Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Cazorla, Edgar Herrera
Summary: In this study, ozone profiles from ozonesondes launched in the Andean region were used to evaluate satellite measurements of ozone in the tropics. The results show that OMPS/Suomi NPP provides the closest comparison to the ozonesondes for total column ozone (TCO), followed by OMI/Aura. TROPOMI/S5P, despite its high spatial resolution, overpredicts TCO and tropospheric column ozone (TrCO). MERRA-2 performs better than CAMS in reproducing the ozonesondes measurements for TCO and TrCO.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Shrivardhan Hulswar, Prajakta Mohite, Vijay K. Soni, Anoop S. Mahajan
Summary: In-situ ozonesonde observations from nine Antarctic stations were used to validate satellite-based Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument data from 2004 to 2019. The study found good agreement between MLS and in-situ observations over longer averaging periods, but discrepancies at individual profiles, especially seasonally, were higher and could impact estimations of ozone recovery over Antarctica.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinping Yang, Keding Lu, Xuefei Ma, Yanhui Liu, Haichao Wang, Renzhi Hu, Xin Li, Shengrong Lou, Shiyi Chen, Huabin Dong, Fengyang Wang, Yihui Wang, Guoxian Zhang, Shule Li, Suding Yang, Yiming Yang, Cailing Kuang, Zhaofeng Tan, Xiaorui Chen, Peipei Qiu, Limin Zeng, Pinhua Xie, Yuanhang Zhang
Summary: This study presents the first continuous measurements of ambient OH and HO2 radicals in a suburban site in Chengdu, Southwest China. The analysis shows a discrepancy between the observed and modeled OH concentrations, which could be improved by adding an additional species X into the model. Additionally, the model was able to reproduce the observed HO2 concentrations but discrepancies were found in sensitivity runs with HO2 heterogeneous uptake.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Karina E. Adcock, Paul J. Fraser, Brad D. Hall, Ray L. Langenfelds, Geoffrey Lee, Stephen A. Montzka, David E. Oram, Thomas Rockmann, Fred Stroh, William T. Sturges, Baerbel Vogel, Johannes C. Laube
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone transports emissions from rapidly industrializing nations into the upper troposphere, affecting ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) concentrations. Measurements from air samples collected during the summers of 2016 and 2017 revealed higher than expected levels of ODSs, including chlorinated very short-lived substances. Trajectory analysis indicated South Asia as a possible source region for some ODSs. These findings suggest a potential impact on the stratospheric ozone layer.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lei Shu, Lei Zhu, Juseon Bak, Peter Zoogman, Han Han, Xin Long, Bin Bai, Song Liu, Dakang Wang, Wenfu Sun, Dongchuan Pu, Yuyang Chen, Xicheng Li, Shuai Sun, Juan Li, Xiaoxing Zuo, Xin Yang, Tzung-May Fu
Summary: GEMS is the world's first air quality instrument in the geostationary orbit which monitors trace gases and aerosols in East Asia. Our study shows that assimilating synthetic GEMS data improves surface ozone simulation and accurately captures high-ozone events, as well as representing ozone vertical distributions and stratospheric intrusion events more effectively.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haolin Wang, Xiao Lu, Daniel J. Jacob, Owen R. Cooper, Kai-Lan Chang, Ke Li, Meng Gao, Yiming Liu, Bosi Sheng, Kai Wu, Tongwen Wu, Jie Zhang, Bastien Sauvage, Philippe Nedelec, Romain Blot, Shaojia Fan
Summary: This study examines the long-term tropospheric ozone trends and their impacts using aircraft observations, ozonesondes, and a chemical model simulation. The results show significant increases in tropospheric ozone, particularly in East Asia, the Persian Gulf, India, northern South America, the Gulf of Guinea, and Malaysia/Indonesia. The model simulation reproduces the overall pattern of observed ozone trends but underestimates the trends. Aircraft emissions contribute disproportionately to tropospheric ozone trends.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ao Chen, Di Chen, Xiaoyi Hu, Christina M. Harth, Dickon Young, Jens Muehle, Paul B. Krummel, Simon O'Doherty, Ray F. Weiss, Ronald G. Prinn, Xuekun Fang
Summary: This study used ACE-FTS satellite observations to assess global concentrations and emissions of ozone-depleting substances, hydrofluorocarbons, and methyl chloride. The results showed that satellite observations were consistent with ground-based observations, implying that satellite observations could be used to monitor the progress of the Montreal Protocol.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiaru Li, Nanase Kohno, Yosuke Sakamoto, Yukiko Fukusaki, Yuka Kousa, Yasuhiro Sadanaga, Yoshihiro Nakashima, Kei Sato, Sathiyamurthi Ramasamy, Akinori Takami, Ayako Yoshino, Tomoki Nakayama, Shungo Kato, Natsuki Ono, Jun Zhou, Yu Bai, Yoshizumi Kajii
Summary: Field measurements in the Keihin coastal industrial area during summer 2019 characterized air quality and ozone production potential with moderate OH reactivity and minimal missing OH reactivity compared to other campaigns. Oceanic air masses may influence coastal industrial areas, while ozone production rate shows a positive correlation with the reactivity ratio between VOCs and NOx.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chen Zhang, Xingang Liu, Yingying Zhang, Qinwen Tan, Miao Feng, Yu Qu, Junling An, Yijun Deng, Ruixiao Zhai, Zheng Wang, Nianliang Cheng, Shuping Zha
Summary: This study analyzed the characteristics and sources of VOCs in the Beijing atmosphere in the summer of 2016 based on observational data. It found that alkanes had the highest concentration among VOCs in Beijing and short-distance transport was the main source of pollution.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yonghua Wu, Amin R. Nehrir, Xinrong Ren, Russell R. Dickerson, Jianping Huang, Phillip R. Stratton, Guillaume Gronoff, Susan A. Kooi, James E. Collins, Timothy A. Berkoff, Liqiao Lei, Barry Gross, Fred Moshary
Summary: This study investigates the transport of wildfire smoke in the urban and coastal areas of New York City during the summer of 2018, revealing the optical properties of smoke particles and the significant impact of aloft smoke plumes on air quality. The findings suggest that the wildfire smoke particles have distinctive features and can contribute significantly to air pollution in populated areas like NYC.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fumikazu Ikemori, Rie Nishimura, Shinji Saito, Masayuki Akiyama, Shigekazu Yamamoto, Akihiro Iijima, Seiji Sugata
Summary: The study reveals that the impact of secondary organic aerosols on water-soluble organic carbon is significant in urban areas in Japan during both spring and summer, with different sources of SOAs affecting WSOC to varying degrees.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiaxing Han, Zirui Liu, Bo Hu, Weibin Zhu, Guiqian Tang, Quan Liu, Dongsheng Ji, Yuesi Wang
Summary: Continuous measurements were conducted in Beijing to understand the detailed information on photochemical ozone formation. The results showed that Beijing faced VOC-limited ozone pollution, with alkanes as the major contributors during summer and alkenes during autumn. Reduction of gasoline vehicles emissions in summer and both reduction of gasoline vehicles and solvent usage emissions in autumn were found to be the best measures to efficiently reduce ozone pollution.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lei Shu, Lei Zhu, Juseon Bak, Peter Zoogman, Han Han, Song Liu, Xicheng Li, Shuai Sun, Juan Li, Yuyang Chen, Dongchuan Pu, Xiaoxing Zuo, Weitao Fu, Xin Yang, Tzung-May Fu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of multiple ozone observations from GEMS geostationary satellite, LEO satellite, and surface networks on summertime ozone simulations through data assimilation. The results show that data assimilation improves the monitoring of surface ozone exceedance, spatial patterns, and diurnal variations, and reduces regional mean negative bias and root-mean-square error (RMSE). The joint assimilation of GEMS and surface observations performs the best, but GEMS may mask the added value of LEO measurements, which are crucial for constraining surface and upper tropospheric ozone simulations when observations from other platforms are not sufficient.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Valentin Lauther, Barbel Vogel, Johannes Wintel, Andrea Rau, Peter Hoor, Vera Bense, Rolf Muller, C. Michael Volk
Summary: This study investigates the transport pathways and impacts of chlorine-containing very short-lived substances (VSLSs) from Asia and Central America on the stratosphere using airborne measurements and simulations. The results show that the emissions of VSLSs from Asia have a greater impact on stratospheric ozone depletion compared to those from Central America.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. T. Fasullo, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Cecile Hannay, Nan Rosenbloom, Simone Tilmes, Patricia DeRepentigny, Alexandra Jahn, Clara Deser
Summary: Using the CMIP6 forcing database, it was found that a spurious increase in prescribed biomass burning emissions resulted in warming in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics. Through targeted sensitivity experiments, it was shown that this warming was specifically caused by biomass burning variability from 40 degrees to 70 degrees N, which led to cloud thinning and an increase in absorbed solar radiation. This study highlights the potential pitfalls of incorporating discontinuities in climate forcing data sets.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jintai Lin, Chunjiang Zhou, Lulu Chen, Gang Huang, J-F Lamarque, Ji Nie, Jun Yang, Kaiming Hu, Peng Liu, Jingxu Wang, Yan Xia, Yang Yang, Yongyun Hu
Summary: Regional consumption activities result in substantial aerosol-related emissions globally. Developed and developing countries' consumption-associated emissions have comparable climate impacts, with higher per emission effectiveness for developed countries. Developing countries' emissions have a greater impact on temperature and precipitation over China and India.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlos A. Cuevas, Rafael P. Fernandez, Douglas E. Kinnison, Qinyi Li, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Tarek Trabelsi, Joseph S. Francisco, Susan Solomon, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
Summary: This study found that the injection of iodine into the Antarctic stratosphere has a significant impact on the formation and development of the Antarctic ozone hole, especially in spring. The inclusion of iodine can advance the formation of the ozone hole and delay its closure, increasing the area and mass deficit of the hole.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
G. J. Cooke, D. R. Marsh, C. Walsh, B. Black, J-F Lamarque
Summary: The history of molecular oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is still debated. Using a three-dimensional chemistry-climate model, this study simulated changes in ozone levels and their implications for surface habitability and glaciation during the Mesoproterozoic. The findings suggest important implications for assessing paleoclimates and habitability of distant worlds.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qinyi Li, Rafael P. Fernandez, Ryan Hossaini, Fernando Iglesias-Suarez, Carlos A. Cuevas, Eric C. Apel, Douglas E. Kinnison, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant impact of reactive halogens on the lifetime and radiative forcing of CH4, emphasizing the need to consider both direct and indirect effects in future projections.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patricia DeRepentigny, Alexandra Jahn, Marika M. Holland, Jennifer E. Kay, John Fasullo, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Simone Tilmes, Cecile Hannay, Michael J. Mills, David A. Bailey, Andrew P. Barrett
Summary: This study finds that decadal variability in Arctic sea ice is strongly influenced by boreal biomass burning (BB) emissions, and the acceleration of sea ice decline can be attributed to increased variability in BB emissions through summertime aerosol-cloud interactions. Furthermore, it is discovered that more than half of the improvement in sea ice sensitivity to CO2 emissions and global warming from CMIP5 to CMIP6 can be attributed to increased variability in BB emissions, at least in the CESM model.
Article
Environmental Sciences
John T. Sullivan, Ryan M. Stauffer, Anne M. Thompson, Maria A. Tzortziou, Christopher P. Loughner, Carolyn E. Jordan, Joseph A. Santanello
Summary: Coastal areas are densely populated and economically important regions. Protecting the health of humans and ecosystems in these areas and understanding the impacts of environmental stressors like air pollution is crucial.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Javier A. Barrera, Douglas E. Kinnison, Rafael P. Fernandez, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Carlos A. Cuevas, Simone Tilmes, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
Summary: This study investigates the impact of anthropogenically amplified natural emissions of halogenated species on tropospheric ozone under pre-industrial and present-day atmospheric conditions using the CAM-Chem model. The results show that natural halogens have a slightly greater effect on tropospheric ozone depletion in pre-industrial conditions, with bromine playing a more significant role in this period.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Anne M. Thompson, Debra E. Kollonige, Ryan M. Stauffer, Alexander E. Kotsakis, Nader Abuhassan, Lok N. Lamsal, Robert J. Swap, Donald R. Blake, Amy Townsend-Small, Holli D. Wecht
Summary: The Satellite Coastal and Oceanic Atmospheric Pollution Experiment (SCOAPE) cruise in the Gulf of Mexico was conducted to determine the feasibility of using satellite data to measure air quality in ONG operations. The findings showed that satellite NO2 data can be used to monitor ONG activity, but there are limitations in coastal regions.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin Gaubert, David P. Edwards, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Avelino F. Arellano, Jerome Barre, Rebecca R. Buchholz, Sabine Darras, Louisa K. Emmons, David Fillmore, Claire Granier, James W. Hannigan, Ivan Ortega, Kevin Raeder, Antonin Soulie, Wenfu Tang, Helen M. Worden, Daniel Ziskin
Summary: This study developed an ensemble data assimilation system to optimize initial conditions and quantify anthropogenic and wildfire emission fluxes of carbon monoxide (CO) and aerosols. The results revealed underestimation of CO emissions in China while overestimation of fire emissions, especially in the tropics. Biases in hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry were found to dominate the CO errors.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Nikolay V. Balashov, Lesley E. Ott, Brad Weir, Sourish Basu, Kenneth J. Davis, Natasha L. Miles, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer
Summary: This study examines the effects of the 2019 floods in the Midwestern and Southern US on the ability of land ecosystems to absorb CO2. The results show that floods have complex effects on the carbon cycle in different regions, highlighting the need for further research to understand how land ecosystems will respond to climate change.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Simon Prampart, Jean Francois Huon, Andre Colpaert, Clemence Delavaud, Julien Nizard, Adrien Evin
Summary: This study provides descriptive data on continuous and deep sedation until death in palliative care units. It highlights the use of second-line sedatives, such as propofol, and the involvement of high-dose corticosteroid therapy in cases of sedation following a request to stop life support. The study also reports the duration and dosage of sedative treatments used.
BMJ SUPPORTIVE & PALLIATIVE CARE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ji-Eun Kim, Ryohei Yamaguchi, Keith B. Rodgers, Axel Timmermann, Sun-Seon Lee, Karl Stein, Gokhan Danabasoglu, Jean-Francois Lamarque, John T. Fasullo, Clara Deser, Nan Rosenbloom, Jim Edwards, Malte F. Stuecker
Summary: Climate model simulations CMIP6 show that the inhomogeneous biomass burning aerosol (BBA) emission dataset exhibits pronounced interannual variability from 1997-2014 due to satellite data infusion. CESM2-LE experiments demonstrate that the CMIP6 data inhomogeneity induces spurious decadal subarctic land warming. This is caused by increased solar radiation triggering permafrost thawing, soil drying, and subsequent surface warming during years with reduced aerosol concentrations.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hao Guo, Clare M. Flynn, Michael J. Prather, Sarah A. Strode, Stephen D. Steenrod, Louisa Emmons, Forrest Lacey, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Arlene M. Fiore, Gus Correa, Lee T. Murray, Glenn M. Wolfe, Jason M. St. Clair, Michelle Kim, John Crounse, Glenn Diskin, Joshua DiGangi, Bruce C. Daube, Roisin Commane, Kathryn McKain, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea Thompson, Thomas F. Hanisco, Donald Blake, Nicola J. Blake, Eric C. Apel, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, James W. Elkins, Eric J. Hintsa, Fred L. Moore, Steven C. Wofsy
Summary: The NASA ATom mission collected in situ measurements of key reactive species in air parcels over the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. The study found that a large portion of the total reactivity is concentrated in a fraction of all air parcels, supporting previous model-only studies. The results also showed that current global chemistry models can capture much of the heterogeneity in tropospheric chemistry.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)