期刊
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
卷 39, 期 3, 页码 125-130出版社
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2012.01.006
关键词
Centromere; Inactivation; Epigenetics; Wheat; Maize
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31071083, 31130033]
- National Science Foundation of USA [DBI 0922703]
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0922703] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Plant centromeres are generally composed of tandem arrays of simple repeats that form a complex chromosome locus where the kinetochore forms and microtubules attach during mitosis and meiosis. Each chromosome has one centromere region, which is essential for accurate division of the genetic material. Recently, chromosomes containing two centromere regions (called dicentric chromosomes) have been found in maize and wheat. Interestingly, some dicentric chromosomes are stable because only one centromere is active and the other one is inactivated. Because such arrays maintain their typical structure for both active and inactive centromeres, the specification of centromere activity has an epigenetic component independent of the DNA sequence. Under some circumstances, the inactive centromeres may recover centromere function, which is called centromere reactivation. Recent studies have highlighted the important changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, that occur during centromere inactivation and reactivation.
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