Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. M. Davis, R. Damadeo, D. Flittner, K. H. Rosenlof, M. Park, W. J. Randel, E. G. Hall, D. Huber, D. F. Hurst, A. F. Jordan, S. Kizer, L. F. Millan, H. Selkirk, G. Taha, K. A. Walker, H. Vomel
Summary: The study evaluated the quality of the SAGE III/ISS beta version 5.1 WV retrieval and recommended data quality screening criteria, finding high quality water vapor measurements overall. Low quality profiles were mainly attributed to retrieval instabilities and aerosol/cloud interferences. After screening, SAGE III/ISS WV showed good agreement with independent satellite and balloon-based measurements.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fernando Iglesias-Suarez, Oliver Wild, Douglas E. Kinnison, Rolando R. Garcia, Daniel R. Marsh, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Edmund M. Ryan, Sean M. Davis, Roland Eichinger, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Paul J. Young
Summary: Observations and modeling suggest an acceleration of the stratospheric Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC) driven by climate change and ozone depletion. However, natural variability can impede detection of these changes. By accounting for Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO)-like variability in the BDC, a trend of approximately 7%-10% dec(-1) was modeled over 1979-2010. Sea surface temperatures explain up to 50% of simulated decadal variability in tropical mid-stratospheric ozone.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tomasz Aleksander Mis, Jozef Modelski, Maciej Ciuba
Summary: This paper investigates the inception of lightning strikes in VLF antenna balloon missions and experiments on the properties of latex materials and linear antenna models. Through high-voltage experiments, the performance of talc cover and the basic characteristics of lightning forms are presented, along with proposed design requirements and constraints to protect balloon missions from lightning strikes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianhu Wang, Juan Li, Jiyuan Yin, Wei Tan, Yuchen Liu
Summary: This study evaluates the contributions of the steric effect and dynamic process to sea level variations in the Tropical Pacific Ocean using satellite altimeter data, temperature and salinity data, and a reduced gravity model. It finds that both the steric effect and dynamic process play a significant role in seasonal and interannual to decadal sea level variations, particularly in the eastern and northwestern regions of the TPO.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chao Liu, Wenjun Zhang, Fei-Fei Jin, Malte F. Stuecker, Licheng Geng
Summary: Quasi-decadal climate variability has been observed in the tropical Pacific based on 70 years of data. This variability is similar to the Central Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), but extends to higher latitudes in the subtropical Pacific. Nonlinear dynamical heating, primarily from strong El Nino events, is found to be the main driver of this variability, leading the sea surface temperatures by a quarter of its dominant period. This suggests that the observed quasi-decadal variability is fundamentally different from the oscillatory nature of ENSO.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shuangwen Sun, Yue Fang, Yongcan Zu, Baochao Liu
Summary: The thermocline depth in the tropical Indian Ocean has undergone drastic decadal variations in recent decades. Seasonal differences in thermocline depth anomalies are modulated by two major modes. These modes have increased in amplitude in the twenty-first century and are influenced by surface wind variations and ENSO-like SST anomalies in the Pacific Ocean.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul Halas, Jeremie Mouginot, Basile de Fleurian, Petra M. Langebroek
Summary: By tracking feature displacement in satellite images, it has been found that surface runoff affects the average ice flow of Greenland. Seasonal fluctuations have an impact on observed velocities up to 15% and can affect decadal trends. However, the magnitude of this fluctuation confirms the general slowdown observed during 2000-2012. Between 2012 and 2019, there was significant re-acceleration of low-lying glaciers tongue, but velocity trends elsewhere were insignificant and not spatially consistent. A more selective approach to recovering velocity trends using satellite imagery is proposed.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bing Cao, Jennifer S. Haase, Michael J. Murphy, M. Joan Alexander, Martina Bramberger, Albert Hertzog
Summary: Current climate models struggle with representing wave-mean flow interactions, due in part to limited understanding of waves with fine vertical scales. To address this, Strateole-2 superpressure balloons equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been used for high-resolution equatorial wave observations. The results show the potential to improve climate models by providing valuable data on Kelvin waves and gravity waves.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, Krzysztof Wargan, Jacquelyn C. Witte, Debra E. Kollonige, Jerald R. Ziemke
Summary: This study used Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) data to analyze the variability of free tropospheric (FT) and lowermost stratosphere (LMS) ozone across different tropical sites. Results showed marked seasonal variability in both FT and LMS ozone trends, with differences among stations. The research also suggested that the decline in tropical LMS ozone reported in recent satellite-based studies may be attributed to a perturbed tropopause rather than chemical depletion.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zhaolu Hou, Jianping Li, Ruiqiang Ding, Jie Feng
Summary: The predictability of El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) varies on decadal timescales, and studying observational/reanalysis data is crucial due to the limitations of models. The seasonal predictability limit (PL) of sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Pacific region is determined by the error growth rate and the saturation value of relative error, with distinct spatial and temporal variations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rasa Janusaite, Darius Jarmalavicius, Laurynas Jukna, Gintautas Zilinskas, Donatas Pupienis
Summary: This study assessed the cross-shore nearshore bar behavior on a wave-dominated coast using satellite-derived data. The results showed interannual and seasonal variations in offshore and onshore bar migration rates. The study also identified differences in bar cycle return periods and migration rates along the coast. The findings highlight the importance of local wave climate and shoreline orientation in shaping the morphological and temporal variability of the multi-bar system.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Juan Li, Wei Tan, Wenjin Sun, Lina Yang, Lei Lin, Qingjun Fu
Summary: This paper evaluates the different timescale contributions to sea-level variation in the South China Sea (SCS). The large variance of the sea-level anomaly can account for over 70% of the monthly sea-level variation in specific areas. On the interannual-to-decadal timescale, there are two large-value regions with different dominating factors. The decadal variation is influenced by ENSO and PDO, while the interannual variation is controlled by the SCS summer monsoon.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gisele Krysztofiak, Valery Catoire, Thierry Dudok de Wit, Douglas E. Kinnison, A. R. Ravishankara, Vanessa Brocchi, Elliot Atlas, Heiko Bozem, Roisin Commane, Francesco D'Amato, Bruce Daube, Glenn S. Diskin, Andreas Engel, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Eric Hintsa, Dale F. Hurst, Peter Hoor, Fabrice Jegou, Kenneth W. Jucks, Armin Kleinboehl, Harry Kuellmann, Eric A. Kort, Kathryn McKain, Fred L. Moore, Florian Obersteiner, Yenny Gonzalez Ramos, Tanja Schuck, Geoffrey C. Toon, Silvia Viciani, Gerald Wetzel, Jonathan Williams, Steven C. Wofsy
Summary: This study examines the trends in N2O concentration from the middle troposphere to the middle stratosphere using in situ and remote sensing observations. It finds a long-term increase in global N2O concentration in the MTMS from 1987 to 2018.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karanam Kishore Kumar, K. Subrahmanyam, B. Suneel Kumar, K. Suneeth, M. Pramitha, N. Koushik, N. Nagedra, G. Stalin Peter
Summary: This article discusses the preliminary results of an experiment conducted at a tropical station in India using a balloon-borne observation instrument. By measuring the altitude of the balloon and the pressure, wind speed, and temperature at different positions, the intrinsic frequency spectrum of atmospheric gravity waves can be estimated. This experiment has not only opened up a new avenue for studying stratospheric gravity wave dynamics but also contributes to the exploration of horizontal mapping of stratospheric trace gases.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Bohua Huang, Chul-Su Shin, Arun Kumar, Michelle L'Heureux, Magdalena A. Balmaseda
Summary: The study examined the temporal variations of ENSO prediction skill from 1958-2016 in relation to the evolution of the tropical Pacific subsurface ocean observing system. Results showed an increase in skill during 1995-2005 influenced by the observing system, but the impact was difficult to quantify during 2006-2016. Spatial correlation skill was determined by the magnitude of observed SST, and variations in prediction skill before and after 1979 were attributed to changes in verifying SST properties. Climate variations in SST at decadal scales may mask the potential impacts of the observing system.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
E. J. Jensen, Laura L. Pan, Shawn Honomichl, Glenn S. Diskin, Martina Kraemer, Nicole Spelten, Gebhard Guenther, Dale F. Hurst, Masatomo Fujiwara, Holger Voemel, Henry B. Selkirk, Junko Suzuki, Michael J. Schwartz, Jessica B. Smith
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rolf Philipona, Andreas Kraeuchi, Rigel Kivi, Thomas Peter, Martin Wild, Ruud Dirksen, Masatomo Fujiwara, Miho Sekiguchi, Dale F. Hurst, Ralf Becker
METEOROLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. -Y. Ogino, K. Miyazaki, M. Fujiwara, M. I. Nodzu, M. Shiotani, F. Hasebe, J. Matsumoto, J. Witte, A. M. Thompson, H. A. Nguyen-Thi, T. V. Nguyen
Summary: The study indicates that the enhancement of lower tropospheric ozone concentration in Hanoi during spring is mainly influenced by precursor emissions from biomass burning in the inland Indochina Peninsula. Polluted air mainly originates from the western region of Hanoi, while clean air mainly comes from the eastern oceanic area.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. Iwasaki, T. Yamaguchi
Summary: This study analyzed satellite images to observe and understand the characteristics and microphysics of jumping cirrus (JC). The results showed that JC is isolated above the anvil cloud and transports a significant amount of water vapor from the troposphere into the stratosphere. The study also provided information on the effective radius and ice water content of JC, as well as analyzed the best satellite geometry for detecting and measuring JC.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Mubashar Dogar, Leon Hermanson, Adam A. Scaife, Daniele Visioni, Ming Zhao, Ibrahim Hoteit, Hans-F Graf, Muhammad Ahmad Dogar, Mansour Almazroui, Masatomo Fujiwara
Summary: Understanding the influence of volcanism on ENSO and its climatic impacts is important. Most studies suggest that there is a consensus that explosive eruptions can lead to El Nino-like SST response during the eruption year and a La Nina-like response a few years later. However, there are still concerns and uncertainties about the ENSO-volcano link, as the response seems sensitive to various factors. More research and observational records are needed to fully understand the impact of extratropical volcanism on ENSO, especially regarding the post-eruption winter warming.
EARTH SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shunsuke Hoshino, Takuji Sugidachi, Kensaku Shimizu, Eriko Kobayashi, Masatomo Fujiwara, Masami Iwabuchi
Summary: A total of 99 dual soundings were conducted at the Aerological Observatory of the Japan Meteorological Agency, comparing the performance of Meisei iMS-100 radiosonde and Vaisala RS92 radiosonde. The study found differences in temperature and relative humidity measurements, but overall the data from both radiosondes were consistent.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Varaha Ravi Kiran, Madineni Venkat Ratnam, Masatomo Fujiwara, Herman Russchenberg, Frank G. Wienhold, Bomidi Lakshmi Madhavan, Mekalathur Roja Raman, Renju Nandan, Sivan Thankamani Akhil Raj, Alladi Hemanth Kumar, Saginela Ravindra Babu
Summary: A better understanding of aerosol-cloud interaction processes is important to quantify the role of clouds and aerosols on the climate system. This study proposes and conducts a series of observational field campaigns using balloon-borne in situ measurements to discriminate between aerosol and cloud and quantify aerosol-cloud interactions.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
T. Hanh Nguyen, Kentaro Ishijima, Satoshi Sugawara, Fumio Hasebe
Summary: The study investigated stratospheric profiles of the mean age of air using the BIER method and Lagrangian backward trajectories, with the aid of ACTM. The Lagrangian method reproduces the CO2 age profile reasonably well, while the SF6 age profile is only reproducible in the lower stratosphere, possibly due to the influence of diffusive processes.
JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Masatomo Fujiwara, Tetsu Sakai, Tomohiro Nagai, Koichi Shiraishi, Yoichi Inai, Sergey Khaykin, Haosen Xi, Takashi Shibata, Masato Shiotani, Laura L. Pan
Summary: The study found that eastward air-mass transport from the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) anticyclone carries solid aerosol particles, which were observed by lidar systems in Japan. The aerosol enhancements are likely related to eastward-shedding vortices, rather than volcanic eruptions or forest fires.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yoshio Kawatani, Toshihiko Hirooka, Kevin Hamilton, Anne K. Smith, Masatomo Fujiwara
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Fabio Madonna, Rigel Kivi, Jean-Charles Dupont, Bruce Ingleby, Masatomo Fujiwara, Gonzague Romanens, Miguel Hernandez, Xavier Calbet, Marco Rosoldi, Aldo Giunta, Tomi Karppinen, Masami Iwabuchi, Shunsuke Hoshino, Christoph von Rohden, Peter W. Thorne
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Masatomo Fujiwara, Patrick Martineau, Jonathon S. Wright
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)