Article
Oceanography
Zijia Zheng, Xiaofan Luo, Hao Wei, Wei Zhao
Summary: This study demonstrates the role of Pacific inflow in driving the Chukchi shelf pump and quantifies the flux of DIC. The results also reveal the influence of seasonal and interannual variability on this process.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Heejun Han, Taehee Na, Hyung-Mi Cho, Guebuem Kim, Jeomshik Hwang
Summary: The study found significant additional supplies of DOC in the central Yellow Sea, originating from newly produced DOC and the degradation of organic matter. The flux of this additional DOC produced in the East China Sea continental shelf is comparable to that from the Changjiang discharge, indicating its potential global importance in marine DOC budgets.
Article
Oceanography
Zijia Zheng, Xiaofan Luo, Hao Wei, Wei Zhao
Summary: This study uses a coupled ocean-sea ice-biogeochemical model to quantify the flux of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the Chukchi shelf to the deep ocean. It finds that the Pacific inflow is the main driver of the highly efficient continental shelf pump in the Chukchi Sea, exporting an average of 828 Tg C-DIC to deep basins annually during 1998-2015. DIC is mainly exported through Barrow Canyon in summer and along the shelf under the 100 m isobath in winter, influenced by seasonal wind patterns and interannual variability.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Axiang Cao, Jing Zhang, Honghai Zhang, Zhaohui Chen, Guanghao Cui, Zhensong Liu, Yanbin Li, Qian Liu
Summary: This paper describes the limited knowledge of the sources, transport, and biogeochemical cycling of trace elements, particularly rare earth elements (REEs), in the Northwest Pacific. Through a longitudinal transect study, it was found that REEs were strongly positively correlated with apparent oxygen utilization in the mixed water region and the subtropical region. Additionally, a lithogenic input signal of REEs from the Aleutian Islands was observed. The study highlights the importance of considering the cross-shelf REE fluxes in the Northwest Pacific when constructing the oceanic REE budgets.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pierre Poitevin, Pascal Lazure, Virginie Roy, Sebastien Donnet, Laurent Chauvaud
Summary: As one of the foremost global forcings, tidal circulation exerts a pervasive influence on biological and physical processes in the world's oceans. This research identified an 18.6-year periodic variation in the lunar orbital plane and its potential ecological implications. The study used satellite data and numerical modeling to demonstrate the influence of the 18.6-year nodal lunar cycle on diurnal tidal currents in the coastal regions of the Northwest Atlantic shelf.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Julian Rogger, Lukas Hoertnagl, Nina Buchmann, Werner Eugster
Summary: This study analyzed a 15-year time series of carbon dioxide (CO2) flux measurements on a grassland in Switzerland to assess the effects of agricultural management, climate warming, and anomalous weather conditions on carbon sequestration potential. The results showed that light and temperature were the main drivers of CO2 fluxes, and management methods had a significant impact on photosynthesis but not on ecosystem respiration. Under future climatic conditions, the carbon sequestration potential will depend on the interactions between climate and management as well as the increase in ecosystem respiration.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jan Kossack, Moritz Mathis, Ute Daewel, Yinglong Joseph Zhang, Corinna Schrum
Summary: Mid-latitude continental shelves like the northwest European shelf (NWES) play a significant role in carbon sequestration due to high biological productivity and efficient export of carbon-enriched subsurface waters. Tidal forcing, as one of the dominant physical forcing mechanisms, regulates the water column's mixing-stratification status, which affects biological productivity on the NWES. However, the role of tides in carbon fixation on the NWES is still not well understood. In this study, a coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical modeling system was used to quantify the tidal impacts on primary production on the NWES. The results show that tidal forcing increases biological productivity on the NWES, with around 16% of the annual mean primary production related to tidal forcing.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
A. Krasnova, Ue. Mander, S. M. Noe, V. Uri, D. Krasnov, K. Soosaar
Summary: This study assessed the impact of the 2018 heatwave on the carbon exchange of different forest types and a clear-cut area in Europe. The results showed that the carbon exchange varied among forest types, with coniferous forests being the most resistant and mixed forests being the most affected. These findings are important for understanding the effects of global climate change on ecosystems.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marta Miatta, Paul V. R. Snelgrove
Summary: The heterogeneous topography of continental margins can influence patterns of resource availability and biodiversity in deep-sea sediments. This study in the Northwest Atlantic continental margin found contrasting spatial patterns and drivers of benthic nutrient fluxes and macrofaunal communities in different sedimentary habitats.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah M. Roberts, Patrick N. Halpin, James S. Clark
Summary: Single species distribution models (SSDMs) are commonly used to understand and predict the distribution and abundance of marine fish, but joint species distribution models (JSDMs) allow for better inference of environmental effects and provide evidence of species relationships and covariation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cosimo Solidoro, Gianpiero Cossarini, Paolo Lazzari, Giovanni Galli, Giorgio Bolzon, Samuel Somot, Stefano Salon
Summary: This study simulates and analyzes the impact of a high CO2 emission scenario on the Mediterranean Sea ecosystem. It reveals that under this scenario, plankton primary production and total system respiration increase. However, the increase in productivity is smaller than that of respiration, resulting in decreased concentrations of total living carbon, chlorophyll, particulate organic carbon, and oxygen in the surface layer, and increased DIC pool throughout the basin. Additionally, the dissolution of atmospheric CO2 leads to increased carbon fluxes, reduced organic carbon, and increased inorganic carbon. The eastern sub-basin accumulates more than 85% of the absorbed atmospheric CO2. A clear signal of ocean acidification is observed in the entire basin, similar to other oceans, and can be detected even in the deep layers.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Curtis J. Richardson, Neal E. Flanagan, Mengchi Ho
Summary: This study investigates the impact of drainage and hydrologic restoration on carbon budgets in Pocosin Lakes National Wildlife Refuge and adjacent private peatlands in North Carolina. The results show that carbon losses are higher in drained sites and lower in restored sites.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Olga Sukhoveeva, Dmitry Karelin, Tatiana Lebedeva, Alexander Pochikalov, Oleg Ryzhkov, Gennady Suvorov, Alipiy Zolotukhin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate carbon fluxes and pools in the sector of agriculture and land use in the European part of Russia. It found that croplands, pastures, and forests can absorb methane and nitrous oxide, while livestock facilities are potent sources of these greenhouse gases. Simulation modeling showed that winter wheat can accumulate soil organic carbon, while other crops lead to a decrease in carbon stocks.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Reading, Damien T. Maher, Isaac R. Santos, Luke C. Jeffrey, Tyler J. Cyronak, Ashly McMahon, Douglas R. Tait
Summary: The dynamics of methane and nitrous oxide in coastal coral reef areas are not well understood. The study in the Great Barrier Reef showed oversaturated CO2 due to calcification and riverine sources, oversaturated CH4 from nearshore biogenic sources and probable offshore aerobic production, and generally undersaturated N2O. The GBR was a slight CO2 and CH4 source and N2O sink during the study, with further research needed to constrain diurnal, seasonal, and spatial dynamics.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
E. Perez, S. Ryan, M. Andres, G. Gawarkiewicz, C. C. Ummenhofer, J. Bane, S. Haines
Summary: The Northwest Atlantic shows signs of accelerated warming compared to the global ocean and has experienced significant marine heatwaves over the past decade. Factors such as the position of the jet stream and warm core rings shed by the Gulf Stream play important roles in the development of these heatwaves. Heatwaves in the Northwest Atlantic have significant socio-economic impacts and affect commercially important species.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hanna Campen, Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Yuri Artioli, Ian J. Brown, Vassilis Kitidis, Gennadi Lessin, Andrew P. Rees, Hermann W. Bange
Summary: The research summarized the cycling of DMS and CO in the Arctic Ocean and suggested that production of DMS and CO might increase with ice melting and increased light availability. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen process studies, long-term observations, and modeling efforts to better understand the cycling and emissions of DMS and CO in the Arctic Ocean.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andrew P. Rees, Hermann W. Bange, Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Yuri Artioli, Dawn M. Ashby, Ian Brown, Hanna Campen, Darren R. Clark, Vassilis Kitidis, Gennadi Lessin, Glen A. Tarran, Carol Turley
Summary: Human activities are rapidly changing the Arctic environment, impacting the emissions of trace gases in the ocean, which could have significant effects on the climate.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
A. Ross Brown, Martin K. S. Lilley, Jamie Shutler, Claire Widdicombe, Paul Rooks, Andrea McEvoy, Ricardo Torres, Yuri Artioli, Gary Rawle, John Homyard, Charles R. Tyler, Chris Lowe
Summary: Harmful algal blooms (HABs) can have severe impacts on marine ecosystems, human health, and the seafood industry. This study examined changes in plankton communities during a warm summer and found significant differences in the abundance of HAB species at different sites. These differences appear to be associated with variations in water circulation and co-occurring plankton communities.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
T. Lovato, D. Peano, M. Butenschon, S. Materia, D. Iovino, E. Scoccimarro, P. G. Fogli, A. Cherchi, A. Bellucci, S. Gualdi, S. Masina, A. Navarra
Summary: This article introduces the second generation CMCC Earth System Model (CMCC-ESM2) and highlights its improvements in the representation of land and marine biogeochemical processes. The model shows a consistent representation of physical and biogeochemical quantities and performs well in comparison to observed data. However, there are discrepancies in the simulation of land carbon sink and marine primary production. Future projections suggest global warming and increased precipitation in the northern hemisphere. The model's predictions for oceanic pH and oxygen, as well as land carbon and nitrogen soil storage, align well with those of other CMIP6 models.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Review
Oceanography
John M. Huthnance, Joanne E. Hopkins, Bee Berx, Andy Dale, Jason Holt, Philip Hosegood, Mark Inall, Sam Jones, Benjamin R. Loveday, Peter Miller, Jeff Polton, Marie Porter, Carl Spingys
Summary: Transports across the continental shelf edge have significant impacts on shelf-sea production, carbon removal, and ocean circulation. This study estimates the overall transport across the northwest European shelf edge in three different sectors using various measurements and estimates of processes contributing to exchange. The findings highlight the potential importance of these transports for shelf-sea and adjacent oceanic budgets. Fine-resolution models are crucial for further understanding and estimating the sensitivities of shelf-sea to the nearby ocean.
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
J. E. Jardine, M. Palmer, C. Mahaffey, J. Holt, S. Wakelin, Y. Artioli
Summary: This study investigates the factors influencing phytoplankton growth during the winter-spring transition on the Northwest European Shelf. The research finds that light plays a primary role in controlling the spring bloom, and the prebloom is influenced by the phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. The findings suggest that prebloom events may help mitigate the lag between phytoplankton supply and larval recruitment, especially in years when the spring bloom is delayed.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Anna Katavouta, Jeff A. Polton, James D. Harle, Jason T. Holt
Summary: The effect of tides on the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is investigated in a regional ocean model, revealing that tides have a modest impact on volume, heat and salt transports towards the Indian Ocean. However, tides strongly influence regional transport changes through specific straits and seas, and regulate the distribution of the ITF among them. The study highlights the importance of explicitly considering tides in Earth system models to accurately simulate the ITF pathway and tracer transport into the Indian Ocean.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David Byrne, Jeff Polton, Joseph Ribeiro, Liam Fernand, Jason Holt
Summary: A well-designed observing network is vital for improving ocean understanding and future predictions. This paper presents a new method based on set theory to design near-optimal observing networks. The method provides representation across different length scales and efficiently targets resources to regions with shorter scales, resulting in consistent data reconstruction.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
B. L. Townhill, Y. Artioli, J. K. Pinnegar, S. N. R. Birchenough
Summary: Ocean acidification is a highly studied topic in climate change due to its direct and indirect impacts on species, ecosystems, and economies. Challenges remain in incorporating pH ranges and variability into experiments and analyzing ecosystem-level impacts. Models and experiments need to be better aligned to determine the effects of future pH levels on commercially exploited species.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jason Holt, James Harle, Sarah Wakelin, Jenny Jardine, Joanne Hopkins
Summary: This study reevaluates the theory of coastal ocean mixing and demonstrates through simulations that temperature rise leading to increased expansivity can consistently result in increased seasonal stratification. This simple link helps to reduce uncertainty in projections of key parameters in seas around the world.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jeff Polton, James Harle, Jason Holt, Anna Katavouta, Dale Partridge, Jenny Jardine, Sarah Wakelin, Julia Rulent, Anthony Wise, Katherine Hutchinson, David Byrne, Diego Bruciaferri, Enda O'Dea, Michela De Dominicis, Pierre Mathiot, Andrew Coward, Andrew Yool, Julien Palmieri, Gennadi Lessin, Claudia Gabriela Mayorga-Adame, Valerie Le Guennec, Alex Arnold, Clement Rousset
Summary: This paper presents fundamental principles and practices for generating bespoke regional ocean modelling configurations. It emphasizes the importance of reproducibility and standardized assessment, and provides guidance for each component of the build process. The aim is to expand the user community skill base and accelerate the development of new configurations.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2023)