Article
Microbiology
Teresa Fasciana, Maria Letizia Gargano, Nicola Serra, Elena Galia, Ignazio Arrigo, Maria Rita Tricoli, Orazia Diquattro, Giuseppa Graceffa, Salvatore Vieni, Giuseppe Venturella, Anna Giammanco
Summary: The study found that extracts from albino Grifola frondosa could effectively inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus, reducing the presence of biofilm. This indicates that albino Grifola frondosa extracts could be utilized as functional food and natural additives for food processing control and safety.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
S. -C. Wong, J. H. -K. Chen, S. Y. -C. So, P. -L. Ho, K. -Y. Yuen, V. C. -C. Cheng
Summary: Gastrointestinal colonization of MRSA may contribute to adverse clinical outcomes and pose an unrecognized burden upon hospital infection control.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
S. Miyakis, S. Brentnall, M. Masso, G. Reynolds, M. K. Byrne, P. Newton, S. Crawford, J. Fish, B. Nicholas, T. Hill, A. M. van Oijen
Summary: The study compared patients with MRSA infection and MSSA infection, finding that MRSA infection was associated with significantly increased inpatient mortality, costs, and hospital length of stay. Key predictors of MRSA infection included date of index admission, comorbidity score, socio-economic disadvantage, and age.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
L. Renggli, M. Gasser, C. Pluss-Suard, A. Kronenberg
Summary: Consumption of anti-MRSA antibiotics in Switzerland increased significantly between 2009 and 2019. Factors such as number of MRSA cases, year, hospital type, hospital department, and linguistic region were found to affect consumption. Additionally, the presence of an antibiotic stewardship group and prescription restrictions were associated with lower consumption of anti-MRSA antibiotics.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. Cohen, M. Afraimov, T. Finn, F. Babushkin, K. Geller, H. Alexander, S. Paikin
Summary: The study identified multiple temporally distinct clonal outbreaks of MRSA in a ward of a long-term care facility, causing recurrent bloodstream infections, with healthcare workers playing a significant role in transmission.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adeline Espinasse, Manibarsha Goswami, Junshu Yang, Onanong Vorasin, Yinduo Ji, Erin E. Carlson
Summary: The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has led to the need for novel approaches and targets to combat this challenge. Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) are important in bacterial adaptive responses and are linked to antibiotic resistance and virulence. A study developed maleimide-based compounds and evaluated them against a model histidine kinase, resulting in the identification of a molecule that decreased the lesion size caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus skin infection by 65% in a murine model.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David K. H. Lo, Marianne S. Muhlebach, Alan R. Smyth
Summary: Cystic fibrosis patients are often affected by pulmonary infections caused by MRSA, leading to lung function decline and early mortality. Clear guidance for MRSA eradication is urgently needed, but lacks robust evidence support.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ying Peng, Tianlong Yang, Yuanzhao Zhu, Qingqing Hu, Yao Wang, Zeyu Zhao, Jia Rui, Shengnan Lin, Xingchun Liu, Jingwen Xu, Meng Yang, Bin Deng, Jiefeng Huang, Weikang Liu, Li Luo, Chan Liu, Zhuoyang Li, Peihua Li, Deguang Kong, Xiaobing Yang, Tianmu Chen
Summary: The study revealed that the incidence of mumps in Wuhan is highest among children aged 5-10 years, with two peak transmission periods every year. The median transmissibility was 1.04, and preventive measures should be taken 2 months before the peak transmission period.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Fahad Al Basir, Teklebirhan Abraha
Summary: Malaria is a serious illness caused by a parasite transmitted through the bites of mosquitoes. This research proposes a mathematical model to study the impact of awareness-based control measures on malaria transmission dynamics. The model's basic properties and stability are analyzed, and optimal control theory is applied to minimize disease control costs. Numerical simulations confirm the analytical results. The research concludes that awareness campaigns through social media, with an optimal control approach, are the most cost-effective way for malaria management.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Artur J. Sabat, Erik Bathoorn, Monika A. Chlebowicz-Fliss, Viktoria Akkerboom, Inge Kamphuis, Claudy Oliveira Dos Santos, Alexander W. Friedrich
Summary: This study describes two false-negative results in the detection of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of sequence type 398 and spa type t011 using the Cepheid Xpert MRSA NxG assay, indicating that this MRSA strain may have been spreading in the northern Netherlands for some time and could have disseminated to other regions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sarah Rhodes, Elizabeth Christenson, Allie Nguyen, Jesper Larsen, Lance B. Price, Jill Stewart
Summary: The study found that industrial hog operations are more likely to carry multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus compared to hogs raised without antibiotics. Conversely, antibiotic-free hogs are more likely to carry human-adapted S. aureus. This highlights the influence of antibiotic use practices on S. aureus populations in U.S. hogs and calls for increased monitoring for antibiotic resistance management.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanbeen Kim, Jakyeom Seo
Summary: Two potential endolysins were identified, with one showing better efficacy against MRSA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shreya Kanth, Akshatha Nagaraja, Yashoda Malgar Puttaiahgowda
Summary: The current global death rate is threatened by deadly unknown infections and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Combatting drug-resistant bacteria, such as MRSA, has become a daunting challenge globally, with polymer synthesis being explored as a significant approach in preventing the spread of infections.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shutao Zhang, Xinhua Qu, Haozheng Tang, You Wang, Hongtao Yang, Weien Yuan, Bing Yue
Summary: The study shows that high-dose diclofenac inhibits the growth of MRSA without inducing drug-resistant mutations easily, while low-dose diclofenac can resensitize bacteria to beta-lactams and inhibit biofilm formation. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicate that diclofenac reduces the expression of genes and proteins associated with antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation. Murine implant infection models suggest that diclofenac combined with beta-lactams can substantially alleviate MRSA infections in vivo, offering promising applications for preventing perioperative infections.
Article
Biology
Min Lu, Yongli Li, Mei X. Wu
Summary: Multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a significant threat and are depleting treatment options. This study explores the combination of blue-laser and thymol to eradicate these bacteria, successfully preventing systematic dissemination in mice. The strategy leverages the unique properties of bacteria to transform harmless thymol into a powerful sterilizer when activated by blue-laser excitation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xinjian Wang, Guo Lin, Shigui Ruan
Summary: This paper investigates the propagation dynamics of vector-borne diseases in spatial expansion. The spreading speed and minimal wave speed are determined when the basic reproduction number is larger than one. The uniqueness and monotonicity of travelling wave solutions are proven. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the analytical results.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH SECTION A-MATHEMATICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xinjian Wang, Guo Lin, Shigui Ruan
Summary: This study investigates the spatial expansion speeds of viruses and infected cells within an infected host by establishing a within-host viral infection model. The findings provide important insights into the transmission mechanism of viral infections.
STUDIES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Canrong Tian, Zuhan Liu, Shigui Ruan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of population mobility on the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases using an SEIR epidemic model and weighted networks. By constructing Liapunov functions, it is found that the basic reproduction number affects the global asymptotic stability of disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium. Numerical simulations on Watts-Strogatz networks demonstrate that node degrees play a crucial role in determining peak numbers of infectious population and the time to reach these peaks.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Jicai Huang, Hao Kang, Min Lu, Shigui Ruan, Wenting Zhuo
Summary: The age structure is important in the transmission and control of infectious diseases. This paper studies the existence and stability of disease-free and endemic steady states in an age-structured epidemic model with vaccination. Numerical simulations are used to illustrate the theoretical results.
NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Yan-Xia Feng, Wan-Tong Li, Shigui Ruan, Fei-Ying Yang
Summary: This paper investigates a nonlocal dispersal model of infectious diseases, with a focus on the effects of large and small diffusion rates on the persistence or extinction of the disease. The study also evaluates the effectiveness of restricting the movement of susceptible individuals in eliminating the infectious disease unless the total population size is relatively small.
JOURNAL OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Gui-quan Sun, Hong-tao Zhang, Li-li Chang, Zhen Jin, Hao Wang, Shiqui Ruan
Summary: In this study, a diffusive FMD model is used to investigate the transmission dynamics and control measures of FMD. It is found that reducing the direct and indirect contact rates is important in relieving FMD outbreaks. The effect of diffusion on the time to reach steady state is also examined and its impact varies with the infection level. Sensitivity analysis suggests that stamping out the infected individuals and blocking the epidemic spots and areas are effective in preventing and controlling the spread of FMD.
SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Liyan Pang, Shi-Liang Wu, Shigui Ruan
Summary: This paper investigates the long-time behavior of bounded solutions to a two-species time-periodic Lotka-Volterra reaction-diffusion system with strong competition. By transforming the system into a cooperative system on [0,1], it is shown that solutions converge to diverging periodic traveling fronts under certain conditions. Additionally, it is proved that solutions spread to 1 under certain conditions. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that if the two species are initially absent from the right half-line x > 0 and the slower one dominates the faster one on x < 0, solutions approach a propagating terrace with multiple invasion speeds.
CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Jing Chen, Xi Huo, Andre B. B. Wilke, John C. Beier, Chalmers Vasquez, William Petrie, Robert Stephen Cantrell, Chris Cosner, Shigui Ruan
Summary: In this study, a deterministic mosquito population model was developed to assess the impact of rainfall on the abundance of Ae. aegypti in different urban built environments in Miami-Dade County. The results showed that rainfall affected breeding sites and mosquito abundance more significantly in tourist areas than in residential places. The model was also used to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of vector control strategies in the county.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Shujing Shi, Jicai Huang, Yang Kuang, Shigui Ruan
Summary: This paper studies a three-dimensional tumor-immune system interaction model involving tumor cells, activated T cells, and an immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-PD-1. The growth of tumor cells is assumed to be exponential due to their uncontrollable nature without immune response or treatment. The distribution of equilibria is qualitatively discussed and the stability of equilibria with and without anti-PD-1 drug is studied. The model exhibits different outcomes based on the death rate of T cells and the presence of anti-PD-1 treatment, including tumor growth, eradication, bistable phenomena, and periodic orbits. The existence of local Hopf bifurcation and the stability of bifurcating periodic orbits are also established. The model demonstrates the long-term coexistence and balance of the tumor and immune system.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Xiaomei Feng, Yunfeng Liu, Shigui Ruan, Jianshe Yu
Summary: In this paper, a seasonally interactive model between closed and open seasons is formulated based on management and capture methods of renewable resources using Michaelis-Menten type harvesting. The study finds that by setting an appropriate length threshold of the closed season, the population can achieve global asymptotic stability and the existence of a unique globally asymptotically stable T-periodic solution.
JOURNAL OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yu Yang, Lan Zou, Jinling Zhou, Shigui Ruan
Summary: This paper focuses on a nonlocal within-host viral infection model with general incidence in a spatially heterogeneous environment. The well-posedness, boundedness, and asymptotic compactness of the model are established. The basic reproduction number R0 is defined using perturbation technique. The global stability of the infection-free steady state is studied, and it is shown that the system is uniformly persistent when R0 > 1. The existence, uniqueness, and global stability of the infection steady state for a special incidence function are also established. Finally, examples and numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the obtained results.
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTION EQUATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zheng Chen, Jieyu Liu, Zhonghua Qian, Li Li, Zhiseng Zhang, Guolin Feng, Shigui Ruan, Guiquan Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the vegetation dynamics under the effects of climate change in arid ecosystems using a mathematical model. They found that the ecosystem might experience a catastrophic shift with the climatic deterioration and that recent climate changes were the main reason for land degradation. The results suggest that vegetation patterns can provide clues to whether the ecosystem is approaching desertification, which can help map vulnerable arid areas globally through model simulation and satellite images.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Hao Kang, Shigui Ruan
Summary: This paper studies the principal spectral theory of age-structured models with nonlocal diffusion in a population of multigroups. A criterion for the existence of the principal eigenvalue is provided using the theory of positive resolvent operators with their perturbations. The generalized principal eigenvalue is defined and used to investigate the influence of diffusion rate on the principal eigenvalue. The strong maximum principle for age-structured nonlocal diffusion operators is established, and the established theory is applied to an age-structured cooperative system with nonlocal diffusion as an example.
CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Shigui Ruan, Dongmei Xiao
Summary: A natural biological system under human interventions may exhibit complex dynamics that could lead to either the collapse or stabilization of the system. The bifurcation theory plays a significant role in understanding this evolution process by modeling and analyzing the biological system. This paper examines two types of biological models proposed by Fred Brauer: predator-prey models with stocking/harvesting and epidemic models with importation/isolation. The study shows that the system under human interventions undergoes imperfect bifurcation and Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation, resulting in richer dynamical behaviors such as the existence of limit cycles or homoclinic loops.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yancong Xu, Yue Yang, Fanwei Meng, Shigui Ruan
Summary: In this paper, the Holling-Tanner predator-prey model with constant-yield prey harvesting and anti-predator behavior is investigated. Various bifurcations and rich dynamical behaviors are observed, including saddle-node bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation, saddle-node bifurcation of limit cycles, and homoclinic bifurcation. The effects of harvesting and anti-predator behavior on population dynamics are discussed, and numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the theoretical findings.
NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS
(2024)
