Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
M. Schanner, S. Mauerberger, M. Korte, M. Holschneider
Summary: The study extends the previous archeomagnetic field modeling concept to the temporal domain by introducing a space-time correlation kernel, and reduces uncertainties and translates variability into posterior variance by marginalizing hyperparameters. Results from applying the method to archeomagnetic data show less variation in the dipole compared to previous models, but are generally in agreement with previous findings.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jonathan H. Lee, Xudong Sun, Maria D. Kazachenko
Summary: The study of the evolution of strong-field BPs during the most intense flare of solar cycle 24 showed that the central BP largely disintegrated within 35 minutes, while the southern BP survived, indicating a change in magnetic topology.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shinichi Fukahori, Atsushi Iwasaki, Kaoru Yamanouchi, Hirokazu Hasegawa
Summary: This study examines the dependence of single and double ionization probabilities of NO radical on the angle between the NO axis and the laser polarization direction in an intense laser field. The results show that the double ionization is enhanced when the NO axis is parallel to the laser polarization direction. It is also revealed that the angular dependence of sequential double ionization probability is determined by the shape of the 5 sigma orbital of NO+.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shivaprasad Gadag, Reema Narayan, Yogendra Nayak, Sanjay Garg, Usha Y. Nayak
Summary: This study developed a transdermal patch of resveratrol (RVT) for site-specific delivery in breast cancer therapy. The patch containing HPMC E15LV, HPMC-K4M, and PVP K30 as release controlling polymers showed the best permeation of RVT. In vivo studies demonstrated higher breast tissue disposition and reduced tumor volume and serum CA 15-3 levels compared to oral administration of RVT.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nais Fargette, Benoit Lavraud, Alexis P. Rouillard, Victor Reville, Thierry Dudok De Wit, Clara Froment, Jasper S. Halekas, Tai D. Phan, David M. Malaspina, Stuart D. Bale, Justin C. Kasper, Philippe Louarn, Anthony W. Case, Kelly E. Korreck, Davin E. Larson, Marc Pulupa, Michael L. Stevens, Phyllis L. Whittlesey, Matthieu Berthomier
Summary: Switchbacks are Alfvenic structures in the solar wind associated with large variations or reversals of the radial magnetic field. They are believed to originate from magnetic reconnection processes in the low solar atmosphere or turbulence in the solar wind. The occurrence and characteristics of switchbacks seem to be related to the source region of the solar wind and may be modulated by the convection pattern on the solar surface.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Theresia Yazbeck, Gil Bohrer, Chante' Vines, Frederik De Roo, Matthias Mauder, Bhavik Bakshi
Summary: Denser canopies and canopy stripes lead to increased total deposition, with canopy stripes showing higher per leaf area deposition compared to homogeneous canopies. The canopy-induced turbulence structures enhance the interaction between air layers, improving the effectiveness of leaf area deposition.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
I. Sereda, Ya. Hrechko, M. Azarenkov
Summary: This work focuses on the features of a transient plasma formation near a Zr50V50 metal hydride, which is used for protecting the sample from melting by releasing stored hydrogen. The study shows that the current to the metal hydride element can be several times higher than the initial current of the primary plasma source.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ziyan Chen, Jian Shi, Qinyu Liu, Hui Chen, Chun Li
Summary: This study analyzes the persistent 2019-2020 marine heatwave and its climate effects, finding four sea surface temperature peaks in the Northeast Pacific, with different warm core structures at various depths. The two wintertime peaks are mainly influenced by surface heat flux anomalies, while the spring peak may be induced by a combination of heat flux and vertical mixing.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jorge A. Villa, Yang Ju, Theresia Yazbeck, Sarah Waldo, Kelly C. Wrighton, Gil Bohrer
Summary: Measurements of methane fluxes in different ecohydrological patches within a temperate freshwater marsh revealed significant differences, with emissions being influenced by emergent vegetation. Diffusive and ebullitive fluxes varied among patches, with water levels impacting overall fluxes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chengyi Li, Xilai Li, Yuanwu Yang, Yan Shi, Jing Zhang
Summary: The successional stages of recovering bare patches play a crucial role in carbon cycling and sequestration in alpine grasslands. The succession of recovering bare patches increases ecosystem respiration and promotes carbon sequestration function, with higher gross primary productivity observed at later successional stages. Restoring vegetation in bare patches is important for predicting carbon balance and implementing sustainable grassland management strategies.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
H. Hasegawa, A. Matsuda, T. Morishita, L. B. Madsen, F. Jensen, O. I. Tolstikhin, A. Hishikawa
Summary: Directional fragment ejection from a tetrahedral molecule CH4 under two-color laser fields has been studied. The H+ fragment, as well as the low kinetic energy components of the Coulomb explosion, preferentially ejects on the larger amplitude side of the laser electric fields. On the other hand, high energy components and the H-2(+) ion show opposite directional ejection.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jiangchao Qian, Xiaoming Zhai, Zhaomin Wang, Markus Jochum
Summary: This study investigates the distribution and long-term trend of wind power input to near-inertial motions in the Southern Ocean using a global ocean-sea ice model. The results reveal a zonally asymmetric distribution of this power input, with the South Indian Ocean having the strongest input and the South Pacific having the weakest. Furthermore, there is a significant positive trend in this input over the past four decades, primarily driven by the intensification of mesoscale weather systems.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liuqing Zhang, Y. Jun Xu, Bingjie Ma, Ping Jiang, Siyue Li
Summary: Urban lakes are important sources of methane emissions, especially in highly-eutrophic areas. This study measured methane concentrations and diffusion from four urban lakes in subtropical China and found that nutrient enrichment significantly increased methane concentrations and fluxes. It also revealed that urban sewage inflow is a key factor in promoting methane production and diffusive emissions. The study highlights the need for effective control measures to reduce methane emissions from urban lakes.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Massimiliano Berti, Zineb Hassainia, Nader Masmoudi
Summary: This paper proves the existence of time quasi-periodic vortex patch solutions of the 2d-Euler equations close to uniformly rotating Kirchhoff elliptical vortices. The problem is reformulated into a quasi-linear Hamiltonian equation and the presence of a zero normal mode frequency poses a major difficulty. The key novelty is to perform a perturbative symplectic reduction of the angular momentum, introducing it as a symplectic variable in the spirit of the Darboux-Caratheodory theorem.
INVENTIONES MATHEMATICAE
(2023)
Article
Optics
Siddhant Das, Ward Struyve
Summary: Experimental data show that some time-of-arrival probability distributions do not exhibit the expected behavior, leading to doubts about the physical adequacy of these proposals, while the quantum flux distribution demonstrates the expected behavior.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
P. Alken, E. Thebault, C. D. Beggan, H. Amit, J. Aubert, J. Baerenzung, T. N. Bondar, W. J. Brown, S. Califf, A. Chambodut, A. Chulliat, G. A. Cox, C. C. Finlay, A. Fournier, N. Gillet, A. Grayver, M. D. Hammer, M. Holschneider, L. Huder, G. Hulot, T. Jager, C. Kloss, M. Korte, W. Kuang, A. Kuvshinov, B. Langlais, J. -M. Leger, V. Lesur, P. W. Livermore, F. J. Lowes, S. Macmillan, W. Magnes, M. Mandea, S. Marsal, J. Matzka, M. C. Metman, T. Minami, A. Morschhauser, J. E. Mound, M. Nair, S. Nakano, N. Olsen, F. J. Pavon-Carrasco, V. G. Petrov, G. Ropp, M. Rother, T. J. Sabaka, S. Sanchez, D. Saturnino, N. R. Schnepf, X. Shen, C. Stolle, A. Tangborn, L. Toffner-Clausen, H. Toh, J. M. Torta, J. Varner, F. Vervelidou, P. Vigneron, I. Wardinski, J. Wicht, A. Woods, Y. Yang, Z. Zeren, B. Zhou
Summary: The IAGA V-MOD working group adopted the thirteenth generation of the IGRF in December 2019, which includes definitive main field models for epoch 2015.0 and 2020.0, as well as predictive linear secular variations for 2020.0 to 2025.0. This update provides equations, spherical harmonic coefficients, and maps for magnetic parameters and their predicted changes from 2020.0 to 2025.0.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Rother, M. Korte, A. Morschhauser, F. Vervelidou, J. Matzka, C. Stolle
Summary: The GFZ candidate field models for IGRF-13 were derived from the Mag.num.IGRF13 geomagnetic core field model, constrained by Swarm satellite and ground observatory data. The model parameters were obtained using an iteratively reweighted inversion scheme, with a root mean square misfit in the order of 3-5 nT. The time-varying core field and smooth secular variation makes it suitable for the IGRF, with significant findings related to the South Atlantic Anomaly.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Christopher J. Davies, Richard K. Bono, Domenico G. Meduri, Julien Aubert, Samuel Greenwood, Andrew J. Biggin
Summary: The researchers investigate the variation of Earth's magnetic field strength over geological time by combining numerical geodynamo simulations with theoretical scaling laws. They find that both scaling laws, despite uncertainties from different heating modes and boundary conditions, are compatible with the power-law behavior exhibited by the internal field and core-mantle boundary fields. The QG-MAC-free scaling matches Earth's modern CMB field, while the QG-MAC-fixed prediction overestimates palaeointensities over the last 3.5 Gyr.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jiawei Gao, Monika Korte, Sanja Panovska, Zhaojin Rong, Yong Wei
Summary: This study investigates the geomagnetic cutoff rigidity during the Laschamps excursion using a high-resolution continuous geomagnetic field model. The results show that the exposure of Earth's atmosphere to energetic particles is high and independent of latitude when the geomagnetic field is weak and not dipole-dominated anymore.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Emmanuel Nahayo, Monika Korte
Summary: A regional harmonic spline geomagnetic main field model, SACFM-3, is derived for the southern African region using Swarm satellite and ground-based data. The model shows a steady decrease of the radial component and field intensity in almost the entire region, with higher rates of decrease in the western part. The study also reveals a noticeable decrease of field intensity from the south-western coast of South Africa, indicating the expansion of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) area.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
M. Schanner, M. Korte, M. Holschneider
Summary: We propose a global geomagnetic field model, ArchKalmag14k, based on thermoremanent records for the last 14 thousand years. The model is constructed by modifying existing algorithms and sequentializing the inversion process. Uncertainty estimates that vary in space and time are provided. The model shows less variation in large-scale degrees compared to comparable models. Local predictions represent the underlying data and uncertainty is higher for earlier times and regions with sparse data coverage. The model is used to analyze the appearance and evolution of the South Atlantic anomaly and reverse flux patches at the core-mantle boundary, considering uncertainty. While good agreement with earlier models is found for recent times, the model suggests a different evolution of intensity minima prior to 1650 CE. In general, data is insufficient to support global models before 6000 BCE.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
K. Gwirtz, T. Davis, M. Morzfeld, C. Constable, A. Fournier, G. Hulot
Summary: This article explores the feasibility of using machine learning techniques to identify precursors of geomagnetic reversals. Through testing with different models and observational records, it is found that the current techniques are not capable of reliably identifying precursors, mainly due to limited data and low frequency resolution.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolas Gillet, Felix Gerick, Dominique Jault, Tobias Schwaiger, Julien Aubert, Mathieu Istas
Summary: The Earth's magnetic field displays variations on a broad range of time scales. Through satellite monitoring, we have gained more knowledge about the rapid physical processes in the Earth's outer core. We have identified nonaxisymmetric wavelike patterns in the equatorial region of the core surface, which have large spatial scales and interannual periods of approximately 7 years.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Julien Aubert, Philip W. Livermore, Christopher C. Finlay, Alexandre Fournier, Nicolas Gillet
Summary: By analyzing numerical geodynamo simulation and comparing with actual observations, it is found that geomagnetic jerks originate from the interaction between slow convection and rapid hydromagnetic wave propagation in the Earth's outer core. The simulation results support the hypothesis that the emission of magneto-inertial waves following a disruption of the leading-order force balance is the single physical root cause for jerks observed throughout the geomagnetic record.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiawei Gao, Monika Korte, Sanja Panovska, Zhaojin Rong, Yong Wei
Summary: The geomagnetic field plays a crucial role in shielding the Earth from energetic particles. Over the last 100,000 years, geomagnetic excursions have occurred, leading to changes in the field strength and morphology. By using paleomagnetic field models, researchers are able to reconstruct the geomagnetic shielding effect and gain insights into the long-term evolution of the Earth's magnetic field.
JOURNAL OF SPACE WEATHER AND SPACE CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
I Michaelis, K. Styp-Rekowski, J. Rauberg, C. Stolle, M. Korte
Summary: The GOCE satellite, part of ESA's Earth Explorer Program, carries magnetometers for navigation and scientific research on Earth's magnetic field. Pre-processing, calibration, and characterisation steps are performed on the magnetic data to remove artificial perturbations and show the natural evolution and variability of the magnetic field. The data demonstrate good agreement with ground observations and are expected to be useful for lithospheric modelling.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kevin Styp-Rekowski, Ingo Michaelis, Claudia Stolle, Julien Baerenzung, Monika Korte, Odej Kao
Summary: A machine learning-based approach is proposed in this study to calibrate platform magnetometers using neural networks, improving the quality of magnetic field observations. The calibrated data can be used for reconstructing lithospheric field, observing geomagnetic storms, and improving geomagnetic field models.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Monika Korte, Catherine G. Constable, Christopher J. Davies, Sanja Panovska
Summary: There is a longstanding controversy about whether the influence of lateral variations in core-mantle boundary heat flow can be detected in paleomagnetic records of geomagnetic field behavior. Recent studies have found that the distribution of virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) paths may not provide useful information about the influence of thermal structure on the geodynamo, as VGP correlations depend strongly on good spatial sampling. However, rough correlations between the global distribution of minimum field intensity and areas outside large low seismic velocity areas (LLVPs) suggest mantle control during excursions.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Julien Aubert
Summary: Our understanding of the geodynamo has advanced recently thanks to improved geomagnetic data and realistic numerical simulations. Using a sequential, ensemble-based framework, high-resolution geomagnetic field models are assimilated into a numerical geodynamo simulation, resulting in an estimate of the present state and dynamics of Earth's core. The simulations accurately reproduce known features of the geodynamo, and the convective power is estimated at 2.95 +/- 0.2 TW. These physically realistic models allow for the study of deep Earth properties through geomagnetic data assimilation.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Christopher C. C. Finlay, Nicolas Gillet, Julien Aubert, Philip W. W. Livermore, Dominique Jault
Summary: The turbulent motions of liquid metal in Earth's outer core generate the geomagnetic field. Observations and simulations have shown that the present-day core motions are dominated by a planetary-scale gyre, a jet in the northern polar region, and waves involving the magnetic field. In this review, we explore the dynamics of these core features and discuss their impact on the Earth's magnetism and rotation.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
