Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kristen W. Cohen, Andrew Fiore-Gartland, Stephen R. Walsh, Karina Yusim, Nicole Frahm, Marnie L. Elizaga, Janine Maenza, Hyman Scott, Kenneth H. Mayer, Paul A. Goepfert, Srilatha Edupuganti, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Julia Hutter, Daryl E. Morris, Stephen C. De Rosa, Daniel E. Geraghty, Merlin L. Robb, Nelson L. Michael, Will Fischer, Elena E. Giorgi, Harman Malhi, Michael N. Pensiero, Guido Ferrari, Georgia D. Tomaras, David C. Montefiori, Peter B. Gilbert, M. Juliana McElrath, Barton F. Haynes, Bette T. Korber, Lindsey R. Baden
Summary: This study found that vaccination with mosaic immunogens could induce more specific T cell responses and increase recognition of heterologous variants, suggesting that mosaic and consensus immunogens are promising approaches to address the global diversity of HIV-1.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nancy Liliana Tateosian, Maria Paula Morelli, Joaquin Miguel Pellegrini, Veronica Edith Garcia
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has resulted in the death of almost one billion people in the past 200 years. TB remains a significant global health concern, ranking among the top thirteen leading causes of death worldwide. TB infection in humans can manifest in different stages with varying symptoms, immune responses, and pathology profiles. Active Mtb infection can lead to the development of diverse immune endotypes in TB patients due to individual immunological profiles influenced by various factors. Understanding the factors involved in shaping the immunological status of TB patients during active Mtb infection can contribute to the development of Host Directed Therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yang Gao, Shan He, Wen Tian, Dan Li, Minghui An, Bin Zhao, Haibo Ding, Junjie Xu, Zhenxing Chu, Hong Shang, Xiaoxu Han
Summary: Recombination is a major mechanism for rapid evolution of HIV-1, and superinfection may play a role in generating a series of related HIV-1 recombinants. The study in Chinese MSM identified unique CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC URFs, highlighting the importance of continuous surveillance and early ART initiation in HIV-infected individuals with multiple infections.
Article
Microbiology
Hugh C. Welles, Hannah A. D. King, Leonard Nettey, Nicole Cavett, Jason Gorman, Tongqing Zhou, Yaroslav Tsybovsky, Renguang Du, Kaimei Song, Richard Nguyen, David Ambrozak, Amy Ransier, Chaim A. Schramm, Nicole A. Doria-Rose, Adrienne E. Swanstrom, James A. Hoxie, Celia LaBranche, David C. Montefiori, Daniel C. Douek, Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola, Mario Roederer, Rosemarie D. Mason
Summary: The study identified multiple rhesus-derived SIV broadly neutralizing antibodies capable of neutralizing most isolates of SIV. These antibodies target unique epitopes and demonstrate the ability to achieve near complete neutralization of highly resistant SIV strains.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Hayes, Natalia Fernandez, Christina Ochsenbauer, Jama Dalel, Jonathan Hare, Deborah King, Lucas Black, Claire Streatfield, Vanaja Kakarla, Gladys Macharia, Julia Makinde, Matt Price, Eric Hunter, Jill Gilmour
Summary: Expansion of CD8 T-cells using CD3/CD4 bi-specific antibody allowed for comprehensive identification of HIV-1-specific T-cell responses in patients. The study found that CD8 T-cell inhibition was effective against multiple HIV-1 isolates and positively correlated with the breadth of epitope recognition.
Article
Infectious Diseases
D. Baryshnikova, A. Mordyk, L. Puzyreva
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed cases of HIV infection and inhibited hematopoiesis. The results showed that the degree of hematopoietic suppression was related to the progression of HIV infection.
INFEKTSIYA I IMMUNITET
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Amanda Mocroft, Adam Geressu, Charles Beguelin, Josep M. Llibre, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Janez Tomazic, Jelena Smidt, Milosz Parczewski, Johanna Braennstroem, Dalibor Sedlacek, Olaf Degen, Marc van der Valk, Dzmitry Paduta, Leo Flamholc, Patrick Schmid, Chloe Orkin, Lars N. Nielsen, Christian Hoffmann, Marek Beniowski, Cristiana Oprea, Josip Begovac, Lars Peters
Summary: Limited data on end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and mortality in people with HIV (PWH) coinfected with both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were analyzed. The study found that HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals had lower rates of ESLD, while HIV/HBV/HCV-coinfected individuals had higher rates of ESLD compared with those with HIV/HCV. Over time, the incidence of ESLD decreased in all groups.
Review
Infectious Diseases
John Thornhill, Chloe Orkin, Muge Cevik
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has complex and varied effects on people with HIV (PWH), increasing the risk of severe illness and mortality. HIV does not appear to increase the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2, but once acquired, HIV worsens the outcomes of COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccines may be less effective in PWH, and disruptions to essential prevention and treatment services during the pandemic are negatively impacting progress in HIV control.
CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sara Paparini, Ryan Whitacre, Melanie Smuk, John Thornhill, Chikondi Mwendera, Sophie Strachan, Will Nutland, Chloe Orkin
Summary: This study examined the public response to public health and media messaging during the human monkeypox virus outbreak in the UK, with a focus on at-risk communities. The results showed that while vaccine acceptability was high, there were variations in the understanding and acceptance of public health information.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Oriol Mitja, Dimie Ogoina, Boghuma K. Titanji, Cristina Galvan, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Michael Marks, Chloe M. Orkin
Summary: Monkeypox is a zoonotic illness caused by the monkeypox virus, mainly found in west and central Africa. In 2022, it became a Public Health Emergency of International Concern due to its unprecedented global spread outside Africa. The disease primarily spreads through close intimate contact, with most cases diagnosed among men who have sex with men.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Charles Beguelin, Andrew Atkinson, Anders Boyd, Karolin Falconer, Nikolai Kirkby, Franziska Suter-Riniker, Huldrych F. Guenthard, Juergen K. Rockstroh, Amanda Mocroft, Andri Rauch, Lars Peters, Gilles Wandeler
Summary: A study found a high prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Europe, which is the most severe form of viral hepatitis. This study analyzed data from a large HIV cohort collaboration to characterize the epidemiological trends of HDV in Europe and its impact on clinical outcomes.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chloe Orkin
Summary: In this article, the author, who is the eightieth President of the Medical Women's Federation and a clinical academic, shares her reflections on disability, gender, and leadership. Drawing from her sixteen-year career in HIV Medicine in East London, UK, the author discusses her experiences as a Consultant Physician who became invisibly disabled and how her leadership style has evolved. The article encourages readers to think about invisible disability, 'ableism', and effective communication with colleagues.
Article
Immunology
Chloe Orkin, Jonathan M. Schapiro, Carlo F. Perno, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, Parul Patel, Rebecca DeMoor, David Dorey, Yongwei Wang, Kelong Han, Veerle Van Eygen, Herta Crauwels, Susan L. Ford, Christine L. Latham, Marty St. Clair, Joseph W. Polli, Simon Vanveggel, Kati Vandermeulen, Ronald D'Amico, Harmony P. Garges, Andrew Zolopa, William R. Spreen, Jean van Wyk, Amy G. Cutrell
Summary: This study expanded the analysis of predictors for confirmed virologic failure in patients receiving cabotegravir + rilpivirine long-acting. It found that several baseline factors and drug concentrations were associated with an increased failure risk.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Maria J. Fuster-RuizdeApodaca, David A. Wohl, Mario Cascio, Giovanni Guaraldi, Juergen Rockstroh, Matthew Hodson, Bruce Richman, Gina Brown, Jane Anderson, Jeffrey V. Lazarus
Summary: In the past few decades, advances in HIV diagnosis, care, and treatment have greatly improved the life expectancy of people living with HIV. However, these advances have also brought forth new challenges that need to be addressed to ensure their long-term well-being. This article discusses the unmet needs and challenges in the HIV continuum of care, and redefines long-term success to promote healthy aging for all individuals affected by HIV.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jeffrey V. V. Lazarus, David A. A. Wohl, Mario Cascio, Giovanni Guaraldi, Jurgen Rockstroh, Matthew Hodson, Bruce Richman, Gina Brown, Jane Anderson, Maria J. J. Fuster-RuizdeApodaca
Summary: With improved life expectancy, the needs of people living with HIV have evolved, requiring a new definition of long-term success (LTS). Through research phases and expert-led workshops, the LTS framework was developed, consisting of five outcome pillars: sustained undetectable viral load, minimal impact of treatment and clinical monitoring, optimized health-related quality of life, lifelong integration of healthcare, and freedom from stigma and discrimination.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oriol Mitja, Andrea Alemany, Michael Marks, Jezer I. Lezama Mora, Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Aldama, Mayara Secco Torres Silva, Ever Arturo Corral Herrera, Brenda Crabtree-Ramirez, Jose Luis Blanco, Nicolo Girometti, Valentina Mazzotta, Aniruddha Hazra, Macarena Silva, Juan Jose Montenegro-Idrogo, Kelly Gebo, Jade Ghosn, Maria Fernanda Pena Vazquez, Eduardo Matos Prado, Uche Unigwe, Judit Villar-Garcia, Noah Wald-Dickler, Jason Zucker, Roger Paredes, Alexandra Calmy, Laura Waters, Cristina Galvan-Casas, Sharon Walmsley, Chloe M. Orkin
Summary: In the 2022 multicountry mpox outbreak, 38-50% of those affected were people living with HIV. Clinical outcomes and mortality were worse in people with more advanced HIV.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rageshri Dhairyawan, Adrienne Milner, John P. Thornhill, Longret Kwardem, Nashaba Matin, Chloe Orkin, Kevin Deane
Summary: This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals who initiated rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) within 7 days of HIV diagnosis in routine care in London. Purposive sampling was used to conduct 18 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with individuals who started rapid ART at Barts Health NHS Trust. The study identified four main themes: acceptance of rapid ART, taking control of one's health, the need for information and support, and individualized care. The findings suggest that early initiation of ART is acceptable and beneficial for individuals newly diagnosed with HIV.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Muge Cevik, Chloe Orkin
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jessica Doctor, Alan Winston, Jaime H. Vera, Frank A. Post, Marta Boffito, Patrick W. G. Mallon, Jane Anderson, Christina Prechtl, Ian Williams, Margaret Johnson, Emmanouil Bagkeris, Memory Sachikonye, Caroline A. Sabin, POPPY Study
Summary: This study investigates the association between the use of anticholinergic medications (ACMs) and recurrent falls and frailty in people with HIV. The results show that ACM users have a higher incidence of recurrent falls and frailty compared to non-users. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of this and aim to reduce the use of ACMs.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Asad Shabbir, Ismita Chhetri, Rayomand S. Khambata, Tipparat Parakaw, Clement Lau, Muhammad A. B. N. Aubdool, Gianmichele Massimo, Nicki Dyson, Vikas Kapil, Thomas Godec, Vanessa Apea, Jan Flint, Chloe Orkin, Krishnaraj S. Rathod, Amrita Ahluwalia
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of sex or dietary factors on endothelial function and inflammatory responses in healthy volunteers after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marianne Martinello, Sanjay Bhagani, David Shaw, Chloe Orkin, Graham Cooke, Edward Gane, David Iser, Andrew Ustianowski, Ranjababu Kulasegaram, Catherine Stedman, Elise Tu, Jason Grebely, Gregory J. Dore, Mark Nelson, Gail Matthews
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of glecaprevir-pibrentasvir for 4 weeks among people with recent HCV infection. The results showed that the efficacy of a 4-week regimen of glecaprevir-pibrentasvir was lower than observed with longer treatment durations (>= 6 weeks) among people with recent HCV.
