Article
Hematology
Ki-Chul Sung, Tae Kyung Yoo, Mi Yeon Lee, Christopher D. Byrne, Ming-Hua Zheng, Giovanni Targher
Summary: In this study, both NAFLD and MAFLD were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of prevalent and incident CAC. The association was stronger for MAFLD compared to NAFLD.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David S. Schade, Martin Hickey, Philip Eaton
Summary: Coronary artery calcium scanning is a test used to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease by measuring the calcium deposition in the coronary arteries. The score obtained from the test helps determine the likelihood of future cardiovascular events. Higher scores indicate higher risks and warrant aggressive treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rieko Bessho, Kazuhiro Kashiwagi, Akihiko Ikura, Karin Yamataka, Jun Inaishi, Hiromasa Takaishi, Takanori Kanai
Summary: This study investigated the association between subclinical atherosclerosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as the synergistic effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) and MAFLD on subclinical atherosclerosis. The results showed that MAFLD was significantly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in the general population, and DM-MAFLD could be a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease through insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael J. Blaha, Seamus P. Whelton, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Zeina Dardari, Leslee J. Shaw, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Kunihiro Matsushita, Alan Rozanski, John A. Rumberger, Daniel S. Berman, Matthew J. Budoff, Michael D. Miedema, Khurram Nasir, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
Summary: This study compared the risk discrimination for predicting CHD and CVD deaths between the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE), the MESA Risk Score (with and without CAC), and the addition of CAC to the PCE. The results showed that adding CAC to the PCE improved risk discrimination, and the MESA Risk Score with CAC, as well as the PCE plus CAC, performed best among patients with 5% to 20% estimated risk. Additionally, CAC also modestly improved discrimination in low- and high-risk groups.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alessandra Scoccia, Guglielmo Gallone, Alberto Cereda, Anna Palmisano, Davide Vignale, Riccardo Leone, Valeria Nicoletti, Chiara Gnasso, Alberto Monello, Arif Khokhar, Alessandro Sticchi, Andrea Biagi, Carlo Tacchetti, Gianluca Campo, Claudio Rapezzi, Francesco Ponticelli, Gian Battista Danzi, Marco Loffi, Gianluca Pontone, Daniele Andreini, Gianni Casella, Gianmarco Iannopollo, Davide Ippolito, Giacomo Bellani, Gianluigi Patelli, Francesca Besana, Claudia Costa, Luigi Vignali, Giorgio Benatti, Mario Iannaccone, Paolo Giacomo Vaudano, Alberto Pacielli, Caterina Chiara De Carlini, Stefano Maggiolini, Pietro Andrea Bonaffini, Michele Senni, Elisa Scarnecchia, Fabio Anastasio, Antonio Colombo, Roberto Ferrari, Antonio Esposito, Francesco Giannini, Marco Toselli
Summary: In hospitalized COVID-19 patients, the presence and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) are associated with in-hospital mortality and MI/CVA events, and they appear to be better prognostic indicators compared to clinical cardiovascular risk assessment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Min-Kyu Kang, Jung-Gil Park
Summary: The study found that about 11% of NAFLD patients have low skeletal muscle mass. Multivariate analyses showed that LSMM is significantly associated with increased cIMT and the presence of carotid plaques. The proportion of obese NAFLD patients with LSMM having increased cIMT and carotid plaques was significantly higher compared to those without LSMM.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana Luiza Vieira de Araujo, Raul D. Santos, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Roberto Nery Dantas, Carlos Andre Oshiro, Cesar Higa Nomura, Edson Bor-Seng-Shu, Marcelo de Lima Oliveira, Claudia da Costa Leite, Maria da Graca Morais Martin, Maramelia Miranda Alves, Gisele Sampaio Silva, Victor Marinho Silva, Adriana Bastos Conforto
Summary: The frequency of coronary calcification is higher in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack caused by large-artery atherosclerosis than in controls. CAC scores are even higher in patients with stenosis in both cervical and intracranial arteries.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolina Vasconcellos, Oureana Ferreira, Marta Filipa Lopes, Andre Filipe Ribeiro, Joao Vasques, Catarina Sousa Guerreiro
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic condition in which fat accumulates abnormally in the liver due to genetic and environmental factors. It is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Both genetic factors (such as epigenetic mechanisms and polymorphisms in genes like PNPLA3, TM6SF2, PEMT, and CHDH) and environmental factors (such as physical inactivity and imbalanced diet) contribute to the development of NAFLD.
Review
Immunology
Nuria Barbarroja, Miriam Ruiz-Ponce, Laura Cuesta-Lopez, Carlos Perez-Sanchez, Chary Lopez-Pedrera, Ivan Arias-de La Rosa, Eduardo Collantes-Estevez
Summary: Liver disease is a significant cause of increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammation and the accumulation of fat in the liver can lead to hepatic damage, progressing to fibrosis and eventually cirrhosis, which are closely associated with cardiovascular disease. Patients with inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis have a higher risk of liver disease compared to the general population, possibly due to chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, treatments, and metabolic deregulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Keishi Ichikawa, Toru Miyoshi, Kazuhiro Osawa, Takashi Miki, Hironobu Toda, Kentaro Ejiri, Masatoki Yoshida, Yusuke Nanba, Masashi Yoshida, Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Morita, Hiroshi Ito
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), coronary artery calcium score (CACS), and Framingham risk score (FRS) are independently associated with cardiovascular events. Adding NAFLD to CACS and FRS improves the prediction of cardiovascular events in T2DM patients.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anurag Mehta, Nestor Vasquez, Colby R. Ayers, Jaideep Patel, Ananya Hooda, Amit Khera, Roger S. Blumenthal, Michael D. Shapiro, Carlos J. Rodriguez, Michael Y. Tsai, Laurence S. Sperling, Salim S. Virani, Michael J. Blaha, Parag H. Joshi
Summary: Elevated lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium are independently associated with ASCVD risk, and may be concurrently useful in guiding primary prevention therapy decisions, as demonstrated in the MESA and DHS cohorts.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul T. Jurgens, John J. Carr, James G. Terry, Jamal S. Rana, David R. Jacobs, Daniel A. Duprez
Summary: This study investigated the predictive value of abdominal aorta calcium (AAC) relative to coronary artery calcium (CAC) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) events in Black and White early middle-aged participants. The results showed that AAC and CAC had similar predictive effects on CVD, with only CAC being able to predict CHD. Additionally, AAC was able to predict incident CVD when CAC was 0.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Emir Muzurovic, Carol Chiung-Hui Peng, Matthew J. Belanger, Despina Sanoudou, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, Christos S. Mantzoros
Summary: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The two conditions share several risk factors, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Personalized therapeutic approaches and public health policies are needed to effectively address the NAFLD epidemic.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ho Soo Chun, Minjong Lee, Hye Ah Lee, Seo Yeong Oh, Hyo Jeong Baek, Jae Won Moon, Yeon Jeong Kim, Jinha Lee, Hyoeun Kim, Hwi Young Kim, Kwon Yoo, Tae Hun Kim, Seung Up Kim
Summary: This study investigated the association of physical activity with risk of liver fibrosis, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects. The study found that increasing levels of physical activity were associated with a reduced risk of fibrosis, sarcopenia, and CVD. Furthermore, higher levels of physical activity were also associated with a lower risk of fibrosis, sarcopenia, and CVD in subjects with sarcopenic obesity or lean NAFLD.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Sorina Capisizu, Silviu Marcel Stanciu, Dragos Cuzino
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, with coronary artery calcium score being a powerful method in its assessment. Romania has a high risk of cardiovascular diseases but limited data on calcium score prevalence. A retrospective study found that age, dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, and diabetes were associated with different levels of coronary artery calcification, with smoking and diabetes being the strongest predictors for very severe calcification. Patients with multiple risk factors were significantly more likely to have very severe calcification.