin can improve the impact of diabetes on reproductive tissues and has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Glenn M. Ward, Jacqueline M. Walters, Judith L. Gooley, Raymond C. Boston
Summary: The authors discuss modifications made to glucose challenge protocols and mathematical models in order to estimate insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and glucose effectiveness in patients with Insulin-Requiring Diabetes and those who received Pancreatic Islet Transplants for Type I diabetes. The evolution of protocols and models for use in Type I Diabetes and Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes that were the basis for studies in Islet Recipients is outlined. The ongoing application of adaptations is helping to clarify Islet pathophysiology in Islet Transplant Recipients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ravi Retnakaran, Chang Ye, Anthony J. Hanley, Philip W. Connelly, Mathew Sermer, Bernard Zinman, Jill K. Hamilton
Summary: Despite reducing birth weight and macrosomia, the treatment of GDM does not have analogous effects on infant adiposity across the 1st year of life.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Md Mominur Rahman, Md Rezaul Islam, Fazle Rabbi, Mohammad Touhidul Islam, Sharifa Sultana, Muniruddin Ahmed, Aayush Sehgal, Sukhbir Singh, Neelam Sharma, Tapan Behl
Summary: Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic condition, is characterized by hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Current diabetes medication can regulate blood glucose levels but may have negative effects. Bioactive compounds isolated from plants have shown better anti-diabetic activity. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm their effectiveness.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2022)