Article
Remote Sensing
Subin Jose
Summary: This study investigates the role of aerosol types in modulating warm cloud microphysics over the north Indian Ocean. The findings suggest that under stable and dry atmospheric conditions, dust aerosols have a predominant role in reversing the first indirect effect.
REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Linnea Huusko, Angshuman Modak, Thorsten Mauritsen
Summary: This study using climate model simulations finds that the temperature response induced by aerosol-cloud interactions is larger than that directly induced by aerosols. The cooling effect of aerosol-cloud interactions occurs primarily over remote oceans in the extratropics, while the impact of aerosol emissions is localized around emission sources over tropical land.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jie Yang, Chuanfeng Zhao, Yue Sun, Yulei Chi, Yikun Yang
Summary: This study investigates the relationships between aerosol optical depth (AOD) and cloud properties, as well as the aerosol first indirect effect (FIE), using 10-year observation data. The results show that aerosols have a significant impact on cloud droplets and cloud radiative effects, especially when AOD is low and liquid water path is high.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sajani Surendran, K. V. Ajay Anand, Suraj Ravindran, Kavirajan Rajendran
Summary: Evaluation of century-long simulations of the CESM shows the model's ability to capture characteristics related to aerosols, clouds, convection, rainfall, and circulation over India during the summer monsoon season. The simulations reveal that aerosols have an indirect effect on warming the atmosphere and exacerbating the severity of breaks in the summer monsoon season, with dust aerosols playing a significant role.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
S. V. Pavlov, E. O. Kozhevnikova, S. A. Kislenko
Summary: In this study, the kinetics of outer-sphere electron transfer at graphene with different number of layers in the presence and absence of metal substrates were theoretically investigated. It was found that the electrocatalytic activity of the metal substrate for few-layer graphene can be explained under the assumption of nonadiabatic electron transfer. However, electron transfer at the metal-supported single-layer graphene is likely adiabatic. The enhanced electron transfer in the presence of the metal substrate is explained by the hybridization of the metal and graphene electronic states, which provides more efficient interaction of the metal substrate with the reactant near the graphene surface.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Michele Delvecchio, Francesco Petiziol, Sandro Wimberger
Summary: The study shows that the performance of accelerated adiabaticity following in the presence of static errors, dissipative and dephasing phenomena depends highly on the sweep function used, which may not be the case in noise-free environments. These findings are important for the experimental implementation of robust shortcuts-to-adiabaticity techniques for quantum system control.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Deanna C. Myers, Michael J. Lawler, Roy L. Mauldin, Steven Sjostedt, Manvendra Dubey, Jonathan Abbatt, James N. Smith
Summary: Indirect measurements of size-resolved ultrafine particle composition conducted during the Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Snowpack (OASIS) Campaign in Utqiagvik, Alaska, revealed particles with different compositions and characteristics, suggesting that marine influence plays a significant role in initiating ultrafine particle formation events in the Arctic late-winter.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Optics
X. Shi, H. Q. Zhao
Summary: The shortcut to adiabaticity (STA) is a powerful technique for speeding up population transfer via quantum coherent control. Compared to stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, STA provides faster, more robust, and efficient population transfer. In an ideal closed system, STA is insensitive to detunings and Rabi frequencies, and undesired diabatic transitions can be eliminated by auxiliary pulses.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yanqing Zhang, Yi Gao, Liangchen Guo, Meigen Zhang
Summary: The study found that aerosol direct and indirect effects change the distribution of rainfall in Beijing, especially in urban areas. Aerosol direct effect increases rainfall intensity in Beijing while aerosol indirect effect decreases the amount of rainfall.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
William DeRocco, Shalma Wegsman, Brian Grefenstette, Junwu Huang, Ken Van Tilburg
Summary: Axions with keV masses can be produced within the Solar core, some of which are trapped in stable orbits. By observing the Sun with the NuSTAR x-ray telescope, the first constraints on these solar axion regions have been set.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiurun Yu, Yi Huang
Summary: The all-sky Aerosol Direct Radiative Effect (ADRE) varies considerably among global climate models (GCMs) due to differences in aerosol and atmospheric states and the sensitivity of ADRE to aerosol-related radiative processes. This study uses a regression method to analyze the inter-model spread of ADRE in the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects (CMIP6), finding that differences in state variables and radiative sensitivity explain a significant portion of the global ADRE anomaly. The primary factors driving the ADRE anomaly vary among models, leading to spatial variance in global ADRE spread.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilias Fountoulakis, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Emmanouil Proestakis, Vassilis Amiridis, Charalampos Kontoes, Stelios Kazadzis
Summary: Default aerosol extinction coefficient profiles are commonly used instead of measured profiles in radiative transfer modeling, increasing the uncertainties in the simulations. The present study aimed to determine the magnitude of these uncertainties and contribute towards the understanding of the complex interactions between aerosols and solar radiation. Using measured instead of default profiles for the simulations led to more significant differences in the atmosphere, especially during dust episodes.
Article
Optics
Hung-Ching Chung, Guan-Xun Lu, Shuo-Yen Tseng
Summary: We introduce adiabaticity engineering in coupled waveguide devices to achieve shortcuts to adiabaticity in multi-wavelength systems. The designed silicon polarization splitter-rotator exhibits high extinction ratios and a large operating bandwidth.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Joseph Robinson, Lyatt Jaegle, Luke D. Oman
Summary: This study examines the distribution of aerosol optical depth (AOD) in midlatitude cyclones in the northern hemisphere from 2005 to 2018 using MODIS retrievals. The results show that AOD is significantly enhanced in the warm conveyor belt (WCB) airstream, with fine mode AOD accounting for the majority of the enhancement. Coarse mode AOD is greatly enhanced near the center of the cyclone, coinciding with high surface wind speeds. The M2GMI simulations reproduce the magnitude and seasonality of the MODIS AOD composites and enhancements, showing the dominance of sulfate and organic aerosols in the WCB.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuan Cheng, Qin-qin Yu, Jiu-meng Liu, Shengqiang Zhu, Mengyuan Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, Bo Zheng, Ke-bin He
Summary: This study investigated the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution in Harbin during the heating season, finding that the model significantly underpredicted open burning emissions and organic carbon, while overestimating vehicle emissions. The impact of levoglucosan concentration on nitrate simulation was pronounced, showing a transition from negative to positive values with increasing levoglucosan. Open burning had a significant influence on nitrate and sulfate formation.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Stephen E. Schwartz, Dong Huang, Daniela Viviana Vladutescu
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2017)
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Stephen E. Schwartz
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Stephen E. Schwartz
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2018)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Stephen E. Schwartz
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephen E. Schwartz
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Derek A. Bruzewicz, Antonio Checco, Benjamin M. Ocko, Ernie R. Lewis, Robert L. McGraw, Stephen E. Schwartz
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2011)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Stephen E. Schwartz, Robert J. Charlson, Ralph A. Kahn, John A. Ogren, Henning Rodhe
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2010)
Editorial Material
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Stephen E. Schwartz, Robert J. Charlson, Ralph A. Kahn, John A. Ogren, Henning Rodhe
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2012)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Joseph Michalsky, Frederick Denn, Connor Flynn, Gary Hodges, Piotr Kiedron, Annette Koontz, James Schlemmer, Stephen E. Schwartz
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2010)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Gerrit de Leeuw, Edgar L. Andreas, Magdalena D. Anguelova, C. W. Fairall, Ernie R. Lewis, Colin O'Dowd, Michael Schulz, Stephen E. Schwartz
REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2011)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Stephen E. Schwartz
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2012)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bjorn Stevens, Stephen E. Schwartz
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2012)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephen E. Schwartz, Robert J. Charlson, Ralph Kahn, Henning Rodhe
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lennart Bengtsson, Stephen E. Schwartz
TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY
(2013)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Steven C. Sherwood, Alex Sen Gupta, Stephen E. Schwartz
Summary: The feasibility of achieving the Paris 1.5 C-circle target is a complex and debated question. A study used a Bayesian approach and a simple Earth system model to calculate the probability distributions of committed warming under different emission scenarios. The analysis shows a wide range of outcomes, with uncertainties mainly attributed to aerosol forcing.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)