Why might stratospheric sudden warmings occur with similar frequency in El Niño and La Niña winters?

Observed connection between stratospheric sudden warmings and the Madden-Julian Oscillation

(2012) Chaim I. Garfinkel et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

On the influence of North Pacific sea surface temperature on the Arctic winter climate

(2012) M. M. Hurwitz et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

El Niño, La Niña, and stratospheric sudden warmings: A reevaluation in light of the observational record

(2011) Amy H. Butler et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Tropospheric Precursors and Stratospheric Warmings

(2011) Judah Cohen et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

MERRA: NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications

(2011) Michele M. Rienecker et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

The structure and evolution of the stratospheric vortex in response to natural forcings

(2011) D. M. Mitchell et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

Cooling of the wintertime Arctic stratosphere induced by the western Pacific teleconnection pattern

(2010) Kazuaki Nishii et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Tropospheric Precursors of Anomalous Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortices

(2010) Chaim I. Garfinkel et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Assessment of the breakup of the Antarctic polar vortex in two new chemistry-climate models

(2010) M. M. Hurwitz et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

Influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation on the North Pacific and El Niño teleconnections

(2010) C. I. Garfinkel et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

Associations between stratospheric variability and tropospheric blocking

(2010) T. Woollings et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

Stratospheric Communication of El Niño Teleconnections to European Winter

(2009) C. J. Bell et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

A CCM simulation of the breakup of the Antarctic polar vortex in the years 1980–2004 under the CCMVal scenarios

(2009) H. Akiyoshi et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

Observed El Niño–Southern Oscillation temperature signal in the stratosphere

(2009) Melissa Free et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

Modulations in the planetary wave field induced by upward-propagating Rossby wave packets prior to stratospheric sudden warming events: A case-study

(2009) Kazuaki Nishii et al.   QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY

Different ENSO teleconnections and their effects on the stratospheric polar vortex

(2008) C. I. Garfinkel et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

The role of the stratosphere in the European climate response to El Niño

(2008) S. Ineson et al.   Nature Geoscience