Article
Oncology
Leslie K. Dennis
Summary: This study examined the relationship between cumulative sun exposure and melanoma and found that there was no association before the age of 60. However, among individuals with fair skin color, there was no association between hours of sun exposure and melanoma, while among medium- or darker-skinned individuals, higher hours of sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of melanoma. This finding has implications for melanoma prevention efforts, particularly for darker-skinned individuals.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jeffrey J. VanWormer, Eseoghene B. Abokede, Richard L. Berg
Summary: This study examines the effects of HCTZ use and sun exposure on the development of NMSC. The results show that under low sun exposure, the odds of NMSC increased by 14% for each additional year of HCTZ use. A borderline significant interaction was found between HCTZ use and high sun exposure in adults aged 70 and above, suggesting a slightly increased risk of HCTZ in this group.
Article
Immunology
Lies Van Horebeek, Nina Dedoncker, Benedicte Dubois, An Goris
Summary: This study investigated somatic mosaicism in T lymphocyte subsets and found that it is widespread in both control individuals and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Somatic variants were more common and abundant in CD8(+) T lymphocytes, but their presence and abundance did not differ between MS patients and controls.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
J. E. Kreijne, R. L. Goetgebuer, N. S. Erler, N. K. De Boer, A. G. Siebers, G. Dijkstra, F. A. van Kemenade, F. Hoentjen, B. Oldenburg, A. E. van der Meulen, C. I. J. Ponsioen, M. J. Pierik, C. J. van der Woude, A. C. de Vries
Summary: This study found that women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer (CIN2+). The risk of CIN2+ increases with longer cumulative exposure to immunomodulators (IM), but no association was found with cumulative exposure to biologic agents (BIO) or both BIO and IM.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Oskar Karlsson, Oskar Hagberg, Kari Nielsen, John Paoli, Asa Ingvar
Summary: Individuals at high risk of developing skin cancer exhibit suboptimal sun exposure habits and harmful traveling behaviors. It is recommended that future skin cancer campaigns provide information on accurate sun protection behavior during sunny holidays and associated risk factors. Some risk factors, such as childhood sunburns, numerous common and large/atypical nevi, as well as family history of skin cancer, appear to be less recognized by the population.
DERMATOLOGY PRACTICAL & CONCEPTUAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ryan Ottwell, Courtney Cook, Benjamin Greiner, Nguyen Hoang, Tracy Beswick, Micah Hartwell
Summary: This study compared lifestyle behaviors among skin cancer survivors or individuals currently diagnosed with skin cancer with those who have never had a skin cancer diagnosis, finding differences in sun exposure, smoking, and alcohol consumption.
JOURNAL OF CANCER SURVIVORSHIP
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sauliha Alli, Jonathan Lebeau, Agustina Hasbani, Francois Lagace, Ivan V. Litvinov, Sandra Pelaez
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between sun exposure and melanoma incidence rates in different provinces of Atlantic Canada and found that residents in provinces with higher incidence rates demonstrated greater sun exposure awareness and protective measures, but also received more sun exposure due to warmer climates and outdoor activities. Conversely, residents in provinces with lower incidence rates used sunscreen and protective clothing less frequently, engaged in occupations and hobbies with less sun exposure, and lived in cooler climates. This suggests a possible sunscreen paradox, where increased sunscreen use is correlated with higher sun exposure, leading to a false sense of security.
Article
Oncology
Vu Tran, Monika Janda, Robyn M. M. Lucas, Donald S. A. McLeod, Bridie S. S. Thompson, Mary Waterhouse, David C. C. Whiteman, Rachel E. E. Neale
Summary: Sun exposure in Australia has both negative and positive effects. It is a major cause of skin cancer, but also promotes vitamin D production. However, despite high levels of UV radiation, a significant portion of the population is vitamin D deficient. Balancing the risks and benefits requires effective communication.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Charlotte E. Vollenbrock, Delnaz Roshandel, Melanie M. van der Klauw, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Andrew D. Paterson
Summary: This study found that skin autofluorescence (SAF) has a high heritability and identified genetic variants associated with SAF through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Further investigating the genetic architecture of SAF can improve its utility as a tool for screening and early detection of diseases.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caradee Y. Wright, Mary Norval
Summary: Outdoor workers in South Africa are at risk of high levels of solar UVR exposure, with little research on associated health impacts. Sunburn, pterygium, cataract, keratinocyte cancers, and melanoma are major concerns. Legislation, training, and guidelines are needed to improve sun safety for workers.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Nicole L. Bolick, Linglin Huang, Nicole Trepanowski, Rebecca Hartman
Summary: The rates of non-melanoma skin cancer are increasing in the United States. A study investigated the differences in skin cancer preventive behaviors among sun-sensitive individuals of different racial and ethnic groups. The study found that non-Hispanic whites were more likely to use sunscreen and undergo full body skin examination, while other racial and ethnic groups were more likely to practice sun avoidance and wear sun-protective clothing. Overall, there was an increase in sunscreen use and a decrease in indoor tanning among all racial and ethnic groups.
ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Nurit Harel, Navit Ogen-Shtern, Leah Reshef, Dvora Biran, Eliora Z. Ron, Uri Gophna
Summary: The study shows that daily exposure to sun radiation leads to an increase in specific skin microbiome bacteria, including Sphingomonas and Erythrobacteraceae, which may have the ability to protect against UV radiation. The research specifically demonstrates the resistance of a Sphingomonas strain to UV irradiation and its ability to reduce reactive oxygen species levels in human keratinocytes. These findings provide evidence for the role of the skin microbiome in protecting the skin from solar radiation.
RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
John Charles A. Lacson, Shawn A. Zamani, Luis Alberto Ribeiro Froes Jr, Nandita Mitra, Lu Qian, Scarlet H. Doyle, Esther Azizi, Claudia Balestrini, D. Timothy Bishop, William Bruno, Blanca Carlos-Ortega, Francisco Cuellar, Anne E. Cust, David E. Elder, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Paola Ghiorzo, Thais C. Grazziotin, Nelleke A. Gruis, Johan Hansson, Marko Hocevar, Veronica Hoiom, Elizabeth A. Holland, Christian Ingvar, Gilles Landman, Alejandra Larre-Borges, Graham J. Mann, Montserrat Molgo, Luciana Facure Moredo, Hakan Olsson, Jacoba J. Out-Luiting, Barbara Peric, Dace Pjanova, Susana Puig, Julio Salas-Alanis, Helen Schmid, Karin A. W. Wadt, Julia A. Newton-Bishop, Peter A. Kanetsky
Summary: The study found that individuals from melanoma-prone families have increased sunscreen use and decreased likelihood of sunburns in more recent birth cohorts, but overall sun exposure has not reduced. Additionally, there was an increased likelihood of sunbed use in more recent birth cohorts among melanoma-prone individuals. Melanoma cases had higher sunscreen use, lower sun exposure, and lower odds of sunburn and sunbed use after diagnosis compared to before.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Weidong Ping, Qiming Zhao, Shuhong Ge, Xin Wang, Fei Li, Xiaoxiang Huang
Summary: The tanning response to sun exposure is positively correlated with the development of skin diseases in people of European descent, according to Mendelian randomization studies. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these observations.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
K. A. Merin, Merin Shaji, R. Kameswaran
Summary: Skin acts as a barrier to protect the body from harmful effects of solar ultraviolet radiation. However, overexposure to UV radiation can lead to various skin diseases, including skin cancer and premature aging. Outdoor professionals and indoor tanning enthusiasts are particularly vulnerable to occupational or sun-induced skin diseases. Sunscreen is a crucial part of skin protection, along with other measures like wearing protective clothing and accessories.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sneha Sethi, Anna Ali, Xiangqun Ju, Annika Antonsson, Richard Logan, Lisa Jamieson
Summary: The study found an age range of 3-92 years (mean: 23.1 years) with a male to female ratio of 3:4. The geographical distribution revealed an increased incidence of Heck's disease in the European region.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sneha Sethi, Xiangqun Ju, Annika Antonsson, Karen Canfell, Megan A. Smith, Gail Garvey, Joanne Hedges, Lisa Jamieson
Summary: The incidence of oral HPV infection is high among Indigenous populations in Australia, with rural location and oral sexual behaviors being risk factors.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Maria Celia B. Hughes, Annika Antonsson, Astrid J. Rodriguez-Acevedo, Upekha E. Liyanage, Adele C. Green, Jolieke C. van der Pols
Summary: This study found that consumption of dark green leafy vegetables may lower the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, especially in individuals with specific genotypes. The findings suggest that gene polymorphisms related to folate metabolism should be considered when assessing the relationship between green leafy vegetables and cancer risk.
Article
Immunology
Md Taufiqul Islam, Kashmira Date, Ashraful Islam Khan, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Zahid Hasan Khan, Shamim Ahmed, Motaher Hossain, Fatema Khaton, K. Zaman, Nigel A. J. McMillan, Abhijeet Anand, Qian An, Chenhua Zhang, William C. Weldon, Alexander Yu, Stephen Luby, Firdausi Qadri
Summary: This study found that the co-administration of oral poliovirus vaccine and oral cholera vaccine is safe and effective in children aged 1-3 years, with potential cost-benefits.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Danyelle Assis Ferreira, Adi Idris, Nigel A. J. McMillan
Summary: Some cancers, including certain anogenital and head and neck cancers, may be caused by viruses such as human papilloma virus (HPV). The presence of the virus in tumors has usually been used to establish causality, but this study suggests that the absence of viral genes from tumors does not exclude the possibility of viral causation. By deleting the viral oncogene E7 using CRISPR, the researchers found that tumors were eliminated, but the deleted tumors recurred over time and developed new mutations, some of which were already present in tumors without HPV.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Otorhinolaryngology
Newell W. Johnson, Ana Maria Salinas Montalvo, Nigel A. J. McMillan
JAMA OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Kai Dun Tang, Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange, Jelena Vider, Gunter Hartel, Nicholas P. West, Nigel A. J. McMillan, Martin D. Batstone, Zhen Liu, Sarju Vasani, Liz Kenny, Chamindie Punyadeera
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yusuf M. Idres, Alan J. Lai, Nigel A. J. McMillan, Adi Idris
Summary: Increasing the bioavailability of p53 may be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of HPV-driven cancers.
Article
Immunology
Fahima Chowdhury, Afroza Akter, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Rajib Biswas, Md. Golam Firoj, Imam Tauheed, Jason B. Harris, Regina C. Larocque, Allen G. Ross, Nigel A. J. McMillan, Richelle C. Charles, Edward T. Ryan, Stephen B. Calderwood, Firdausi Qadri
Summary: This study found age-dependent differences in immune responses targeting sialidase after cholera infection. Adult patients developed immune responses against sialidase after acute infection, which decreased over time. In contrast, children showed weaker antibody responses, with a late response observed at the end of the study. Stunted children had lower immune responses, while cases with parasitic co-infection had stronger immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Aroon Supramaniam, Yaman Tayyar, Daniel T. W. Clarke, Gabrielle Kelly, Dhruba Acharya, Kevin V. Morris, Nigel A. J. McMillan, Adi Idris
Summary: RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising therapy for respiratory viral infections. Delivery of short-interfering RNA (siRNA) has been hindered by the lack of a good delivery system. This study developed a siRNA encapsulated lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery system that effectively targets SARS-CoV-2 and RSV lung infection. The use of LNPs as the delivery vehicle overcomes the barriers of siRNA delivery and is an important advancement in treating respiratory viral diseases.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Letter
Virology
Peter Speck, Jason Mackenzie, Rowena A. Bull, Barry Slobedman, Heidi Drummer, Johanna Fraser, Lara Herrero, Karla Helbig, Sarah Londrigan, Gregory Moseley, Natalie Prow, Grant Hansman, Robert Edwards, Chantelle Ahlenstiel, Allison Abendroth, David Tscharke, Jody Hobson-Peters, Robson Kriiger-Loterio, Rhys Parry, Glenn Marsh, Emma Harding, David A. Jacques, Matthew J. Gartner, Wen Shi Lee, Julie McAuley, Paola Vaz, Frank Sainsbury, Michelle D. Tate, Jane Sinclair, Allison Imrie, Stephen Rawlinson, Andrew Harman, Jillian M. Carr, Ebony A. Monson, Merilyn Hibma, Timothy J. Mahony, Thomas Tu, Robert J. Center, Lok Bahadur Shrestha, Robyn Hall, Morgyn Warner, Vernon Ward, Danielle E. Anderson, Nicholas S. Eyre, Natalie E. Netzler, Alison J. Peel, Peter Revill, Michael Beard, Alistair R. Legione, Alexandra J. Spencer, Adi Idris, Jade Forwood, Subir Sarker, Damian F. J. Purcell, Nathan Bartlett, Joshua M. Deerain, Bruce J. Brew, Sassan Asgari, Helen Farrell, Alexander Khromykh, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, David Anderson, Sevim Mese, Yaman Tayyar, Kathryn Edenborough, Jasim Muhammad Uddin, Abrar Hussain, Connor J. I. Daymond, Jacinta Agius, Karyn N. Johnson, Paniz Shirmast, Mahdi Abedinzadeshahri, Robin MacDiarmid, Caroline L. Ashley, Jay Laws, Lucy L. Furfaro, Thomas D. Burton, Stephen M. R. Johnson, Zahra Telikani, Mary Petrone, Justin A. Roby, Carolyn Samer, Andreas Suhrbier, April van der Kamp, Anthony Cunningham, Celeste Donato, Jackie Mahar, Wesley D. Black, Subhash Vasudevan, Roman Lenchine, Kirsten Spann, Daniel J. Rawle, Penny Rudd, Jessica Neil, Richard Kingston, Timothy P. Newsome, Ki Wook Kim, Johnson Mak, Kym Lowry, Nathan Bryant, Joanne Meers, Jason A. Roberts, Nigel McMillan, Larisa I. Labzin, Andrii Slonchak, Leon E. Hugo, Bennett Henzeler, Natalee D. Newton, Cassandra T. David, Patrick C. Reading, Camille Esneau, Tatiana Briody, Najla Nasr, Donna McNeale, Brian McSharry, Omid Fakhri, Bethany A. Horsburgh, Grant Logan, Paul Howley, Paul Young
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Farhana Khanam, Golap Babu, Nazia Rahman, Xinxue Liu, Nazmul Hasan Rajib, Shams Uddin Ahmed, Md Ismail Hossen, Prasanta Kumar Biswas, Sarah Kelly, Katherine Thesis-Nyland, Yama Mujadidi, Nigel A. J. McMillan, Andrew J. Pollard, John Clemens, Firdausi Qadri
Summary: A cluster-randomized trial was conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh, comparing the effectiveness of Vi-TT and JE vaccines. The study found that a single dose of Vi-TT vaccine induced a robust and persistent antibody response, even after 2 years. Analyzing the antibodies of children who received Vi-TT may provide evidence for predicting population protection.
Article
Immunology
Fahima Chowdhury, Asma Binte Aziz, Faisal Ahmmed, Tasnuva Ahmed, Sophie S. Y. Kang, Justin Im, Juyeon Park, Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse, Md. Taufiqul Islam, Deok Ryun Kim, Masuma Hoque, Gideok Pak, Farhana Khanam, Nigel A. J. McMillan, Xinxue Liu, Khalequ Zaman, Ashraful Islam Khan, Jerome H. Kim, Florian Marks, Firdausi Qadri, John D. Clemens
Summary: The current global initiative aims to end Cholera by 2030 through the use of oral cholera vaccine (OCV) and improved household water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) practices. This study reanalyzed a cluster-randomized trial in urban Bangladesh and found that improved WASH practices and OCV interaction may provide greater protection against cholera. However, further research is needed to understand the differences between intent to vaccinate and actual receipt of OCV.
Letter
Microbiology
Peter Speck, Jason Mackenzie, Rowena A. Bull, Barry Slobedman, Heidi Drummer, Johanna Fraser, Lara Herrero, Karla Helbig, Sarah Londrigan, Gregory Moseley, Natalie Prow, Grant Hansman, Robert Edwards, Chantelle Ahlenstiel, Allison Abendroth, David Tscharke, Jody Hobson-Peters, Robson Kriiger-Loterio, Rhys Parry, Glenn Marsh, Emma Harding, David A. Jacques, Matthew J. Gartner, Wen Shi Lee, Julie McAuley, Paola Vaz, Frank Sainsbury, Michelle D. Tate, Jane Sinclair, Allison Imrie, Stephen Rawlinson, Andrew Harman, Jillian M. Carr, Ebony A. Monson, Merilyn Hibma, Timothy J. Mahony, Thomas Tu, Robert J. Center, Lok Bahadur Shrestha, Robyn Hall, Morgyn Warner, Vernon Ward, Danielle E. Anderson, Nicholas S. Eyre, Natalie E. Netzler, Alison J. Peel, Peter Revill, Michael Beard, Alistair R. Legione, Alexandra J. Spencer, Adi Idris, Jade Forwood, Subir Sarker, Damian F. J. Purcell, Nathan Bartlett, Joshua M. Deerain, Bruce J. Brew, Sassan Asgari, Helen Farrell, Alexander Khromykh, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, David Anderson, Sevim Mese, Yaman Tayyar, Kathryn Edenborough, Jasim Muhammad Uddin, Abrar Hussain, Connor J. Daymond, Jacinta Agius, Karyn N. Johnson, Paniz Shirmast, Mahdi Abedinzadeshahri, Robin MacDiarmid, Caroline L. Ashley, Jay Laws, Lucy L. Furfaro, Thomas D. Burton, Stephen M. R. Johnson, Zahra Telikani, Mary Petrone, Justin A. Roby, Carolyn Samer, Andreas Suhrbier, April van der Kamp, Anthony Cunningham, Celeste Donato, Jackie Mahar, Wesley D. Black, Subhash Vasudevan, Roman Lenchine, Kirsten Spann, Daniel J. Rawle, Penny Rudd, Jessica Neil, Richard Kingston, Timothy P. Newsome, Ki Wook Kim, Johnson Mak, Kym Lowry, Nathan Bryant, Joanne Meers, Jason A. Roberts, Nigel McMillan, Larisa I. Labzin, Andrii Slonchak, Leon E. Hugo, Bennett Henzeler, Natalee D. Newton, Cassandra T. David, Patrick C. Reading, Camille Esneau, Tatiana Briody, Najla Nasr, Donna McNeale, Brian McSharry, Omid Fakhri, Bethany A. Horsburgh, Grant Logan, Paul Howley, Paul Young
Letter
Microbiology
Peter Speck, Jason Mackenzie, Rowena A. Bull, Barry Slobedman, Heidi Drummer, Johanna Fraser, Lara Herrero, Karla Helbig, Sarah Londrigan, Gregory Moseley, Natalie Prow, Grant Hansman, Robert Edwards, Chantelle Ahlenstiel, Allison Abendroth, David Tscharke, Jody Hobson-Peters, Robson Kriiger-Loterio, Rhys Parry, Glenn Marsh, Emma Harding, David A. Jacques, Matthew J. Gartner, Wen Shi Lee, Julie McAuley, Paola Vaz, Frank Sainsbury, Michelle D. Tate, Jane Sinclair, Allison Imrie, Stephen Rawlinson, Andrew Harman, Jillian M. Carr, Ebony A. Monson, Merilyn Hibma, Timothy J. Mahony, Thomas Tu, Robert J. Center, Lok Bahadur Shrestha, Robyn Hall, Morgy Warner, Vernon Ward, Danielle E. Anderson, Nicholas S. Eyre, Natalie E. Netzler, Alison J. Peel, Peter Revill, Michael Beard, Alistair R. Legione, Alexandra J. Spencer, Adi Idris, Jade Forwood, Subir Sarker, Damian F. J. Purcell, Nathan Bartlett, Joshua M. Deerain, Bruce J. Brew, Sassan Asgari, Helen Farrell, Alexander Khromykh, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, David Anderson, Sevim Mese, Yaman Tayyar, Kathryn Edenborough, Jasim Muhammad Uddin, Abrar Hussain, Connor J. I. Daymond, Jacinta Agius, Karyn N. Johnson, Paniz Shirmast, Mahdi Abedinzadeshahri, Robin MacDiarmid, Caroline L. Ashley, Jay Laws, Lucy L. Furfaro, Thomas D. Burton, Stephen M. R. Johnson, Zahra Telikani, Mary Petrone, Justin A. Roby, Carolyn Samer, Andreas Suhrbier, April van der Kamp, Anthony Cunningham, Celeste Donato, Jackie Mahar, Wesley D. Black, Subhash Vasudevan, Roman Lenchine, Kirsten Spann, Daniel J. Rawle, Penny Rudd, Jessica Neil, Richard Kingston, Timothy P. Newsome, Ki Wook Kim, Johnson Mak, Kym Lowry, Nathan Bryant, Joanne Meers, Jason A. Roberts, Nigel McMillan, Larisa I. Labzin, Andrii Slonchak, Leon E. Hugo, Bennett Henzeler, Natalee D. Newton, Cassandra T. David, Patrick C. Reading, Camille Esneau, Tatiana Briody, Najla Nasr, Donna McNeale, Brian McSharry, Omid Fakhri, Bethany A. Horsburgh, Grant Logan, Paul Howley, Paul Young