Article
Virology
Shogo Nakajima, Koichi Watashi, Takanobu Kato, Masamichi Muramatsu, Takaji Wakita, Noriko Tamura, Shin-ichiro Hattori, Kenji Maeda, Hiroaki Mitsuya, Yoshiaki Yasutake, Tetsuya Toyoda
Summary: By analyzing the resistant mutations in HBV RT, researchers found that ETV-TP may get stuck at M171, leading to the unusual inhibition pattern observed in kinetic analysis. This provides new insights into the mechanism of ETV resistance and suggests potential modifications to enhance the effectiveness of ETV and other nucleos(t)ide analogues as HBV drugs.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mark S. Sulkowski, Kosh Agarwal, Xiaoli Ma, Tuan T. Nguyen, Eugene R. Schiff, Hie-Won L. Hann, Douglas T. Dieterich, Ronald G. Nahass, James S. Park, Sing Chan, Steven-Huy B. Han, Edward J. Gane, Michael Bennett, Katia Alves, Marc Evanchik, Ran Yan, Qi Huang, Uri Lopatin, Richard Colonno, Julie Ma, Steven J. Knox, Luisa M. Stamm, Maurizio Bonacini, Ira M. Jacobson, Walid S. Ayoub, Frank Weilert, Natarajan Ravendhran, Alnoor Ramji, Paul Yien Kwo, Magdy Elkhashab, Tarek Hassanein, Ho S. Bae, Jacob P. Lalezari, Scott K. Fung, Man-Fung Yuen
Summary: The combination of VBR and ETV demonstrated greater antiviral activity than ETV alone in treatment-naive patients with cHBV, and it was well-tolerated and safe.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Thu Kim Nguyen, Duyet Van Le
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mutations in the gene coding for the reverse transcriptase enzyme and drugs used in the treatment of hepatitis B in Vietnam. It was found that lamivudine, telbivudine, and entecavir had high resistance to the RT enzyme modifications, while adefovir and tenofovir had lower resistance. The A181L/T/V mutation was predominantly detected in tenofovir-resistant HBV strains. Patients achieved the best virological response after 24 weeks of therapy with tenofovir and entecavir at a daily dose of one tablet.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yao-Chun Hsu, Ming-Lun Yeh, Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Chien-Hung Chen, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Maria Buti, Masaru Enomoto, Qing Xie, Huy Trinh, Carmen Preda, Li Liu, Ka-Shing Cheung, Yee Hui Yeo, Joseph Hoang, Chung-Feng Huang, Mar Riveiro-Barciela, Ritsuzo Kozuka, Doina Istratescu, Pei-Chien Tsai, Elena Vargas Accarino, Dong-Hyun Lee, Jia-Ling Wu, Jee Fu Huang, Chia-Yen Dai, Ramsey Cheung, Wan-Long Chuang, Man-Fung Yuen, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Ming-Lung Yu, Mindie H. Nguyen
Summary: In patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with ETV or TDF, the occurrence of HBsAg seroclearance is rare and is associated with low-level viremia, elevated alanine aminotransferase levels, bilirubin levels, and fatty liver.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juhee Won, Ah Ram Lee, Mehrangiz Dezhbord, Da Rae Lee, Seong Ho Kim, Jong Chul Kim, Soree Park, Nayeon Kim, Byengjune Jae, Kyun-Hwan Kim
Summary: This study reveals that Besifovir (BFV) may serve as an alternative drug for patients with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) resistance in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. LMV and ETV-resistant mutants are not susceptible to BFV, while ADV and TDF-resistant mutants are sensitive to BFV.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Weihua Zou, Fuchu Qian, Fang Jin, Dongli Li, Jing Chen
Summary: RT mutations were more common in NA-treated chronic hepatitis B patients compared to untreated patients, leading to the presence of drug-resistant mutations. Classic drug-resistant mutations were more prevalent in treated patients, with multiple mutations being common. Some novel mutations may be associated with drug resistance.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chien-Hung Chen, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Tsung-Hui Hu, Jing-Houng Wang, Chao-Hung Hung, Sheng-Nan Lu
Summary: This study compared the rates of HBsAg loss after discontinuation of entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The results showed that patients who discontinued TDF had higher risks of virological and clinical relapse, as well as retreatment, compared to those who discontinued entecavir.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jong Chul Kim, Hye Young Lee, Ah Ram Lee, Mehrangiz Dezhbord, Da Rae Lee, Seong Ho Kim, Juhee Won, Soree Park, Na Yeon Kim, Jae Jin Shin, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Kyun-Hwan Kim
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem, and current clinically approved treatments include nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) and interferon alpha. However, little is known about the resistance to a newly developed NA, besifovir dipivoxil maleate (BSV). In this study, a case of viral breakthrough in a chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patient after long-term BSV treatment was reported. Analysis of HBV DNA and reverse transcriptase (RT) domain revealed multiple mutations, with rtL180M (M) and rtM204V (V) mutations conferring resistance to BSV in vitro.
Article
Immunology
Jeong-Hoon Lee, Yun Bin Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Su Jong Yu, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Yoon Jun Kim
Summary: This study found that adding pegylated interferon alfa-2a treatment to chronic hepatitis B patients treated with entecavir, followed by sequential HBV vaccination under an intensified schedule, significantly increases the chance of HBsAg seroclearance compared to entecavir alone.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Carl J. Balibar, Daniel J. Klein, Beata Zamlynny, Tracy L. Diamond, Zhiyu Fang, Carol A. Cheney, Jan Kristoff, Meiqing Lu, Marina Bukhtiyarova, Yangsi Ou, Min Xu, Lei Ba, Steven S. Carroll, Abdellatif El Marrouni, John F. Fay, Ashley Forster, Shih Lin Goh, Meigang Gu, Daniel Krosky, Daniel I. S. Rosenbloom, Payal Sheth, Deping Wang, Guoxin Wu, Matthias Zebisch, Tian Zhao, Paul Zuck, Jay Grobler, Daria J. Hazuda, Bonnie J. Howell, Antonella Converso
Summary: Antiretroviral therapy can inhibit HIV-1 replication but cannot cure the infection due to the persistence of a reservoir in the host genome. Reduction of this reservoir is important for HIV-1 cure. Some nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors have shown selective cytotoxicity against HIV-1 in vitro, but their concentrations required are much higher than approved dosages. By focusing on this secondary activity, researchers have discovered bifunctional compounds called targeted activators of cell kill (TACK) that can kill HIV-1-infected cells at clinically achievable concentrations. These TACK molecules bind to the reverse transcriptase-p66 domain of monomeric Gag-Pol and act as allosteric modulators, promoting dimerization and premature intracellular viral protease activation, leading to death of HIV-1(+) cells. TACK molecules retain potent antiviral activity and selectively eliminate infected CD4(+) T cells, providing a potential immune-independent clearance strategy.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chan-Young Jung, Hyung Woo Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Seung Up Kim, Beom Seok Kim
Summary: A study compared the risk of kidney function decline in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients treated with ETV and TAF, finding that the risk was significantly higher in the ETV-treated group. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to confirm these findings.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jin Shang, Juan Zhou, Huan Liu, Rili M. Ise, You Tu, Jinqiu Ran, Lang Bai, Hong Tang
Summary: The study found that the rate of ETV resistance among chronic hepatitis B patients in China is increasing annually. TDF monotherapy and TDF combination therapy showed similar virologic responses, which were better than ETV and ADV combination therapy for ETV resistance.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Cheng Yang, Yi Yuan, Man Shen, Ke Wang, Hanqing Xu, Yingran Wang, Ming Chen, Jing Bao, Mingxuan Gao
Summary: tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) has been identified as a new biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of breast cancer. Researchers have developed a versatile enzymatic reaction called RT-NExT, which can accurately detect the expression levels of tsRNA in a fast and reliable manner.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fei-lin Ge, Lan-lan Si, Yan Yang, Yuan-hua Li, Zhong-lin Lv, Wen-hui Liu, Hao Liao, Jun Wang, Jun Zou, Le Li, Hui Li, Zi-lin Zhang, Jia-bo Wang, Xue-chun Lu, Dong-ping Xu, Zhao-fang Bai, Yan Liu, Xiao-he Xiao
Summary: LWWL demonstrated potent inhibitory effects on both wild-type and entecavir-resistant HBV, potentially through increasing IFN-beta and IFN-gamma production.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jun Li, Xiao-Qin Dong, Li-Hua Cao, Zhan-Qing Zhang, Wei-Feng Zhao, Qing-Hua Shang, Da-Zhi Zhang, An-Lin Ma, Qing Xie, Hong-Lian Gui, Guo Zhang, Ying-Xia Liu, Jia Shang, Shi-Bin Xie, Yi-Qi Liu, Chi Zhang, Gui-Qiang Wang, Hong Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the factors associated with persistent viremia in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving long-term antiviral therapy, and found that baseline HBV DNA level, Anti-HBc level, and HBeAg seropositivity were associated with persistent viremia.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)